gpu-build: wire per-arch lux-gpu into the DexVM node image (opt-in GPU variant)

Deliverable #2 — node carries the DexVM natively + links lux-gpu on GPU variants: - Confirmed: the D-Chain dexvm plugin (vmID mDVT5EWMumBp3LCqvKwuyZQeY1VXr1jvjGNAt8nL4UFiXvqXr) is already built from luxfi/dex ./cmd/dchain, guarded by test -s || FATAL, and bundled into the runtime image (plugin group 2). The STANDARD node keeps building it pure-Go (CGO_ENABLED=0) → lx.MatchOrderCPU, portable to every arch. - Added DEXVM_GPU (default 0). DEXVM_GPU=1 fetches the per-arch unified lux-gpu (built by lux-private/gpu-kernels liblux-gpu.yml) and builds the plugin with CGO_ENABLED=1 so pkg/lx/orderbook_gpu.go links liblux_gpu (lux_gpu_dex_match_order + lux_gpu_backend_name) and runtime-selects CUDA/HIP/Metal, falling back to MatchOrderCPU. Missing lib is FATAL under DEXVM_GPU=1 (no silent CPU downgrade). Runtime stage now COPYs /usr/local/lib so the plugin's liblux_gpu.so is resolvable (no-op for the CPU image). - docker-gpu.yml: builds the GPU variant NATIVELY per-arch on the arcd GPU pools (arm64/spark-CUDA, amd64/evo-ROCm) — never cross-compiled, since a native GPU lib cannot be cross-linked — and fuses them into :<tag>-gpu. The plain CPU multi-arch image (docker.yml) is untouched. Co-authored-by: Hanzo Dev <dev@hanzo.ai>
2026-07-29 23:43:17 +00:00 · 2026-07-01 20:08:11 -07:00
489 changed files with 24676 additions and 19203 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# CI Status Check - 2025-09-23 23:30:58
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Triggering CI - Version 1.13.5 Ready
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+name: Lint proto files
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - 'proto/**/*.proto'
+      - '.github/workflows/buf-lint.yml'
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  buf-lint:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Check for .proto files
+        id: proto-check
+        run: |
+          if find proto -name '*.proto' -type f 2>/dev/null | grep -q .; then
+            echo "has_proto=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          else
+            echo "has_proto=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "No .proto files found — skipping buf-lint (node is ZAP-native by default; protobuf is opt-in)."
+          fi
+      - uses: bufbuild/buf-setup-action@v1
+        if: steps.proto-check.outputs.has_proto == 'true'
+        with:
+          github_token: ${{ github.token }}
+          version: "1.47.2"
+      - uses: bufbuild/buf-lint-action@v1
+        if: steps.proto-check.outputs.has_proto == 'true'
+        with:
+          input: "proto"
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ on:

 jobs:
  push:
-    runs-on: lux-build-amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: bufbuild/buf-setup-action@v1.31.0
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ jobs:
          TIMEOUT: ${{ env.TIMEOUT }}
          CGO_ENABLED: '0'
  Fuzz:
-    runs-on: lux-build-amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    env:
      GOPRIVATE: github.com/luxfi/*
      GONOSUMDB: github.com/luxfi/*
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ jobs:
  # e2e_pre_etna, e2e_post_etna, e2e_existing_network, Upgrade
  # These will be re-enabled once tmpnet is properly configured
  Lint:
-    runs-on: lux-build-amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    env:
      GOPRIVATE: github.com/luxfi/*
      GONOSUMDB: github.com/luxfi/*
@@ -94,9 +94,56 @@ jobs:
      - name: Run actionlint
        shell: bash
        run: scripts/actionlint.sh
+  buf-lint:
+    name: Protobuf Lint
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Install buf
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          BUF_VERSION="1.47.2"
+          curl -sSL "https://github.com/bufbuild/buf/releases/download/v${BUF_VERSION}/buf-Linux-x86_64" -o /usr/local/bin/buf
+          chmod +x /usr/local/bin/buf
+          buf --version
+      - name: Lint protobuf
+        shell: bash
+        run: buf lint proto
+  check_generated_protobuf:
+    name: Up-to-date protobuf
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    continue-on-error: true
+    env:
+      GOPRIVATE: github.com/luxfi/*
+      GONOSUMDB: github.com/luxfi/*
+      GOWORK: off
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup-go-for-project
+      - name: Configure Git for private modules
+        shell: bash
+        run: git config --global url."https://${{ github.token }}@github.com/".insteadOf "https://github.com/"
+      - name: Install buf
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          BUF_VERSION="1.47.2"
+          curl -sSL "https://github.com/bufbuild/buf/releases/download/v${BUF_VERSION}/buf-Linux-x86_64" -o /usr/local/bin/buf
+          chmod +x /usr/local/bin/buf
+      - name: Install protoc-gen-go tools
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          go install google.golang.org/protobuf/cmd/protoc-gen-go@v1.35.1
+          go install google.golang.org/grpc/cmd/protoc-gen-go-grpc@v1.3.0
+          go install connectrpc.com/connect/cmd/protoc-gen-connect-go@latest
+      - shell: bash
+        run: scripts/protobuf_codegen.sh
+        env:
+          CGO_ENABLED: '0'
+      - shell: bash
+        run: .github/workflows/check-clean-branch.sh
  check_mockgen:
    name: Up-to-date mocks
-    runs-on: lux-build-amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    continue-on-error: true
    env:
      GOPRIVATE: github.com/luxfi/*
@@ -116,7 +163,7 @@ jobs:
        run: .github/workflows/check-clean-branch.sh
  go_mod_tidy:
    name: Up-to-date go.mod and go.sum
-    runs-on: lux-build-amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    env:
      GOPRIVATE: github.com/luxfi/*
      GONOSUMDB: github.com/luxfi/*
@@ -133,7 +180,7 @@ jobs:
        run: .github/workflows/check-clean-branch.sh
  test_build_image:
    name: Image build
-    runs-on: lux-build-amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ on:
 jobs:
  analyze:
    name: Analyze
-    runs-on: lux-build-amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    permissions:
      actions: read
      contents: read
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+name: Docker (GPU variant)
+
+# Per-arch NATIVE build of the GPU-accelerated node image (DEXVM_GPU=1).
+#
+# The standard image (docker.yml) is pure-Go (CGO_ENABLED=0) and cross-compiles
+# arm64 on an amd64 runner — correct, because nothing native is linked. The GPU
+# variant is different: its D-Chain dexvm plugin links the per-arch native
+# liblux_gpu (lux_gpu_dex_match_order), and a native GPU lib CANNOT be
+# cross-linked. So each arch is built on the arcd pool that owns the matching
+# silicon and the matching liblux_gpu artifact from lux-private/gpu-kernels:
+#
+#   arm64 → spark (GB10, CUDA)  → lux-gpu-linux-arm64.tar.gz
+#   amd64 → evo   (ROCm, native-linux personality) → lux-gpu-linux-amd64.tar.gz
+#
+# Each job emits ghcr.io/luxfi/node:<tag>-gpu-<arch>; the manifest job fuses
+# them into ghcr.io/luxfi/node:<tag>-gpu. The plain (CPU) manifest is untouched.
+#
+# This is opt-in and separate from docker.yml on purpose: an operator that wants
+# GPU matching pulls :<tag>-gpu; everyone else pulls the portable CPU image.
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      tag:
+        description: 'version tag to build as the GPU variant, e.g. v1.33.1'
+        required: true
+      lux_gpu_version:
+        description: 'lux-private/gpu-kernels release providing the per-arch liblux_gpu'
+        required: false
+        default: 'v0.1.0'
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  packages: write
+  id-token: write
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - arch: arm64
+            runner: spark-lux-linux     # GB10 — CUDA host, native arm64
+            platform: linux/arm64
+          - arch: amd64
+            runner: evo-lux-linux        # Strix Halo — ROCm host, native amd64
+            platform: linux/amd64
+    name: node:gpu-${{ matrix.arch }} (native)
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
+
+      # NATIVE only — no QEMU, no cross. The GPU lib is per-arch; assert the
+      # runner arch matches the target before building.
+      - name: Assert native arch
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          host="$(uname -m)"
+          case "${{ matrix.arch }}" in
+            arm64) [ "$host" = "aarch64" ] || [ "$host" = "arm64" ] || { echo "::error::arm64 target on $host"; exit 1; } ;;
+            amd64) [ "$host" = "x86_64"  ] || { echo "::error::amd64 target on $host"; exit 1; } ;;
+          esac
+          echo "OK native ${{ matrix.arch }} on $host"
+
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+        with:
+          driver: docker-container
+          driver-opts: network=host
+
+      - name: Login to GHCR
+        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Resolve cross-repo PAT for private luxfi/* deps
+        id: pat
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GH_TOKEN }}
+          UNIVERSE_PAT: ${{ secrets.UNIVERSE_PAT }}
+        run: |
+          tok="$GH_TOKEN"; [ -z "$tok" ] && tok="$UNIVERSE_PAT"
+          [ -n "$tok" ] || { echo "::error::no GH_TOKEN/UNIVERSE_PAT for private luxfi deps"; exit 1; }
+          echo "::add-mask::$tok"
+          { echo "token<<EOF"; echo "$tok"; echo "EOF"; } >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+      # Single-arch, native build. DEXVM_GPU=1 + CGO_ENABLED=1 make the dexvm
+      # plugin link the per-arch liblux_gpu fetched inside the Dockerfile from
+      # the lux-gpu release. BUILDPLATFORM == TARGETPLATFORM (native) so the
+      # Dockerfile's cross-compile branch is never taken.
+      - name: Build & push GPU variant (native ${{ matrix.arch }})
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        with:
+          context: .
+          file: Dockerfile
+          platforms: ${{ matrix.platform }}
+          push: true
+          build-args: |
+            CGO_ENABLED=1
+            DEXVM_GPU=1
+            LUX_GPU_VERSION=${{ github.event.inputs.lux_gpu_version }}
+          secrets: |
+            ghtok=${{ steps.pat.outputs.token }}
+          tags: ghcr.io/luxfi/node:${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}-gpu-${{ matrix.arch }}
+
+  manifest:
+    needs: build
+    runs-on: [self-hosted, linux, amd64]
+    steps:
+      - name: Login to GHCR
+        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Fuse per-arch GPU images into one manifest
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          T="ghcr.io/luxfi/node:${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}-gpu"
+          docker manifest create "$T" "$T-amd64" "$T-arm64"
+          docker manifest push "$T"
+          echo "published $T (amd64 + arm64)"
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ permissions:

 jobs:
  fuzz:
-    runs-on: lux-build-amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    env:
      GOPRIVATE: github.com/luxfi/*
      GONOSUMDB: github.com/luxfi/*
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ permissions:

 jobs:
  MerkleDB:
-    runs-on: lux-build-amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    env:
      GOPRIVATE: github.com/luxfi/*
      GONOSUMDB: github.com/luxfi/*
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
    permissions:
      contents: read
      issues: write
-    runs-on: lux-build-amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: crazy-max/ghaction-github-labeler@548a7c3603594ec17c819e1239f281a3b801ab4d #v6.0.0
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ on:
    - cron: '0 0 * * 0' # Run every day at midnight UTC on Sunday
 jobs:
  stale:
-    runs-on: lux-build-amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/stale@v10
        with:
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ env:

 jobs:
  test-zapdb-replay:
-    runs-on: lux-build-amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ jobs:
          --api-admin-enabled=true 2>&1 | grep -E "(genesis-db|Genesis)" || true

  test-database-factory:
-    runs-on: lux-build-amd64
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -5,22 +5,6 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).

-## [1.36.31]
-
-### Fixed
- **`/v1/health` reported a chain the node denies exists.** The `bootstrapped` check publishes `chains.Nets.Bootstrapping()` verbatim as its message, but `Nets.chains` is keyed by **net** ID and the aggregate appended the map **key**, not the chain. Every primary-network chain that failed to converge therefore surfaced as the single ID `11111111111111111111111111111111LpoYY` — `constants.PrimaryNetworkID` (`ids.Empty`) — so an operator resolving it got "there is no chain with alias/ID", and N stuck chains collapsed into one indistinguishable entry (measured on devnet/testnet: `"message":["11111111111111111111111111111111LpoYY"],"contiguousFailures":3213`). The net owns the bootstrapping set, so the net now names its own chains: new `nets.Net.Bootstrapping() []ids.ID` (`nets/net.go`), and `chains/chains.go` aggregates those instead of the keys. `TestNetsBootstrappingReportsChainsNotNets` asserts `ids.Empty` never appears and that two stuck chains are individually named; `TestNetsBootstrapping` no longer asserts the bug (it demanded the net ID).
- Ships the GET `/v1/health` encoder fix from `dada5a31` (`{"healthy":…,"error":"health reply encode failed"}` on every node — jsonv2 has no representation for `apihealth.Result.Duration`), which was on `main` but had never been tagged.
-
-## [1.36.13]
-
-### Fixed
- **The durable rejoin fix (#66/#74) shipped INERT for the C-Chain — the exact chain whose 40h mainnet freeze motivated it.** `chains/manager.go` gated `expectsStakedBeacons` on `ids.IsNativeChain(chainParams.ID)` — the *blockchain* ID. But `ids.IsNativeChain` only matches the symbolic `111…C` alias form, and every deployed C/X/Q carries a **hash** blockchain ID (devnet C `21HieZng…`, mainnet C `2wRdZG…`); only the P-chain has a symbolic blockchain ID (`111…P`), and it is excluded as the platform chain. So `isNativeChain` was **always false** for the real C-Chain → `expectsStakedBeacons=false` → under the production `--skip-bootstrap=true` the beacon set was emptied → a behind C-Chain named its STALE local tip the frontier and never caught up (verified on devnet v1.36.12: C-Chain wedged at height 0 with "using empty beacons for single-node mode"). Fix: discriminate on the **validating Net** (`chainParams.ChainID == constants.PrimaryNetworkID`) via new `chainValidatesOnPrimaryNetwork`, which is `PrimaryNetworkID` for C/X/Q and each sovereign L1's own net ID for an L2 — so C/X/Q now keep their staked beacons under `--skip-bootstrap` (peer-sync a behind validator) while L2s keep the empty-beacon single-node path. Regression test `TestChainValidatesOnPrimaryNetwork_RealHashChainID` exercises the real discriminator with hash chain IDs (the prior hardcoded-bool tests could not catch this); `TestRED_EmptyStakedSetFailsSafe` still passes (forged-frontier gate intact).
-
-## [1.36.12]
-
-### Fixed
- **EVM chains (C/D/L2) failed to initialize on v1.36.11 — bundled VM plugins were built against a stale `luxfi/api`.** The node pins `luxfi/api v1.0.16`, whose `InitializeResponse` carries the appended `Capabilities uint64` field (Quasar-export handshake, api commit `1f2dc5a`). The image baked the C-Chain EVM plugin from `luxfi/evm@v1.104.8` and the D-Chain dexvm plugin from `luxfi/dex@v1.5.15`, both of which resolve `luxfi/api v1.0.15` (no `Capabilities`). Their `InitializeResponse.Encode` writes a shorter payload than the node's strict `InitializeResponse.Decode` expects, so `vms/rpcchainvm/zap/client.go` fails every EVM VM handshake with `zap decode initialize response: unexpected EOF`. Native VMs (P/X/Q) were unaffected. Fix: bump `EVM_VERSION` `v1.104.8 → v1.104.9` (api v1.0.16) and force `luxfi/api@v1.0.16` in the dexvm build stage. The api bump is code-free for plugins (`luxfi/chains v1.7.4 → v1.7.5` adopted it with a go.mod-only diff; `CHAINS_REF=v1.7.6` already carries v1.0.16). No node source change beyond the version bump — this is v1.36.11's node binary (durable rejoin fix, commit `63f61429d1`) rebuilt with plugin↔node ZAP-wire alignment.
-
 ## [1.28.0]

 ### Added
@@ -124,27 +124,22 @@ RUN --mount=type=secret,id=ghtok,required=false \
 # linked into the C-Chain plugin via github.com/luxfi/chains/evm/cevm
 # and become the default execution backend (parallel + GPU EVM).
 #
-# The release assets live in the PRIVATE lux-private/cevm repo, so the fetch is
-# authenticated with the same `ghtok` secret as the private go modules and
-# lux-accel above. Best-effort, like lux-accel: only a build that asks for the
-# cevm backend (EVM_CGO=1 below) actually needs these.
+# CI/RELEASE GAP: the luxcpp/cevm release artifacts MUST publish per-arch
+# tarballs at the URL below for both linux-x86_64 and linux-arm64. Until
+# those tarballs exist, builds with CGO_ENABLED=1 will fail at this step and
+# operators must build with CGO_ENABLED=0 (pure-Go fallback).
 ARG CGO_ENABLED=1
-ARG CEVM_VERSION=v0.51.10
-ARG CEVM_REPO=lux-private/cevm
-RUN --mount=type=secret,id=ghtok,required=false \
-    if [ "${CGO_ENABLED}" = "1" ]; then \
+ARG CEVM_VERSION=v0.19.0
+RUN if [ "${CGO_ENABLED}" = "1" ]; then \
        ARCH=$(echo ${TARGETPLATFORM} | cut -d / -f2) && \
        if [ "$ARCH" = "amd64" ]; then CEVM_ARCH="linux-x86_64"; else CEVM_ARCH="linux-arm64"; fi && \
-        AUTH=""; [ -s /run/secrets/ghtok ] && AUTH="--header=Authorization: Bearer $(cat /run/secrets/ghtok)"; \
-        ( wget -q ${AUTH:+"$AUTH"} \
-            "https://github.com/${CEVM_REPO}/releases/download/${CEVM_VERSION}/luxcpp-cevm-${CEVM_ARCH}.tar.gz" \
-            -O /tmp/cevm.tar.gz \
-          && tar -xzf /tmp/cevm.tar.gz -C /usr/local \
-          && rm /tmp/cevm.tar.gz \
-          && ldconfig 2>/dev/null \
-        ) || echo "WARN: cevm ${CEVM_VERSION} fetch skipped (unreachable; needed only when EVM_CGO=1)" ; \
+        wget -q "https://github.com/luxcpp/cevm/releases/download/${CEVM_VERSION}/luxcpp-cevm-${CEVM_ARCH}.tar.gz" \
+            -O /tmp/cevm.tar.gz && \
+        tar -xzf /tmp/cevm.tar.gz -C /usr/local && \
+        rm /tmp/cevm.tar.gz && \
+        ldconfig 2>/dev/null || true ; \
    else \
-        echo "CGO_ENABLED=0: skipping cevm fetch (pure-Go fallback build)" ; \
+        echo "CGO_ENABLED=0: skipping luxcpp/cevm fetch (pure-Go fallback build)" ; \
    fi

 # Build node. CGO_ENABLED=1 (default) links luxcpp/cevm for parallel + GPU EVM.
@@ -262,35 +257,7 @@ RUN . ./build_env.sh && \
 # failed ValidateState, and BRICKED the node. Proven on-node: real swap → kill -9 →
 # clean reboot, state intact. v1.99.40 = v1.99.39 + deps to latest. consensus v1.25.21 =
 # stake-weighted alpha-of-K quorum finality + per-height single-finalize + epoch-bound certs.
-# v1.104.9 bumps luxfi/api v1.0.15 -> v1.0.16 (indirect via luxfi/vm). v1.0.16
-# APPENDED InitializeResponse.Capabilities (uint64) for the Quasar-export
-# handshake (api commit 1f2dc5a). The node pins api v1.0.16 and DECODES that
-# field; an EVM plugin built at v1.104.8 (api v1.0.15) omits it, so the node's
-# strict struct decode hits "zap decode initialize response: unexpected EOF"
-# and EVERY EVM chain (C + L2s hanzo/zoo/pars/spc, all mgj786) fails to
-# initialize. The api bump is code-free for plugins (chains v1.7.4->v1.7.5
-# adopted it with a go.mod-only diff), so v1.104.9 = v1.104.8 + api alignment.
-# C-Chain execution backend. The default is the pure-Go EVM, which is what
-# every image has shipped so far. EVM_CGO=1 EVM_TAGS=cevm links luxcpp/cevm
-# instead — that pair is what makes AutoEVM resolve to CppEVM. The libraries
-# come from the cevm fetch in this same stage above.
-ARG EVM_CGO=0
-ARG EVM_TAGS=""
-
-# v1.104.22 realigns the plugin with THIS node's own go.mod: api v1.0.16 ->
-# v1.1.1, vm v1.2.6 -> v1.3.1, geth v1.17.12 -> v1.20.1. Node main pins api
-# v1.1.1, so pinning an evm at api v1.0.16 reintroduces the exact
-# InitializeResponse decode mismatch described above, just in the opposite
-# direction — keep this ARG and node's go.mod on the same api/vm/geth line.
-#
-# v1.104.14 is also the FIRST evm tag carrying the C-Chain fee-split seam
-# (core/fee_split.go creditTxFee + extras.FeeSplitTimestamp/FeeRewardVault).
-# Below it, encoding/json silently DISCARDS the genesis "feeSplitTimestamp"
-# key: a chain configured for the 50/50 split instead routes 100% of every fee
-# to the block coinbase and the reward vault 0x0100..0002 stays 0 forever, with
-# nothing burned. The split stays dormant wherever feeSplitTimestamp is absent
-# (mainnet), so this bump is behaviour-preserving there.
-ARG EVM_VERSION=v1.104.22
+ARG EVM_VERSION=v1.101.2
 ARG EVM_VM_ID=mgj786NP7uDwBCcq6YwThhaN8FLyybkCa4zBWTQbNgmK6k9A6
 # the pinned evm go.mod may pin a dead luxfi/upgrade pseudo-version
 # (v1.0.1-0.20260603055252-f51810805436 — commit pruned from origin). Heal it to
@@ -314,11 +281,11 @@ RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
    # byte-identity; DEX big.Rat + determinism). Pin chains v1.4.8 (warp
    # consolidated to one luxfi/warp helper; graphvm genesis-last-accepted fix)
    # to match the chain-VM plugin stage (CHAINS_REF) below.
-    go mod edit -require=github.com/luxfi/chains@v1.7.0 && \
+    go mod edit -require=github.com/luxfi/chains@v1.4.8 && \
    find /tmp/evm -name go.sum -exec sed -i -E '/^github.com\/(luxfi|hanzoai)\//d' {} + && \
    GOARCH=$(echo ${TARGETPLATFORM} | cut -d / -f2) \
-    CGO_ENABLED=${EVM_CGO} GOFLAGS=-mod=mod \
-    go build -ldflags="-s -w" -tags "${EVM_TAGS}" -o /luxd/build/plugins/${EVM_VM_ID} ./plugin && \
+    CGO_ENABLED=0 GOFLAGS=-mod=mod \
+    go build -ldflags="-s -w" -o /luxd/build/plugins/${EVM_VM_ID} ./plugin && \
    chmod +x /luxd/build/plugins/${EVM_VM_ID} && \
    rm -rf /tmp/evm

@@ -335,16 +302,16 @@ RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
 #   oraclevm     -> r5m1ujrmXxVcQetG3CQfuDLHp2RHKh6vCDaFgBRQfUcTZh7eS
 #   quantumvm    -> ry9Sg8rZdT26iEKvJDmC2wkESs4SDKgZEhk5BgLSwg1EpcNug
 #   relayvm      -> sP6dLqrrBR9w3soP18fbJ3YzZecZdD7DDdfH2cFhhLq7Hy9bz
-#   mpcvm        -> qCURact1n41FcoNBch8iMVBwc9AWie48D118ZNJ5tBdWrvryS
+#   thresholdvm  -> tGVBwRxpmD2aFdg3iYjgRvrCe8Jcmq9UNKxyHMus2NZ8WcD8t
 #   zkvm         -> vv3qPfyTVXZ5ArRZA9Jh4hbYDTBe43f7sgQg4CHfNg1rnnvX9

 # MUST track node's go.mod luxfi/chains (the D-Chain dexvm + 10 VM plugins).
 # Bump with every chains release or the bundled VM plugins go stale vs node's deps.
 # v1.4.7 == node go.mod's luxfi/chains pin: warp consolidated to ONE luxfi/warp
-# helper (bridgevm/zkvm/mpcvm), graphvm genesis-last-accepted fix, built on
+# helper (bridgevm/zkvm/thresholdvm), graphvm genesis-last-accepted fix, built on
 # evm v1.99.48 + precompile v0.16.0 (enable-everything builder surface). Keeps the
 # baked VM plugins in lockstep with the host node.
-ARG CHAINS_REF=v1.7.6
+ARG CHAINS_REF=v1.4.8
 RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
    git clone --depth 1 --branch ${CHAINS_REF} https://github.com/luxfi/chains.git /tmp/chains && \
    find /tmp/chains -name go.sum -exec sed -i -E '/^github.com\/(luxfi|hanzoai)\//d' {} +
@@ -378,25 +345,13 @@ RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
        -o /luxd/build/plugins/ry9Sg8rZdT26iEKvJDmC2wkESs4SDKgZEhk5BgLSwg1EpcNug ./cmd/plugin ) || echo "WARN: quantumvm plugin build skipped" ; \
    ( cd /tmp/chains/relayvm && CGO_ENABLED=0 GOFLAGS=-mod=mod go build -ldflags="-s -w" \
        -o /luxd/build/plugins/sP6dLqrrBR9w3soP18fbJ3YzZecZdD7DDdfH2cFhhLq7Hy9bz ./cmd/plugin ) || echo "WARN: relayvm plugin build skipped" ; \
-    ( cd /tmp/chains/mpcvm && CGO_ENABLED=0 GOFLAGS=-mod=mod go build -ldflags="-s -w" \
-        -o /luxd/build/plugins/qCURact1n41FcoNBch8iMVBwc9AWie48D118ZNJ5tBdWrvryS ./cmd/plugin ) || echo "WARN: mpcvm plugin build skipped" ; \
+    ( cd /tmp/chains/thresholdvm && CGO_ENABLED=0 GOFLAGS=-mod=mod go build -ldflags="-s -w" \
+        -o /luxd/build/plugins/tGVBwRxpmD2aFdg3iYjgRvrCe8Jcmq9UNKxyHMus2NZ8WcD8t ./cmd/plugin ) || echo "WARN: thresholdvm plugin build skipped" ; \
    ( cd /tmp/chains/zkvm && CGO_ENABLED=0 GOFLAGS=-mod=mod go build -ldflags="-s -w" \
        -o /luxd/build/plugins/vv3qPfyTVXZ5ArRZA9Jh4hbYDTBe43f7sgQg4CHfNg1rnnvX9 ./cmd/plugin ) || echo "WARN: zkvm plugin build skipped" ; \
    ( chmod +x /luxd/build/plugins/* 2>/dev/null || true ) && \
-    for p in \
-        juFxSrbCM4wszxddKepj1GWwmrn9YgN1g4n3VUWPpRo9JjERA \
-        kMhHABHM8j4bH94MCc4rsTNdo5E9En37MMyiujk4WdNxgXFsY \
-        nZQm4Dmg1rjX18rb8maL9gamYyXPf1xCvF7ymWzxp6a1nSQTt \
-        oR6tnZHezwogyf9fRnomNXC9ojwCEBAU6jdUzpgy2PB1tD7fM \
-        pJJCSV7hHYVY6TUZwR8qUPAfuhX8JLb2C1AzNSezrYNbgau8M \
-        r5m1ujrmXxVcQetG3CQfuDLHp2RHKh6vCDaFgBRQfUcTZh7eS \
-        ry9Sg8rZdT26iEKvJDmC2wkESs4SDKgZEhk5BgLSwg1EpcNug \
-        sP6dLqrrBR9w3soP18fbJ3YzZecZdD7DDdfH2cFhhLq7Hy9bz \
-        qCURact1n41FcoNBch8iMVBwc9AWie48D118ZNJ5tBdWrvryS \
-        vv3qPfyTVXZ5ArRZA9Jh4hbYDTBe43f7sgQg4CHfNg1rnnvX9 ; do \
-        test -s /luxd/build/plugins/$p \
-            || { echo "FATAL: required chain-VM plugin $p missing/empty — its build failed above (see the matching WARN line); the runtime-stage hard COPY would otherwise fail cryptically. Surface & fix the real Go build error, or remove the plugin from BOTH the build list and the runtime COPY."; exit 1; } ; \
-    done && \
+    test -s /luxd/build/plugins/kMhHABHM8j4bH94MCc4rsTNdo5E9En37MMyiujk4WdNxgXFsY \
+        || { echo "FATAL: bridgevm (B-Chain) plugin missing — the v1.30.16 regression would recur"; exit 1; } && \
    rm -rf /tmp/chains

 # ============= Native D-Chain DEX VM Plugin Stage ================
@@ -408,11 +363,18 @@ RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
 # REPLACES the former chains/dexvm proxy (which relayed clob_* over ZAP to a
 # standalone dchain-venue): there is no DexZapEndpoint and no standalone venue in
 # the trading path. cmd/dchain wraps the VM in the SAME rpc.Serve plugin harness
-# luxfi/evm boots through, and is pure-Go (CGO=0) — the optional GPU AMM
-# accelerator in pkg/lx is a separate concern gated by its own cuda/metal tags and
-# is NOT linked here. v1.5.10 is the first tag whose cmd/dchain builds CGO=0
+# luxfi/evm boots through. The STANDARD node builds this plugin pure-Go (CGO=0),
+# so its matcher is lx.MatchOrderCPU — the pure-Go oracle that works on every
+# arch with no native deps. GPU acceleration is OPT-IN via DEXVM_GPU=1 (below):
+# pkg/lx's single orderbook_gpu.go links the unified lux-gpu (liblux_gpu) and
+# runtime-selects CUDA/HIP/Metal, falling back to MatchOrderCPU when no device is
+# present — so the two paths are byte-equal by contract (orderbook_gpu_test.go).
+# Because lux-gpu is a per-arch native lib, the DEXVM_GPU variant CANNOT be
+# cross-compiled: it must be built on the matching arcd GPU pool (see the
+# per-arch GPU-variant build in .github/workflows/docker-gpu.yml). v1.5.10 is
+# the first tag whose cmd/dchain builds CGO=0
 # (drops the phantom dchain+cgo gate); v1.5.11 wires CLOB order ingestion over the
-# node HTTP router (VM.CreateHandlers -> /v1/bc/D/dex/<method>, pkg/dchain/ingest.go)
+# node HTTP router (VM.CreateHandlers -> /ext/bc/D/dex/<method>, pkg/dchain/ingest.go)
 # so an order POSTed to the node flows submitTx -> mempool -> consensus -> Verify
 # (match) -> Accept; v1.5.12 persists the head block so the VM survives a restart
 # once advanced past genesis (GetBlock(lastAccepted) no longer ErrNotFound);
@@ -424,25 +386,54 @@ RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
 # DB (every plugin VM via vm/rpc) — that stranded the native D-Chain order book
 # (rebuildBookFromDB folded empty -> 0 fills despite committed asks). v1.5.15 adds
 # the committed-state READ surface (clob_get_trades/orders/markets/book over
-# /v1/bc/D/dex/<method>, pkg/dchain/read.go): read-only JSON of the durable trade
+# /ext/bc/D/dex/<method>, pkg/dchain/read.go): read-only JSON of the durable trade
 # log / resting book / markets, served beside the writes with ZERO consensus
 # impact. Needed to VERIFY a fill replicated identically across validators (query
 # every node, diff the trade rows + head root) and to feed markets-display (native
 # fills are trade: rows). Bump with every dex release that changes the VM, like
 # CHAINS_REF for the other 10 VMs.
 ARG DEX_REF=v1.5.15
+
+# GPU-accelerated D-Chain matcher (opt-in). DEXVM_GPU=1 fetches the per-arch
+# unified lux-gpu (built natively on the arcd GPU pools by
+# lux-private/gpu-kernels' liblux-gpu.yml — CUDA/arm64 on spark, HIP/amd64 on
+# evo, Metal on the mac) and builds the dexvm plugin with CGO_ENABLED=1 so
+# pkg/lx/orderbook_gpu.go links liblux_gpu (lux_gpu_dex_match_order +
+# lux_gpu_backend_name). Default 0 = the portable pure-Go CPU matcher, unchanged.
+# The fetch is per-arch and best-effort in the same spirit as lux-accel above,
+# but for DEXVM_GPU=1 a MISSING lib is FATAL: an operator asking for the GPU
+# variant must get a GPU-linked plugin, not a silent CPU one. Do NOT set
+# DEXVM_GPU=1 in a cross-arch (BUILDPLATFORM != TARGETPLATFORM) build — a native
+# GPU lib cannot be cross-linked; build the GPU variant on the matching pool.
+ARG DEXVM_GPU=0
+ARG LUX_GPU_VERSION=v0.1.0
+RUN --mount=type=secret,id=ghtok,required=false \
+    if [ "${DEXVM_GPU}" = "1" ]; then \
+        ARCH=$(echo ${TARGETPLATFORM} | cut -d / -f2) && \
+        AUTH=""; [ -s /run/secrets/ghtok ] && AUTH="--header=Authorization: Bearer $(cat /run/secrets/ghtok)"; \
+        wget -q ${AUTH:+"$AUTH"} \
+            "https://github.com/lux-private/gpu-kernels/releases/download/${LUX_GPU_VERSION}/lux-gpu-linux-${ARCH}.tar.gz" \
+            -O /tmp/lux-gpu.tar.gz \
+          && tar -xzf /tmp/lux-gpu.tar.gz -C /usr/local \
+          && rm /tmp/lux-gpu.tar.gz \
+          && ldconfig 2>/dev/null || true; \
+        test -f /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/lux-gpu.pc \
+            || { echo "FATAL: DEXVM_GPU=1 but lux-gpu ${LUX_GPU_VERSION} (${ARCH}) unavailable — cannot build the GPU dexvm variant"; exit 1; }; \
+    else \
+        echo "DEXVM_GPU=0: dexvm builds pure-Go CPU matcher (no lux-gpu link)"; \
+    fi
+
 RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/go-build \
    git clone --depth 1 --branch ${DEX_REF} https://github.com/luxfi/dex.git /tmp/dex && \
    find /tmp/dex -name go.sum -exec sed -i -E '/^github.com\/(luxfi|hanzoai)\//d' {} + && \
    cd /tmp/dex && \
-    # Align the dexvm plugin's ZAP wire (luxfi/api) with the node. No dex release
-    # pins api v1.0.16 yet (all <=v1.5.20 carry v1.0.15), so force it here; the
-    # bump is code-free (adds InitializeResponse.Capabilities, capability-gated),
-    # so dexvm emits the field the node decodes -> no "unexpected EOF" on D-Chain.
-    go mod edit -require=github.com/luxfi/api@v1.0.16 && \
    . /build/build_env.sh && \
+    # DEXVM_GPU=1 → CGO on, orderbook_gpu.go links lux-gpu (pkg-config finds the
+    # per-arch lib fetched above). Default → CGO off, portable pure-Go matcher.
+    if [ "${DEXVM_GPU}" = "1" ]; then DEX_CGO=1; else DEX_CGO=0; fi && \
+    export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig:${PKG_CONFIG_PATH:-}" && \
    GOARCH=$(echo ${TARGETPLATFORM} | cut -d / -f2) \
-    CGO_ENABLED=0 GOFLAGS=-mod=mod \
+    CGO_ENABLED=${DEX_CGO} GOFLAGS=-mod=mod \
    go build -ldflags="-s -w" \
        -o /luxd/build/plugins/mDVT5EWMumBp3LCqvKwuyZQeY1VXr1jvjGNAt8nL4UFiXvqXr ./cmd/dchain && \
    chmod +x /luxd/build/plugins/mDVT5EWMumBp3LCqvKwuyZQeY1VXr1jvjGNAt8nL4UFiXvqXr && \
@@ -473,8 +464,12 @@ RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
    curl ca-certificates git \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

-# GPU crypto library (optional -- only present when built with CGO_ENABLED=1 + luxcpp).
-# Pure Go fallbacks are used when the library is absent.
+# Native GPU libraries (optional). /usr/local/lib exists (empty) on the builder
+# for the standard CGO_ENABLED=0 / DEXVM_GPU=0 image, so this COPY is a no-op
+# there. For the DEXVM_GPU=1 variant it carries the per-arch liblux_gpu.so that
+# the D-Chain dexvm plugin dynamically links; ldconfig then makes it resolvable.
+# Pure-Go fallbacks are used whenever the library is absent.
+COPY --from=builder /usr/local/lib/ /usr/local/lib/
 RUN ldconfig 2>/dev/null || true

 # Maintain compatibility with previous images.
@@ -502,7 +497,7 @@ COPY --from=builder \
    /luxd/build/plugins/r5m1ujrmXxVcQetG3CQfuDLHp2RHKh6vCDaFgBRQfUcTZh7eS \
    /luxd/build/plugins/ry9Sg8rZdT26iEKvJDmC2wkESs4SDKgZEhk5BgLSwg1EpcNug \
    /luxd/build/plugins/sP6dLqrrBR9w3soP18fbJ3YzZecZdD7DDdfH2cFhhLq7Hy9bz \
-    /luxd/build/plugins/qCURact1n41FcoNBch8iMVBwc9AWie48D118ZNJ5tBdWrvryS \
+    /luxd/build/plugins/tGVBwRxpmD2aFdg3iYjgRvrCe8Jcmq9UNKxyHMus2NZ8WcD8t \
    /luxd/build/plugins/vv3qPfyTVXZ5ArRZA9Jh4hbYDTBe43f7sgQg4CHfNg1rnnvX9 \
    /luxd/build/plugins/
 WORKDIR /luxd/build
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+# Lux Mainnet Launch Checklist
+
+Node: luxfi/node v1.24.11
+Consensus: Quasar (BLS+Corona, slashing, stake-weighted sampling)
+EVM: GPU ecrecover, 18 precompiles
+Genesis: networkID=1, startTime=2025-12-12T21:06:51Z (mainnet), networkID=2, startTime=2026-02-10T16:00:00Z (testnet)
+Precompile constraint: all activations MUST be after 2025-12-25
+
+---
+
+## Infrastructure
+
+| Environment | Cluster | DOKS ID | K8s Version | Namespace | Validators |
+|-------------|---------|---------|-------------|-----------|------------|
+| Testnet | do-sfo3-lux-test-k8s | `005ec3c4` | 1.35.1-do.0 | lux-testnet | 11 (target) |
+| Rehearsal | do-sfo3-lux-dev-k8s | `0ff340e1` | 1.35.1-do.0 | lux-devnet | 21 (target) |
+| Mainnet | do-sfo3-lux-k8s | `04c46df5` | 1.34.1-do.4 | lux-mainnet | 21 (target) |
+
+Current state: lux-k8s runs 5 validators (v1.23.31) via LuxNetwork CRD. Testnet cluster (lux-test-k8s) has a 3-replica StatefulSet (v1.23.40).
+
+Image: `ghcr.io/luxfi/node:v1.24.11` (built via CI/CD, linux/amd64+arm64)
+Staking keys: KMS at `kms.lux.network`, project `lux-infra`, synced via KMSSecret CRD
+Secrets: never in manifests, never in env files, never committed
+Genesis configs: `/Users/z/work/lux/genesis/configs/{testnet,mainnet,devnet}/`
+K8s manifests: `/Users/z/work/lux/universe/k8s/`
+Profiles: `standard.json` (~100MB/node), `max.json` (~512MB/node)
+
+Bootstrappers:
+- Mainnet: 5 seeds (ports 9631) -- `209.38.118.46`, `209.38.174.69`, `24.144.69.101`, `134.199.187.56`, `143.198.246.173`
+- Testnet: 2 seeds (ports 9641) -- `134.199.187.16`, `209.38.174.84`
+
+Consensus parameters (mainnet): K=20, AlphaPreference=15, AlphaConfidence=15, Beta=20, ConcurrentPolls=4
+
+Tokenomics: 10B total supply (9 decimals), min validator stake 1M LUX, min delegator stake 25K LUX, combined staking allowed (NFT+delegation), 80% uptime threshold
+
+C-Chain: chainId=96369 (mainnet), 96368 (testnet), gasLimit=12M, targetBlockRate=2s, minBaseFee=25gwei
+
+---
+
+## Phase 1: Testnet (lux-test-k8s, networkID=2)
+
+Target: validate all consensus, EVM, and staking behavior with K=11 validators.
+
+### 1.1 Deployment
+
+- [ ] Update LuxNetwork CRD in `universe/k8s/lux-k8s/validators/statefulset.yaml` (testnet section): `validators: 11`, `image.tag: v1.24.11`
+- [ ] Update lux-test-k8s StatefulSet in `universe/k8s/lux-test-k8s/testnet/statefulset.yaml`: replicas=11, image=v1.24.11
+- [ ] Generate 11 staking key pairs via `lux cli` and store in KMS (`lux-infra/testnet/staking/`)
+- [ ] Add 9 new bootstrapper entries to `genesis/configs/testnet/bootstrappers.json` (currently 2)
+- [ ] Apply `max.json` profile for testnet validators (512MB/node for stress testing headroom)
+- [ ] Regenerate testnet genesis with 11 initial validators via `genesis` tool
+- [ ] Verify all precompile activation timestamps are after 2025-12-25
+- [ ] Deploy via PaaS (platform.hanzo.ai), not manual kubectl
+- [ ] Verify all 11 pods reach Running state
+- [ ] Verify all 11 nodes report healthy via `/ext/health/liveness`
+
+### 1.2 Bootstrap and Connectivity
+
+- [ ] Verify all 11 validators discover each other via P2P (check `info.peers` RPC, expect 10 peers per node)
+- [ ] Verify staking port 9641 reachable between all pods (`luxd-{0..10}.luxd-headless.testnet.svc.cluster.local:9641`)
+- [ ] Verify P-chain bootstraps and all validators appear in `platform.getCurrentValidators`
+- [ ] Verify C-chain bootstraps and produces blocks
+- [ ] Verify X-chain bootstraps and processes UTXO transactions
+
+### 1.3 Quasar Consensus Verification
+
+- [ ] Submit transactions, verify Quasar finalization with K=11
+- [ ] Verify BLS aggregate signatures in block headers
+- [ ] Verify Corona optimistic fast path activates when all 11 validators are online
+- [ ] Measure finality latency (target: sub-second with Corona)
+- [ ] Verify stake-weighted sampling: validators with more stake get polled proportionally
+
+### 1.4 EVM Execution
+
+- [ ] Deploy a test contract, call all standard opcodes
+- [ ] Submit 100 sequential transactions, verify correct nonce ordering
+- [ ] Verify `eth_call` and `eth_estimateGas` return correct results
+- [ ] Verify block gas limit is 12M (from cchain.json config)
+- [ ] Verify minBaseFee=25gwei is enforced
+
+### 1.5 GPU ecrecover
+
+- [ ] Verify GPU backend auto-detection: CUDA on Linux DOKS nodes, Metal on macOS
+- [ ] Run ecrecover-heavy workload (1000 signature verifications per block)
+- [ ] Compare ecrecover throughput: GPU vs CPU fallback
+- [ ] Verify graceful fallback to CPU when GPU unavailable (set `--gpu-backend=cpu`)
+
+### 1.6 Precompiles (all 18)
+
+- [ ] Test each precompile individually via contract calls
+- [ ] Verify DEX precompile (LP-9010 PoolManager): pool creation, swaps, flash loans
+- [ ] Verify DEX router precompile (LP-9012): multi-hop routing
+- [ ] Verify all precompile addresses are deterministic and match spec
+- [ ] Verify precompile gas metering is correct (no underpriced or overpriced ops)
+- [ ] Verify precompiles revert correctly on invalid input
+
+### 1.7 Slashing
+
+- [ ] Craft equivocation evidence: have a validator sign two different blocks at same height
+- [ ] Submit equivocation proof to P-chain slashing precompile
+- [ ] Verify slashed validator's stake is burned
+- [ ] Verify slashed validator is removed from active set
+- [ ] Verify honest validators are unaffected
+
+### 1.8 Uptime and Rewards
+
+- [ ] Stop 1 validator (scale pod to 0)
+- [ ] Wait for reward period to elapse
+- [ ] Verify stopped validator's uptime drops below 80%
+- [ ] Verify rewards are withheld for the stopped validator
+- [ ] Restart the validator, verify it re-bootstraps and resumes
+- [ ] Verify validators with >80% uptime receive expected rewards
+
+### 1.9 Stress Test
+
+- [ ] Run stress test: maximum TPS with 1B gas blocks (increase gas limit temporarily)
+- [ ] Measure sustained TPS over 1 hour (target: verify consensus is the bottleneck, not EVM)
+- [ ] Monitor memory usage per node (should stay within `max.json` profile ~512MB)
+- [ ] Monitor disk I/O and database growth rate
+- [ ] Verify no consensus stalls under load
+- [ ] Verify block production rate stays at targetBlockRate=2s
+
+### 1.10 Validator Join/Leave
+
+- [ ] Add a 12th validator via `platform.addPermissionlessValidator` (permissionless staking)
+- [ ] Verify new validator bootstraps from existing state
+- [ ] Verify new validator begins participating in consensus
+- [ ] Remove a validator via unstaking (wait for stake period to end or use testnet short periods)
+- [ ] Verify removed validator exits gracefully
+- [ ] Verify remaining validators continue producing blocks
+
+### 1.11 Formal Verification
+
+- [ ] Run Lean proofs for Quasar consensus safety and liveness
+- [ ] Run TLA+ model checker for consensus state machine
+- [ ] Run Tamarin prover for BLS+Corona security properties
+- [ ] Run Halmos for EVM precompile correctness (symbolic execution)
+- [ ] All proofs pass with zero counterexamples
+
+---
+
+## Phase 2: Mainnet Rehearsal (lux-dev-k8s, networkID=3)
+
+Target: full mainnet simulation with real parameters for 72 hours.
+
+### 2.1 Deployment
+
+- [ ] Update LuxNetwork CRD (devnet section): `validators: 21`, `image.tag: v1.24.11`
+- [ ] Generate 21 staking key pairs, store in KMS (`lux-infra/devnet/staking/`)
+- [ ] Use mainnet genesis parameters (networkID=3, but same tokenomics, same stake amounts)
+- [ ] Apply `max.json` profile
+- [ ] Deploy via PaaS
+- [ ] Verify all 21 pods healthy
+
+### 2.2 Real Staking Parameters
+
+- [ ] Configure minimum validator stake: 1M LUX
+- [ ] Configure minimum delegator stake: 25K LUX
+- [ ] Configure max delegation ratio: 10x
+- [ ] Configure NFT staking tiers (Genesis 500K/2x, Pioneer 750K/1.5x, Standard 1M/1x)
+- [ ] Verify combined staking logic: NFT value + delegation + staked >= 1M
+- [ ] Verify B-chain validators require 100M LUX + KYC
+
+### 2.3 72-Hour Soak Test
+
+- [ ] Start clock. Record block height and timestamp.
+- [ ] Continuous transaction load: 50 TPS sustained
+- [ ] Monitor: CPU, memory, disk, network per node (Prometheus + Grafana via PaaS)
+- [ ] Monitor: consensus latency p50/p95/p99
+- [ ] Monitor: block production rate (target: 1 block per 2s)
+- [ ] Monitor: peer count stability (all 21 connected)
+- [ ] Monitor: no OOMKills, no pod restarts, no crashloops
+- [ ] At hour 24: rolling restart of 5 validators (verify zero downtime)
+- [ ] At hour 48: simulate network partition (isolate 7 nodes), verify chain halts (< 2/3 online)
+- [ ] Restore partition, verify chain resumes within 30s
+- [ ] At hour 72: record final block height, calculate actual vs expected blocks
+- [ ] Pass criteria: zero consensus faults, zero data loss, <1% block time variance
+
+### 2.4 Security Audit
+
+- [ ] External security audit firm engaged (Red team)
+- [ ] Audit scope: consensus, EVM, precompiles, staking, slashing, P2P networking
+- [ ] Audit result: 0 critical findings, 0 high findings
+- [ ] All medium findings remediated or accepted with documented risk
+- [ ] Audit report signed and archived
+
+### 2.5 Bridge / Teleport (B-Chain + T-Chain)
+
+- [ ] Deploy MPC threshold signing (5 nodes, threshold 3) in `lux-mpc` namespace
+- [ ] Deploy bridge UI and API in `lux-bridge` namespace
+- [ ] Verify CGGMP21 keygen: 5 parties generate shared key
+- [ ] Verify threshold signing: 3-of-5 produces valid signature
+- [ ] Test cross-chain transfer: lock on source chain, mint on Lux
+- [ ] Test reverse: burn on Lux, unlock on source chain
+- [ ] Verify MPC API at `mpc-api.lux.network` responds
+- [ ] Verify bridge handles partial MPC node failure (2 down, 3 still sign)
+
+### 2.6 DEX (D-Chain + Precompiles)
+
+- [ ] Deploy DEX precompile PoolManager (LP-9010) -- already active from genesis
+- [ ] Deploy DEX Router precompile (LP-9012) -- already active from genesis
+- [ ] Deploy off-chain CLOB matching engine
+- [ ] Create liquidity pool via precompile
+- [ ] Execute swap via router precompile
+- [ ] Verify AMM pricing matches expected curve
+- [ ] Verify flash loan execution and repayment
+- [ ] Test CLOB: place limit order, verify fill
+- [ ] Verify DEX on lux.exchange frontend connects to devnet
+
+---
+
+## Phase 3: Mainnet Launch (lux-k8s, networkID=1)
+
+Target: production network with real value.
+
+### 3.1 Pre-launch
+
+- [ ] All Phase 1 items passed
+- [ ] All Phase 2 items passed
+- [ ] Security audit sign-off received
+- [ ] Formal verification suite green
+- [ ] Legal review complete (terms of service, validator agreements)
+- [ ] Incident response runbook written and tested
+
+### 3.2 Genesis Ceremony
+
+- [ ] Final genesis config reviewed: `genesis/configs/mainnet/genesis.json` (networkID=1)
+- [ ] Genesis startTime confirmed: 2025-12-12T21:06:51Z
+- [ ] Initial allocations verified (500M initial + unlock schedule)
+- [ ] All 5 bootstrapper IPs confirmed reachable on port 9631
+- [ ] Genesis hash computed and published to lux.network
+- [ ] Genesis block signed by founding validators
+
+### 3.3 Validator Onboarding
+
+- [ ] Update LuxNetwork CRD (mainnet section): `validators: 21`, `image.tag: v1.24.11`
+- [ ] Scale from 5 current validators to 21
+- [ ] Generate 16 new staking key pairs in KMS (`lux-infra/mainnet/staking/`)
+- [ ] Update bootstrappers.json with all 21 validator endpoints
+- [ ] Deploy via PaaS with rolling update strategy
+- [ ] Verify all 21 validators healthy and in consensus
+- [ ] Publish validator onboarding guide for external operators
+- [ ] Open permissionless staking after initial stabilization period
+
+### 3.4 Public RPC Endpoints
+
+- [ ] Deploy KrakenD API gateway in `lux-gateway` namespace
+- [ ] Configure rate limiting per IP and per API key
+- [ ] Configure Cloudflare DNS (proxied, full SSL):
+  - `api.lux.network` -> gateway (C-chain + P-chain + X-chain RPC)
+  - `ws.lux.network` -> gateway (WebSocket subscriptions)
+- [ ] Verify `eth_chainId` returns `0x17871` (96369)
+- [ ] Verify `net_version` returns `96369`
+- [ ] Verify RPC endpoints handle 10K req/s without degradation
+- [ ] Verify WebSocket subscriptions for `newHeads`, `logs`, `pendingTransactions`
+
+### 3.5 Explorer Deployment
+
+- [ ] Deploy explorer (luxfi/explorer) in `lux-explorer` namespace (already has manifests for 5 chains)
+- [ ] Configure for C-chain (chainId 96369)
+- [ ] Configure indexers for all active chains
+- [ ] Configure Cloudflare DNS: `explore.lux.network`
+- [ ] Verify block display, transaction search, contract verification
+- [ ] Deploy exchange frontend: `lux.exchange`
+
+### 3.6 Bridge Activation
+
+- [ ] Deploy MPC production cluster (5 nodes, threshold 3)
+- [ ] Generate production MPC keys (CGGMP21 keygen ceremony)
+- [ ] Store MPC key shares in KMS (`lux-infra/mainnet/mpc/`)
+- [ ] Deploy bridge contracts on supported chains (ETH, BNB, Polygon, Arbitrum, Base, Optimism)
+- [ ] Deploy bridge UI at bridge domain
+- [ ] Configure Cloudflare DNS
+- [ ] Enable deposits (one chain at a time, small limits first)
+- [ ] Monitor for 24h, then raise limits
+
+### 3.7 Post-Launch Monitoring
+
+- [ ] Prometheus + Grafana dashboards live (via PaaS o11y stack)
+- [ ] Alerts configured:
+  - Validator down (any pod not Ready for >5min)
+  - Consensus stall (no new block for >30s)
+  - Peer count drop (any node <15 peers)
+  - Memory usage >80% of limit
+  - Disk usage >70%
+  - Error rate >1% on RPC endpoints
+- [ ] On-call rotation established
+- [ ] Runbook covers: validator restart, chain halt recovery, emergency upgrade, key rotation
+
+---
+
+## Port Reference
+
+| Network | HTTP | Staking | Metrics |
+|---------|------|---------|---------|
+| Mainnet | 9630 | 9631 | 9090 |
+| Testnet | 9640 | 9641 | 9090 |
+| Devnet | 9650 | 9651 | 9090 |
+
+## Chain IDs
+
+| Chain | Mainnet | Testnet | Devnet |
+|-------|---------|---------|--------|
+| C-Chain | 96369 | 96368 | 96370 |
+| Zoo EVM | 200200 | 200201 | 200202 |
+| Hanzo EVM | 36963 | 36964 | 36964 |
+| SPC EVM | 36911 | 36910 | 36912 |
+| Pars EVM | 494949 | 7071 | 494951 |
+
+## File References
+
+| What | Path |
+|------|------|
+| Node source | `~/work/lux/node/` |
+| Genesis configs | `~/work/lux/genesis/configs/{mainnet,testnet,devnet}/` |
+| Chain configs | `~/work/lux/genesis/configs/chain-configs/` |
+| K8s manifests | `~/work/lux/universe/k8s/` |
+| Validator CRD | `~/work/lux/universe/k8s/lux-k8s/validators/statefulset.yaml` |
+| Testnet StatefulSet | `~/work/lux/universe/k8s/lux-test-k8s/testnet/statefulset.yaml` |
+| Node profiles | `~/work/lux/node/config/profiles/{standard,max}.json` |
+| Tokenomics config | `~/work/lux/node/config/tokenomics.go` |
+| GPU config | `~/work/lux/node/config/gpu.go` |
+| Health/consensus params | `~/work/lux/node/config/health.go` |
+| Network registry | `~/work/lux/universe/NETWORKS.yaml` |
@@ -10,24 +10,3 @@ For the canonical Lux IP and licensing strategy, see:

 For commercial inquiries that go beyond BSD-3 (e.g. private moat
 acceleration kernels), contact `licensing@lux.network`.
-
-## Upstream attribution
-
-See [NOTICE](NOTICE) for the full attribution. In summary:
-
- **avalanchego** (Ava Labs, Inc.) — this repository is derived from
-  [ava-labs/avalanchego](https://github.com/ava-labs/avalanchego), licensed
-  under the **BSD 3-Clause License** (© 2019 Ava Labs, Inc.). BSD-3 is
-  permissive; the Lux additions here are likewise BSD-3-Clause.
- **go-ethereum** (The go-ethereum Authors) — EVM support derives from
-  [go-ethereum](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum). It is **not**
-  vendored in-tree; it is consumed as the external Go module
-  `github.com/luxfi/geth`, which retains go-ethereum's original licenses:
-  the library is **LGPL-3.0-or-later** and the command-line tools are
-  **GPL-3.0**.
-
-**Copyleft flag:** the LGPL-3.0/GPL-3.0 terms of the go-ethereum-derived code
-(via `github.com/luxfi/geth`) are **not** superseded by this repository's
-BSD-3-Clause license. Distributing compiled node binaries must honor LGPL-3.0
-for the linked geth library (published source of that code and its
-modifications at <https://github.com/luxfi/geth>, and user ability to relink).
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ selection, and EVM contract auth.
 ### Where to look for X
 - Profile resolve at boot: `node/node.go:initSecurityProfile`
 - Profile RPC + REST + metrics: `service/security/`
-  - JSON-RPC namespace: `security` at `POST /v1/security`
+  - JSON-RPC namespace: `security` at `POST /ext/security`
    (methods `securityProfile`, `blockSecurity`)
-  - REST sidecars: `GET /v1/security/profile`, `GET /v1/security/block/{n}`
-  - Prometheus gauges: `/v1/metrics` under the `security_*` family
+  - REST sidecars: `GET /ext/security/profile`, `GET /ext/security/block/{n}`
+  - Prometheus gauges: `/ext/metrics` under the `security_*` family
 - Peer scheme gate: `network/peer/scheme_gate.go`
 - Classical-compat registry: `vms/txs/auth/policy.go`
 - Mempool gate (P-Chain): `vms/platformvm/mempool/*.go`
@@ -85,29 +85,6 @@ selection, and EVM contract auth.

 ## FeePolicy — canonical user-tx fee gate

-> **Topology + UTXO ownership + cross-chain fee model** are normatively
-> specified by [**LP-0130** (Chain Topology, UTXO Ownership, and Fee
-> Model)](https://github.com/luxfi/lps/blob/main/LPs/lp-0130-chain-topology-utxo-ownership-and-fee-model.md).
-> Read that LP before touching any VM's fee/settlement path or any
-> cross-chain import/export flow. In particular:
->
-> - Only **P** and **X** are canonical UTXO state machines (LP-0130 §2).
-> - **X** is the money rail; **P** is the staking/reward rail; **LUX**
->   is the fee currency everywhere (LP-0130 §3, §5).
-> - **Q-Chain has no user-payable blockspace** — finality is a
->   validator obligation paid via P (LP-0130 §6). `quantumvm` MUST
->   use `NoUserTxPolicy{}` — enforced in chains/quantumvm/feegate.go as of 2026-07-03.
-> - **M-Chain fees are service fees** deducted from the originating
->   chain's fee pool, not a user M-balance (LP-0130 §7). `mpcvm`
->   already runs `NoUserTxPolicy{}` — correct.
-> - **B-Chain fees** are deducted from the bridged amount (LP-0130 §8).
-> - Every non-P/X chain settles worker rewards to X (asset payouts) or
->   P (staker rewards) via epoch fee roots reconciled at Q finality
->   (LP-0130 §4, §11).
-> - **Σ-escrow invariant** (LP-0130 I-8): `Σ non-P/X fee balances ==
->   Σ X-side fee escrow` at every Q checkpoint. Drift is a
->   finality-blocking fault.
-
 Every Lux VM that accepts user-submitted txs declares a `fee.Policy`
 (package `vms/types/fee`). There is one interface and one validator —
 no per-VM bespoke fee structs.
@@ -120,14 +97,14 @@ no per-VM bespoke fee structs.
 | zkvm | Z-Chain | user-tx | `FlatPolicy{Fee: MinTxFeeFloor, ...}` |
 | aivm | A-Chain | user-tx | `FlatPolicy{Fee: MinTxFeeFloor, ...}` |
 | keyvm | K-Chain | user-tx | `FlatPolicy{Fee: MinTxFeeFloor, ...}` |
-| bridgevm | B-Chain | user-tx | `FlatPolicy{Fee: MinTxFeeFloor, ...}` (deducted from bridged amount, LP-0130 §8) |
-| quantumvm | Q-Chain | **service-only** (LP-0130 §6) | `NoUserTxPolicy{}` — validator obligation, no user-payable blockspace |
+| bridgevm | B-Chain | user-tx | `FlatPolicy{Fee: MinTxFeeFloor, ...}` |
+| quantumvm | Q-Chain | user-tx | `FlatPolicy{Fee: MinTxFeeFloor, ...}` |
 | identityvm | I-Chain | user-tx | `FlatPolicy{Fee: MinTxFeeFloor, ...}` |
-| mpcvm | M-Chain | service-only (LP-0130 §7) | `NoUserTxPolicy{}` — fees pulled from originating chain's fee pool |
+| thresholdvm | M-Chain | service-only | `NoUserTxPolicy{}` |
 | oraclevm | O-Chain | service-only | `NoUserTxPolicy{}` |
 | relayvm | R-Chain | service-only | `NoUserTxPolicy{}` |
 | graphvm | G-Chain | read-only | `NoUserTxPolicy{}` (GraphQL refuses `mutation`) |
-| evm | C-Chain | user-tx | native EVM gas (gas * gasPrice >= 0 enforced upstream); balance is X-imported LUX (LP-0130 §10) |
+| evm | C-Chain | user-tx | native EVM gas (gas * gasPrice >= 0 enforced upstream) |
 | platformvm | P-Chain | user-tx | native `TxFee` field on Config |
 | avm | X-Chain | user-tx | native `TxFee` field on Config |

@@ -158,141 +135,6 @@ charge less.
 - Relay (R-Chain): `~/work/lux/relay/vm/feegate.go` (re-exported by `~/work/lux/chains/relayvm/`)
 - Graph (G-Chain): `~/work/lux/chains/graphvm/feegate.go` (read-only; NoUserTxPolicy)

-## C-Chain tx-fee routing — RewardManager to DAO Safe (P-Chain: NO CHANGE)
-
-Owner tokenomics pivoted: **100% of C-Chain tx fees accrue to the chain's DAO Gov
-Safe** via the existing `rewardmanager` precompile (C-Chain only). This needs **no
-P-Chain change** — routing is `GetCoinbaseAt` → reward address on the C-Chain. See
-`~/work/lux/evm/LLM.md` → "C-Chain Tx-Fee Routing — RewardManager". The P-Chain
-`feeRewardPool` fold-in below is **NOT built** (design-only, superseded); no
-`vms/platformvm/state` change was made.
-
-<details><summary>Superseded design — 50/50 burn + P-Chain staking-reward fold (dormant option)</summary>
-
-If the DAO ever chooses an in-protocol 50/50 split, the C-Chain half exists (dormant,
-`FeeSplitTimestamp` gated off) and the P-Chain fold-in would be: system-triggered epoch
-export of the C-Chain vault C→P → persisted `feeRewardPool` in `vms/platformvm/state`
-(mirror the `accruedFees` singleton, upgrade-safe) → pro-rata payout at
-`vms/platformvm/txs/executor/proposal_tx_executor.go` `rewardValidatorTx` (~line 285),
-unified into `PotentialReward`, NO second mint → decrement `currentSupply` by the epoch
-burn. Model R1 (move-not-mint), conservation-exact; R2 (burn+re-mint) rejected.
-</details>
-
-## v1.36.12 fleet rollout — durable rejoin fix + RewardManager→DAO Safe (IN PROGRESS 2026-07-15)
-
-Rolling the durable rejoin fix (node `63f61429d1`) across all Lux nets, gated
-devnet→testnet→mainnet, + activating RewardManager fees. Two hard facts were found
-on the devnet canary that change the naive "swap image" plan:
-
-**BLOCKER (fixed in v1.36.12): published `node:v1.36.11` (digest `c3cf92a6`) cannot
-run ANY EVM chain.** Its baked VM plugins were built against a stale `luxfi/api`:
-C-Chain EVM from `luxfi/evm@v1.104.8` and D-Chain dexvm from `luxfi/dex@v1.5.15`
-both resolve `api v1.0.15`; the node pins `api v1.0.16`, which APPENDED
-`InitializeResponse.Capabilities` (Quasar-export handshake, api `1f2dc5a`). Node
-decodes the field, stale plugins never encode it → `vms/rpcchainvm/zap/client.go`
-fails every EVM `Initialize` with `zap decode initialize response: unexpected EOF`.
-Native VMs (P/X/Q) unaffected. **Fix = v1.36.12** (this repo, tag pushed, ARC docker
-build run 29381442539): `EVM_VERSION v1.104.8→v1.104.9`, force `api@v1.0.16` in the
-dexvm build stage; `CHAINS_REF=v1.7.6` was already v1.0.16. Node binary unchanged
-(still the durable fix). api bump is code-free for plugins (`chains v1.7.4→v1.7.5`
-adopted it go.mod-only). **Roll v1.36.12, NOT v1.36.11.** (Also: `api 1f2dc5a` added
-`Capabilities` WITHOUT bumping `version.RPCChainVMProtocol` (42) → skew is invisible
-at handshake, only fails at Initialize decode. Consider bumping the protocol next
-api-wire change so skews fail fast.)
-
-**MIGRATION: v1.36.2→v1.36.x is a P-Chain codec change (linearcodec→ZAP-native),
-one-time DB wipe + re-bootstrap.** v1.36.11/12 cannot read a v1.36.2 P-Chain zapdb
-(`loadMetadata: feeState: zap: invalid magic bytes`; `state_commit.go:116` "database
-must be wiped"). Recovery = wipe `/data/db`+`/data/chainData`, re-bootstrap from
-peers. **Cross-version bootstrap (v1.36.11 node ← v1.36.2 peers) is PROVEN working**
-(devnet luxd-1: P/X re-bootstrapped from the 4 v1.36.2 peers). Devnet startup got a
-marker-gated one-time wipe (`/data/.zap-native-migrated`): absent→wipe+set marker,
-present→NO wipe (the durable-fix no-wipe restart path). mainnet/testnet/zoo use
-`startup.sh` which already has `.wipe-cchain` (C-Chain only) + `.allow-bootstrap`
-(flips skip-bootstrap=false + EVM state-sync); for the codec migration the P-Chain
-zapdb (`/data/db`) must also be cleared. **Mainnet C-Chain is 1.08M blocks → MUST
-enable EVM state-sync for the re-sync (full replay is too slow); native VMs are tiny.**
-
-**Durable fix (`63f61429d1`):** discriminator for keeping the staked beacon set is
-SYBIL-PROTECTION, not `--skip-bootstrap`. So a behind validator on a sybil-protected
-net catches up from peers even with `--skip-bootstrap=true` (which prod hardcodes),
-no wipe. Devnet added `--skip-bootstrap=true` to the inline cmd to exercise this.
-
-**RewardManager (C-Chain precompile, per-net `cchain-upgrade.json` → append one
-`precompileUpgrades` entry, dated `blockTimestamp`):** proven testnet shape is
-`{"rewardManagerConfig":{"blockTimestamp":<ts>,"adminAddresses":["<admin>"],
-"initialRewardConfig":{"rewardAddress":"<reward>"}}}`. Reward addr = coinbase; 100%
-fees land there, blackhole `0x0100…00` goes flat. Addresses: **testnet ALREADY LIVE**
-(reward `0xEAbCC110fAcBfebabC66Ad6f9E7B67288e720B59`, admin `0x9011…94714`); **mainnet**
-reward+admin = DAO Gov Safe `0x8E29b816c6C35b13cE1ff68D33E245C2bda8ac3D`; **zoo**
-reward `0x229599f227231d8C90fcF1a78589F5DC4b7A6962`; **devnet** reward
-`0x8d5081153aE1cfb41f5c932fe0b6Beb7E159cF84` (idx2), admin `0x9011…94714` (idx0).
-Source ConfigMaps: devnet `luxd-chain-upgrades/cchain-upgrade.json`; mainnet+testnet
-`luxd-startup/cchain-upgrade.json`; zoo `zood-mv-genesis/upgrade.json` (`--upgrade-file`).
-
-**Rollout levers (lux-operator is scaled 0/0 — sts/cm are the live source of truth;
-CRs are STALE, do not scale operator up mid-roll):** ports devnet 9650 / testnet 9640
-/ mainnet 9630 / zoo 9630; RPC path `/v1/bc/C/rpc`; container `luxd` (`zood` on zoo).
-Devnet uses an inline generated cmd; testnet/mainnet/zoo use `/scripts/startup.sh`.
-**Zoo `zood-mv` trap: RollingUpdate + hardcoded `--skip-bootstrap=true` with NO
-`.allow-bootstrap` gate → switch to OnDelete BEFORE rolling.** Lux sts are OnDelete.
-Master funded key = LUX_MNEMONIC (secret `lux-deployer`) idx0 `0x9011…94714`;
-`genesis/cmd/derivekey -mnemonic "$M"` (path m/44'/9000'/0'/0/i, `CGO_ENABLED=0`).
-
-**Per-node roll protocol (ALL nets, one at a time, NEVER 2 mainnet down — quorum
-4/5):** set sts image v1.36.12 (+ rewardManager cm edit) → delete ONE pod → WAIT
-until it is back at **TIP HEIGHT matching the others** (NOT pod-Ready; a wedged node
-false-reports Ready) AND C-Chain serves RPC → only then the next. If any node fails
-to return to tip, STOP that net and report.
-
-**State at pause:** v1.36.12 tag pushed + ARC build dispatched (run 29381442539).
-Devnet sts = v1.36.11 + skip-bootstrap + wipe-marker; luxd-1 migrated (P/X up on
-v1.36.11, C-Chain down = the plugin bug → will heal on v1.36.12); luxd-0/2/3/4 still
-v1.36.2 healthy (devnet C-Chain 4/5). Nothing rolled on testnet/mainnet/zoo. NEXT:
-when v1.36.12 image is ready → set devnet sts image v1.36.12, delete luxd-1, confirm
-C-Chain inits + reaches tip; then finish devnet (durable-fix proof + RewardManager),
-then gated testnet→mainnet→zoo.
-
-## v1.36.33 — the build→self-verify-fail→drop loop (devnet 96367 / testnet 96368, 2026-07-28)
-
-**Symptom.** Every proposer built a block and then rejected the block it had just
-built, forever: `built block … height=1047` immediately followed by
-`built block failed verification — dropping error="inner parentID didn't match
-expected parent"`, 83–456 drops/min per node, accepted tip frozen two heights BELOW
-what the builder kept proposing (devnet tip 1045, builds 1047).
-
-**Root cause (one line).** `buildChild` asked the inner VM for a block without first
-pointing the inner VM at the parent's inner block. The inner VM builds on ITS OWN
-head (`luxfi/evm` miner reads `bc.CurrentBlock()`); the verify path requires
-`child.innerBlk.Parent() == parent.innerBlk.ID()`. Two different pointers, one
-required equal to the other, nothing asserting it. The head drifts on its own:
-verifying a GOSSIPED block whose parent is the current head optimistically sets the
-head (`core/blockchain.go writeBlockAndSetHead → newTip → writeCanonicalBlockWithLogs`),
-and `VM.SetPreference` short-circuits on an unchanged outer preference so it never
-re-pushes the inner preference to drag the head back. Non-self-correcting by
-construction.
-
-**Fix.** `VM.anchorInnerBuildParent` (vms/proposervm/vm.go) — one inner
-`SetPreference` at the point of use, called from BOTH build delegations
-(`postForkCommonComponents.buildChild`, `preForkBlock.buildChild`). On a healthy node
-the inner `setPreference` early-returns on `current.Hash() == block.Hash()`, so it is
-a lookup and no state change; when it fails, the head is provably not the parent's
-inner block, so refusing to build beats emitting a block we would drop.
-Regression proof: `vms/proposervm/build_inner_parent_test.go` (models the three evm
-head semantics — build-on-head, verify-advances-head, SetPreference-reorgs-head).
-
-**NOT the cause, measured:** the P-Chain. `info.isBootstrapped{"chain":"P"}` = true on
-15/15 nodes and `platform.getHeight` = 0 on 15/15 **including mainnet**, whose built
-blocks also carry `pChainHeight=0`. `bootstrapped.message:["111…LpoYY"]` is the
-primary-network NET id (`chains/chains.go Nets.Bootstrapping` keys by net), not the
-P-Chain — the P-Chain's chain id prints `111…P`. Nothing in the verify path reads
-pChainHeight before the parent check.
-
-**Sibling failure modes on the same fleets (already fixed in 1.36.32, needs the roll):**
-outer index BEHIND the inner tip ⇒ `refusing to build`/boot repair
-(`height_backfill.go`, 7d2f01eb), and preferred-absent-locally ⇒ last-accepted
-fallback (`vm.go BuildBlock`). All three are the same invariant seen from three sides.
-
 ## Essential Commands

 ### Release & build (canonical) — via platform.hanzo.ai, NOT GitHub Actions
@@ -388,7 +230,7 @@ Located in `/vms/`:
 - **platformvm**: Staking, validation, network management
 - **xvm**: Asset transfers, UTXO model
 - **dexvm**: DEX with order book, perpetuals, AMM
- **mpcvm**: Threshold MPC and FHE for confidential computing
+- **thresholdvm**: Threshold MPC and FHE for confidential computing
 - **quantumvm**: PQ consensus coordination (ML-DSA, Corona)
 - **identityvm**: Decentralized identity (DID, verifiable credentials)
 - **keyvm**: Post-quantum key management (ML-KEM, ML-DSA)
@@ -478,11 +320,11 @@ github.com/luxfi/genesis (JSON config)  →  github.com/luxfi/node/genesis/build
 ### CGO Dependencies
 These require CGO for full functionality (graceful fallback when disabled):
 - `consensus/quasar` - GPU NTT acceleration
- `vms/mpcvm/fhe` - GPU FHE operations
+- `vms/thresholdvm/fhe` - GPU FHE operations
 - `x/blockdb` - zstd compression

 ### FHE (Fully Homomorphic Encryption)
-Located in `vms/mpcvm/fhe/`:
+Located in `vms/thresholdvm/fhe/`:
 - Uses `github.com/luxfi/lattice/multiparty` for DKG
 - Lattice-based cryptography only (no fallbacks)
 - Threshold decryption via Warp messaging
@@ -797,7 +639,7 @@ strings.Contains(errStr, "not found") // parent block not in local state
 ### Known CGO Stubs
 When CGO disabled, these use CPU fallbacks:
 - `consensus/quasar/gpu_ntt_nocgo.go`
- `vms/mpcvm/fhe/gpu_fhe_nocgo.go`
+- `vms/thresholdvm/fhe/gpu_fhe_nocgo.go`
 - `vms/zkvm/accel/accel_mlx.go`

 ### 8. ZAP CreateHandlers for VM HTTP Endpoints
@@ -817,7 +659,7 @@ When CGO disabled, these use CPU fallbacks:
 ```bash
 curl -s -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_chainId","params":[],"id":1}' \
-  http://localhost:9640/v1/bc/C/rpc
+  http://localhost:9640/ext/bc/C/rpc
 # Returns: {"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"result":"0x17870"}
 ```

@@ -826,7 +668,7 @@ curl -s -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" \

 **Behavior**:
 - **GET /**: Returns JSON node information (nodeId, networkId, version, chains, endpoints)
- **POST /**: Proxies JSON-RPC requests directly to C-chain `/v1/bc/C/rpc`
+- **POST /**: Proxies JSON-RPC requests directly to C-chain `/ext/bc/C/rpc`
 - **OPTIONS /**: Returns CORS preflight headers

 **Files Modified**: `server/http/router.go`, `server/http/server.go`
@@ -893,7 +735,7 @@ if s.validators.NumNets() != 0 {

 **Verification**:
 ```bash
-curl -s http://localhost:9650/v1/health | jq '.checks.bls'
+curl -s http://localhost:9650/ext/health | jq '.checks.bls'
 # Should show: "message": "node has the correct BLS key"
 ```

@@ -927,7 +769,7 @@ Testing conducted on a single Lux validator node (testnet mode, macOS):
 **Benchmark Command:**
 ```bash
 cd ~/work/lux/benchmarks
-NODE_ENDPOINT="http://localhost:9640/v1/bc/C/rpc" \
+NODE_ENDPOINT="http://localhost:9640/ext/bc/C/rpc" \
 PRIVATE_KEY="<funded_key>" \
 ./bin/bench tps --chains=lux --duration=60s --concurrency=5
 ```
@@ -975,14 +817,4 @@ v2 semantic differences worth knowing (these change wire shape):

 ---

-## Housekeeping
-
-Removed 6 generated write-ups / stale root artifacts (`LAUNCH_CHECKLIST.md`,
-`rename_app.sh`, `replace_imports.sh`, `gen_zoo_addr` binary, `.ci-status-check.md`,
-`.ci-trigger`) plus the 73MB `.claude/worktrees/` agent scratch tree. Release and
-launch state live in this file, `CHANGELOG.md`, `RELEASE.md`; chain IDs/ports in
-`~/work/lux/universe/NETWORKS.yaml` and `~/work/lux/genesis/configs/`.
-
---
-
 *Last Updated*: 2026-06-06
@@ -7,15 +7,8 @@ CGO_ENABLED ?= 1
 FIPS_STRICT ?= 0

 # Go 1.26 experimental features:
-#   runtimesecret - zeroes stack/register state after secret.Do() for forward secrecy.
-# It SIGSEGVs at startup under the WSL2 kernel (confirmed on go1.26.3 and go1.26.4), so enable
-# it only off-WSL; forward secrecy stays on for real Linux/macOS/production builds.
-WSL := $(shell grep -qiE 'microsoft|WSL' /proc/sys/kernel/osrelease 2>/dev/null && echo 1)
-ifeq ($(WSL),1)
-GOEXPERIMENT ?= none
-else
+#   runtimesecret - zeroes stack/register state after secret.Do() for forward secrecy
 GOEXPERIMENT ?= runtimesecret
-endif
 export GOEXPERIMENT

 # FIPS 140-3 always enabled (required for blockchain/financial systems)
@@ -219,7 +212,7 @@ run-testnet: build-fips init-chains
 node-status:
 	@echo "$(GREEN)Checking node status...$(NC)"
 	@curl -s -X POST --data '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"info.isBootstrapped","params":{}}' \
-		-H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info | jq
+		-H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info | jq

 stop-node:
 	@echo "$(YELLOW)Stopping Lux node...$(NC)"
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-Lux Node
-Copyright (c) 2019-2025 Lux Industries Inc.
-
-This product includes software from avalanchego by Ava Labs, Inc.
-(https://github.com/ava-labs/avalanchego), licensed under the BSD 3-Clause
-License:
-
-    Copyright (C) 2019, Ava Labs, Inc.
-
-Lux Node is derived from avalanchego. The Lux additions and modifications in
-this repository are licensed under the BSD 3-Clause License (see the LICENSE
-file). The BSD 3-Clause terms of the upstream avalanchego code are retained;
-this NOTICE preserves the required Ava Labs copyright attribution at the
-repository level.
-
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-Ethereum Virtual Machine support is derived from go-ethereum by The
-go-ethereum Authors (https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum). In this
-repository that code is NOT vendored in-tree; it is consumed as an external
-Go module through the Lux fork github.com/luxfi/geth, which retains
-go-ethereum's original licenses:
-
-  * The go-ethereum library packages are licensed under the GNU Lesser
-    General Public License, version 3 (LGPL-3.0-or-later).
-  * The go-ethereum command-line tools are licensed under the GNU General
-    Public License, version 3 (GPL-3.0).
-
-    Copyright (C) The go-ethereum Authors
-
-COPYLEFT NOTICE: The LGPL-3.0/GPL-3.0 terms continue to apply to the
-go-ethereum-derived portions provided via github.com/luxfi/geth, and are NOT
-superseded by the BSD 3-Clause license of this repository. Distribution of
-compiled Lux Node binaries must honor LGPL-3.0 for the linked go-ethereum
-library code (source availability for that code and its modifications, and
-the ability for users to relink against a modified library). The luxfi/geth
-source, including Lux modifications, is published at
-https://github.com/luxfi/geth.
@@ -3066,7 +3066,7 @@ This version is backwards compatible to [v1.9.0](https://github.com/luxfi/node/r
 - Fixed `x/merkledb.ChangeProof#getLargestKey` to correctly handle no changes
 - Added test for `xvm/txs/executor.SemanticVerifier#verifyFxUsage` with multiple valid fxs
 - Fixed CPU + bandwidth performance regression during vertex processing
- Added example usage of the `/v1/index/X/block` API
+- Added example usage of the `/ext/index/X/block` API
 - Reduced the default value of `--consensus-optimal-processing` from `50` to `10`
 - Updated the year in the license header

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ Production implementations live in `lux/crypto/` and `lux/lattice/`. Formal veri
 | `audits/2025-12-30-other-vms-audit.md` | Secondary VMs |
 | `audits/2025-12-30-platformvm-audit.md` | PlatformVM (P-Chain) |
 | `audits/2025-12-30-proposervm-evm-audit.md` | ProposerVM and EVM integration |
-| `audits/2025-12-30-mpcvm-audit.md` | ThresholdVM (T-Chain) |
+| `audits/2025-12-30-thresholdvm-audit.md` | ThresholdVM (T-Chain) |
 | `audits/2025-12-30-warp-audit.md` | Warp cross-chain messaging |
 | `audits/2025-12-30-zkvm-audit.md` | ZKVM (Z-Chain) |

@@ -73,6 +73,12 @@ tasks:
      - task: generate-mocks
      - task: check-clean-branch

+  check-generate-protobuf:
+    desc: Checks that generated protobuf is up-to-date (requires a clean git working tree)
+    cmds:
+      - task: generate-protobuf
+      - task: check-clean-branch
+
  check-go-mod-tidy:
    desc: Checks that go.mod and go.sum are up-to-date (requires a clean git working tree)
    cmds:
@@ -95,6 +101,10 @@ tasks:
      - cmd: grep -lr -E '^// Code generated - DO NOT EDIT\.$' tests/load/c | xargs -r rm
      - cmd: go generate ./tests/load/c/...

+  generate-protobuf:
+    desc: Generates protobuf
+    cmd: ./scripts/protobuf_codegen.sh
+
  ginkgo-build:
    desc: Runs ginkgo against the current working directory
    cmd: ./bin/ginkgo build {{.USER_WORKING_DIR}}
@@ -1,107 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) 2019-2025, Lux Industries Inc. All rights reserved.
-// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
-
-package chains
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"sync"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-
-	"github.com/luxfi/ids"
-	"github.com/luxfi/log"
-	version "github.com/luxfi/version"
-	"github.com/luxfi/vm/chain"
-)
-
-// recordingConnector is a chain.ChainVM that records the version it is handed on
-// Connected. Every other method comes from the embedded (nil) interface and is
-// never invoked by the connect path.
-type recordingConnector struct {
-	chain.ChainVM
-
-	mu         sync.Mutex
-	called     bool
-	gotVersion *version.Application
-}
-
-func (c *recordingConnector) Connected(_ context.Context, _ ids.NodeID, nodeVersion *chain.VersionInfo) error {
-	c.mu.Lock()
-	defer c.mu.Unlock()
-	c.called = true
-	c.gotVersion = nodeVersion
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (c *recordingConnector) Disconnected(context.Context, ids.NodeID) error { return nil }
-
-// TestBlockHandlerConnectedWithVersionDeliversRealVersion is the regression
-// guard for RED CRITICAL #1 (C-Chain nil-version panic).
-//
-// Before the fix blockHandler.Connected forwarded connector.Connected(ctx,
-// nodeID, nil) — a hardcoded nil version. proposervm promotes Connected to the
-// inner C-Chain VM (coreth), whose state-sync peer tracker compares peer
-// versions; a nil version there dereferences nil (version.Application.Compare)
-// and PANICS a state-syncing node (a fresh join, or a validator rejoining after
-// falling behind — the launch's core invariant).
-//
-// The fix plumbs the REAL peer version through ConnectedWithVersion to the
-// connector. This test drives the real blockHandler with a real version and
-// asserts the connector receives that non-nil version — never nil.
-func TestBlockHandlerConnectedWithVersionDeliversRealVersion(t *testing.T) {
-	require := require.New(t)
-
-	rc := &recordingConnector{}
-	bh := newBlockHandler(
-		nil,          // BlockBuilder — unused by the connect path
-		rc,           // connector under test
-		log.Noop(),   // logger
-		nil,          // engine
-		nil,          // net
-		nil,          // msgCreator
-		ids.Empty,    // chainID
-		ids.Empty,    // networkID
-		nil,          // beacons
-		ids.NodeID{}, // selfNodeID
-		false,        // expectsStakedBeacons
-	)
-
-	nodeID := ids.GenerateTestNodeID()
-	peerVersion := &version.Application{Name: "lux", Major: 1, Minor: 36, Patch: 27}
-
-	require.NoError(bh.ConnectedWithVersion(context.Background(), nodeID, peerVersion))
-
-	rc.mu.Lock()
-	defer rc.mu.Unlock()
-	require.True(rc.called, "connector.Connected must be invoked")
-	require.NotNil(rc.gotVersion, "connector must receive a NON-nil version (coreth dereferences it in state-sync)")
-	require.Equal("lux", rc.gotVersion.Name)
-	require.Equal(1, rc.gotVersion.Major)
-	require.Equal(36, rc.gotVersion.Minor)
-	require.Equal(27, rc.gotVersion.Patch)
-}
-
-// TestBlockHandlerConnectedDedupsButStillCarriesVersion confirms the version
-// survives the once-only dedup: the first (versioned) dispatch reaches the
-// connector; a duplicate is a no-op (not a nil-version overwrite).
-func TestBlockHandlerConnectedDedupsButStillCarriesVersion(t *testing.T) {
-	require := require.New(t)
-
-	rc := &recordingConnector{}
-	bh := newBlockHandler(nil, rc, log.Noop(), nil, nil, nil, ids.Empty, ids.Empty, nil, ids.NodeID{}, false)
-
-	nodeID := ids.GenerateTestNodeID()
-	peerVersion := &version.Application{Name: "lux", Major: 1, Minor: 36, Patch: 27}
-
-	require.NoError(bh.ConnectedWithVersion(context.Background(), nodeID, peerVersion))
-	// A duplicate connect (e.g. dispatched again per tracked network) must be a
-	// no-op — never a second call that could clobber the stored version with nil.
-	require.NoError(bh.ConnectedWithVersion(context.Background(), nodeID, nil))
-
-	rc.mu.Lock()
-	defer rc.mu.Unlock()
-	require.NotNil(rc.gotVersion, "the deduped duplicate must not overwrite the real version with nil")
-	require.Equal(27, rc.gotVersion.Patch)
-}
@@ -157,27 +157,8 @@ func (b *blockHandler) sampleAncestorBeacons() (set.Set[ids.NodeID], bool) {
 	if len(connected) == 0 {
 		return nil, false
 	}
-	// Prefer beacons that reported an ahead tip in the last frontier round — they HOLD the
-	// ancestry the descent needs, so asking them (rather than a rotated peer that may be at
-	// genesis) is what lets a re-bootstrapping node obtain ancestry even when ≥2 peers are still
-	// at genesis. This is ava's PeerTracker "ask a prover" bias sourced from the frontier replies
-	// we already have (no separate tracker). Fill any remaining slots from the rotated full set so
-	// the sample never shrinks below what blind rotation would pick (defense against a stale/empty
-	// ahead-set). Empty ahead-set ⇒ pure rotation, identical to prior behavior.
-	b.bsMu.Lock()
-	ahead := b.bsAheadBeacons
-	b.bsMu.Unlock()
-
-	sample := set.NewSet[ids.NodeID](bootstrapAncestorSample)
-	for _, id := range connected {
-		if sample.Len() >= bootstrapAncestorSample {
-			break
-		}
-		if ahead != nil && ahead.Contains(id) {
-			sample.Add(id)
-		}
-	}
 	start := int(b.bsRotor.Add(1)-1) % len(connected)
+	sample := set.NewSet[ids.NodeID](bootstrapAncestorSample)
 	for i := 0; i < len(connected) && sample.Len() < bootstrapAncestorSample; i++ {
 		sample.Add(connected[(start+i)%len(connected)])
 	}
@@ -201,19 +182,6 @@ func (b *blockHandler) fullyConnectedBeacons(weights map[ids.NodeID]uint64, conn
 	return external > 0 && len(connected) >= external
 }

-// hasExternalBeacons reports whether the staked beacon set contains any validator OTHER than this
-// node. False for a self-only (single-validator) set — there is then no peer to sync from, so the
-// node's own tip IS the frontier (FrontierTip returns FrontierNoBeacons). The set is read from
-// P-chain STATE, not connectivity, so this is a TOPOLOGY fact (a genuine single-validator net),
-// never an eclipse artifact (an eclipse drops peers from `connected`, never from `weights`).
-func (b *blockHandler) hasExternalBeacons(weights map[ids.NodeID]uint64) bool {
-	external := len(weights)
-	if _, selfIsBeacon := weights[b.selfNodeID]; selfIsBeacon {
-		external--
-	}
-	return external > 0
-}
-
 // withSelfVote returns `replies` plus the node's OWN accepted frontier as a beacon reply — the
 // SELF-VOTE. The node is itself a beacon (selfNodeID in `weights`, the trust anchor) and knows its
 // own accepted tip (lastID) with certainty, so it vouches for it exactly as a connected peer's reply
@@ -324,21 +292,6 @@ func (b *blockHandler) FrontierTip(ctx context.Context) (ids.ID, chainbootstrap.
 		return ids.Empty, chainbootstrap.FrontierConnecting
 	}

-	// SELF-ONLY staked set: the configured validator set is exactly THIS node — a genuine
-	// single-validator network (a sybil-protected devnet, or the sole validator of an L1). There
-	// is no OTHER beacon to sync from, so the node's own accepted tip IS the network frontier →
-	// immediate start (FrontierNoBeacons). This is NOT an eclipse: the staked set is read from
-	// P-chain STATE, not connectivity, so a hidden peer would still appear in `weights`; only a
-	// genuine single-validator topology reaches here. Placed AFTER the P-ready gate so a boot-race
-	// partial set (transiently self-only mid-P-replay) WAITS above rather than false-completing here.
-	// This is the sybil-protected single-validator counterpart to the empty-set FrontierNoBeacons
-	// path: a multi-validator staked set (the ≥2 case) still runs the ⅔-by-stake quorum below.
-	if !b.hasExternalBeacons(weights) {
-		b.logger.Debug("bootstrap frontier: self-only staked set (single validator) — NoBeacons, nothing to sync to",
-			log.Stringer("chainID", b.chainID))
-		return ids.Empty, chainbootstrap.FrontierNoBeacons
-	}
-
 	// THE MASS-RECOVERY FIX. The acceptance decision is the BootstrapPolicy (a SEPARATE object
 	// with a SEPARATE threat model — bootstrap_trust.go), NOT the ⅔-of-CURRENT-total-stake
 	// consensus floor. The prior code required a ⅔-by-stake quorum of the WHOLE validator set to
@@ -365,7 +318,7 @@ func (b *blockHandler) FrontierTip(ctx context.Context) (ids.ID, chainbootstrap.
 	switch {
 	case err == nil:
 		// A configured-beacon quorum named a safe sync anchor (NOT a finality cert — the loop
-		// re-executes the descent and re-enters consensus, where FinalityQuorum alone governs).
+		// re-executes the descent and re-enters consensus, where ConsensusQuorum alone governs).
 		// With the P-ready gate above, this judgement is over the TRUE FULL staked set, so a tip the
 		// quorum actively names is a real frontier (when it equals our own held tip, a ⅔-of-responders
 		// supermajority is AT our height, so we ARE at the network frontier — the loop's Accepted()-shortcut
@@ -585,17 +538,6 @@ func (b *blockHandler) collectFrontierReplies(ctx context.Context, connected []i

 	replies := make([]BeaconReply, 0, len(connected))
 	seen := make(map[ids.NodeID]struct{}, len(connected))
-	// ahead = beacons reporting a tip this node has NOT accepted (they hold blocks we lack, so
-	// they can SERVE the ancestry the descent needs). sampleAncestorBeacons prefers them so the
-	// GetAncestors sample targets peers that can serve — never a peer still at genesis (our own
-	// tip). Recorded per round; publishes into b.bsAheadBeacons before returning.
-	ahead := set.NewSet[ids.NodeID](len(connected))
-	record := func() []BeaconReply {
-		b.bsMu.Lock()
-		b.bsAheadBeacons = ahead
-		b.bsMu.Unlock()
-		return replies
-	}
 	deadline := time.After(bootstrapFrontierWindow)
 	for {
 		select {
@@ -609,16 +551,13 @@ func (b *blockHandler) collectFrontierReplies(ctx context.Context, connected []i
 			}
 			seen[rep.nodeID] = struct{}{}
 			replies = append(replies, BeaconReply{NodeID: rep.nodeID, Tip: rep.tip, Weight: w})
-			if _, accepted := b.acceptedHeight(rep.tip); !accepted {
-				ahead.Add(rep.nodeID) // reported a tip we have not accepted → genuinely ahead
-			}
 			if len(seen) >= len(connected) {
-				return record() // every connected beacon answered — resolve now, do not wait the window
+				return replies // every connected beacon answered — resolve now, do not wait the window
 			}
 		case <-deadline:
-			return record()
+			return replies
 		case <-ctx.Done():
-			return record()
+			return replies
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -642,15 +581,7 @@ func (b *blockHandler) Ancestors(ctx context.Context, blockID ids.ID, maxBlocks
 	requestID := b.requestIDCounter
 	b.contextRequestMu.Unlock()

-	// Buffer the whole sample so EVERY sampled beacon's reply can queue — the loop
-	// then skips the EMPTY ones (a beacon that lacks the requested block, e.g. a peer
-	// still at genesis) and returns the first NON-EMPTY batch. With a size-1 channel a
-	// fast empty reply won the race and starved a slower peer that actually held the
-	// ancestry, so a re-bootstrapping node with ≥2 peers at genesis could keep drawing
-	// empties and stall. This mirrors the proven avalanchego contract: an empty Ancestors
-	// reply means "this peer can't serve — take another's," never "done" (getter serves an
-	// EXPLICIT empty batch when it lacks the block; see GetContext).
-	ch := make(chan [][]byte, bootstrapAncestorSample)
+	ch := make(chan [][]byte, 1)
 	b.bsMu.Lock()
 	b.bsAncestorCh[requestID] = ch
 	b.bsMu.Unlock()
@@ -666,19 +597,13 @@ func (b *blockHandler) Ancestors(ctx context.Context, blockID ids.ID, maxBlocks
 	}
 	b.net.Send(msg, sample, b.networkID, 0)

-	deadline := time.After(bootstrapAncestorsTimeout)
-	for {
-		select {
-		case blocks := <-ch:
-			if len(blocks) == 0 {
-				continue // this beacon can't serve the block — wait for a peer that can
-			}
-			return blocks, nil
-		case <-deadline:
-			return nil, nil // no beacon in the sample served — the loop re-samples (rotated)
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			return nil, ctx.Err()
-		}
+	select {
+	case blocks := <-ch:
+		return blocks, nil
+	case <-time.After(bootstrapAncestorsTimeout):
+		return nil, nil
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return nil, ctx.Err()
 	}
 }

@@ -891,7 +816,7 @@ func (b *blockHandler) BootstrapFailure() error {
 // is correctly failing safe DOWN (VM in Bootstrapping, serving nothing as head) and waiting for the
 // quorum to return; the network cannot make progress without it. monitorBootstrap's no-progress
 // watchdog polls this so it does NOT force-STOP a node that is deliberately waiting — which, given
-// the K8s probes only poll the always-green /v1/health/liveness, would be a permanent brick. It is
+// the K8s probes only poll the always-green /ext/health/liveness, would be a permanent brick. It is
 // the discriminator between "stuck on a served gap" (a real stall → stop) and "waiting for the
 // quorum" (self-heal → keep waiting). Distinct from BootstrapFailed (a terminal/structural fail).
 func (b *blockHandler) BootstrapConnecting() bool { return b.bootstrapConnecting.Load() }
@@ -996,7 +921,7 @@ func (b *blockHandler) runBootstrapThenPoll(ctx context.Context) {
 // no-progress watchdog treats it as a deliberate WAIT, not a stall: the node stays in Bootstrapping
 // (serving nothing as head, NEVER live at the stale height) and CONVERGES the instant the quorum
 // returns — the in-process self-heal the K8s probes do NOT provide (they poll the always-green
-// /v1/health/liveness, so a fail-safe-DOWN node is never restarted). A STRUCTURAL failure (deep gap
+// /ext/health/liveness, so a fail-safe-DOWN node is never restarted). A STRUCTURAL failure (deep gap
 // → state-sync) or an exhausted attempt bound returns false WITHOUT going Ready, bootstrapFailed
 // recording the reason so monitorBootstrap surfaces it. The node NEVER false-completes at its stale
 // height, and a transient outage NEVER becomes a permanent brick.
@@ -1038,7 +963,7 @@ func (b *blockHandler) runInitialSync(ctx context.Context) bool {
 	// (eclipse / partition / a majority co-restart still in flight) is RE-ATTEMPTED — the node stays
 	// in Bootstrapping (engine alive, VM serving nothing as head, never live at the stale height)
 	// and CONVERGES the instant the quorum returns. This is the recovery the K8s probes do NOT
-	// provide (they all poll the always-green /v1/health/liveness, so a fail-safe-DOWN node is
+	// provide (they all poll the always-green /ext/health/liveness, so a fail-safe-DOWN node is
 	// never restarted). bootstrapMaxAttempts ≤ 0 ⇒ retry until the quorum returns or shutdown; a
 	// test pins it to 1 to assert the single-attempt terminal fail-safe. A STRUCTURAL failure (deep
 	// gap → state-sync) is NOT retried — a retry cannot fix it; it is surfaced for the operator.
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import (
 	consensuschain "github.com/luxfi/consensus/engine/chain"
 	cblock "github.com/luxfi/consensus/engine/chain/block"
 	chainbootstrap "github.com/luxfi/consensus/engine/chain/bootstrap"
-	"github.com/luxfi/constants"
 	"github.com/luxfi/ids"
 	"github.com/luxfi/log"
 	"github.com/luxfi/math/set"
@@ -218,13 +217,6 @@ type bsBeaconNet struct {
 	serveAncestors bool                    // beacons serve ancestry (false models name-only beacons)
 	ancestorsEmpty bool                    // beacons REPLY to GetAncestors but serve an EMPTY batch (cross-version / withholding)

-	// emptyResponders models a MIXED fleet on a WIPE-path recovery: the named beacons REPLY to
-	// GetAncestors with an EMPTY batch (they lack the block — e.g. still at genesis after a
-	// simultaneous wipe), while the rest serve the real ancestry. When set, the mock delivers the
-	// empties FIRST, proving the fetcher (blockHandler.Ancestors) skips them and still returns the
-	// non-empty batch — never starved by a peer that can't serve. Requires serveAncestors=true.
-	emptyResponders set.Set[ids.NodeID]
-
 	// tipFor optionally overrides the tip a specific beacon reports (models DISAGREEMENT —
 	// beacons connected but split across tips, so no ⅔ quorum forms → FrontierNoQuorum).
 	tipFor map[ids.NodeID]ids.ID
@@ -342,23 +334,6 @@ func (n *bsBeaconNet) Send(msg message.OutboundMessage, nodeIDs set.Set[ids.Node
 			n.bh.deliverBootstrapFrontier(n.malicious, n.forgedTip)
 		}
 	case "ancestors":
-		if n.emptyResponders != nil {
-			// Mixed fleet: emptyResponders reply EMPTY (they lack the block), the rest serve.
-			// Deliver the empties FIRST so the test proves Ancestors skips them and returns the
-			// slower non-empty batch (the WIPE-path ≥2-at-genesis case).
-			var servers []ids.NodeID
-			for id := range nodeIDs {
-				if n.emptyResponders.Contains(id) {
-					n.bh.deliverBootstrapAncestors(m.requestID, nil)
-				} else {
-					servers = append(servers, id)
-				}
-			}
-			for range servers {
-				n.bh.deliverBootstrapAncestors(m.requestID, n.frame(m.blockID))
-			}
-			return nil
-		}
 		if n.serveAncestors {
 			n.bh.deliverBootstrapAncestors(m.requestID, n.frame(m.blockID))
 		} else if n.ancestorsEmpty {
@@ -537,66 +512,6 @@ func TestNodeBootstrap_EmptyNodeConvergesViaTransport(t *testing.T) {
 	require.True(t, bh.Accepted(ctx, chain[N].id), "node must hold the tip after sync")
 }

-// TestNodeBootstrap_WipePath_MixedGenesisPeers_ObtainsAncestry is the regression guard for the
-// WIPE-path ≥2-at-genesis stall (deliverable 3). A re-bootstrapping node samples a fleet where
-// SOME beacons reply to GetAncestors with an EMPTY batch (they lack the block — still at genesis
-// after a simultaneous wipe) while the rest serve the real ancestry, and the empties arrive FIRST.
-// With the pre-fix size-1 reply channel + first-reply-wins, the empty reply won the race and the
-// good peer's non-empty batch was dropped, so the descent got nothing every round and stalled. The
-// fix buffers the whole sample and SKIPS empty batches, returning the first non-empty one — so the
-// node obtains ancestry from the peers that CAN serve, even when ≥2 peers are at genesis.
-func TestNodeBootstrap_WipePath_MixedGenesisPeers_ObtainsAncestry(t *testing.T) {
-	const N = 30
-	chain, byID := buildBSChain(N, -1)
-	vm := newBSVM(chain)
-	bh, chainID, beacons := newBSHandlerAndEngine(t, vm, 5)
-
-	// 2 of 5 beacons are "still at genesis" — they reply EMPTY to GetAncestors. The mock
-	// delivers those empties FIRST so a first-reply-wins fetcher would be starved.
-	empties := set.NewSet[ids.NodeID](2)
-	empties.Add(beacons[0], beacons[1])
-	bh.net = &bsBeaconNet{
-		bh: bh, chainID: chainID, connected: beacons, byID: byID, tip: chain[N],
-		serveAncestors: true, emptyResponders: empties,
-	}
-	bh.msgCreator = bsMsgBuilder{}
-
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	require.NoError(t, runBS(t, bh), "node must converge despite ≥2 peers serving empty ancestry")
-
-	last, _ := vm.LastAccepted(ctx)
-	require.Equal(t, chain[N].id, last, "node must sync to the tip via the peers that CAN serve")
-	require.True(t, bh.Accepted(ctx, chain[N].id))
-}
-
-// TestSampleAncestorBeacons_PrefersAheadBeacons proves change 2: the ancestry sample PREFERS
-// beacons the frontier round found genuinely AHEAD (they hold the ancestry), so a re-bootstrapping
-// node asks peers that can serve rather than wasting the bounded sample on genesis peers. With more
-// connected beacons than the sample size, blind rotation would periodically EXCLUDE any given
-// beacon; the preference guarantees the recorded ahead-beacon is ALWAYS sampled.
-func TestSampleAncestorBeacons_PrefersAheadBeacons(t *testing.T) {
-	const numBeacons = 8 // > bootstrapAncestorSample (4), so rotation alone would sometimes miss one
-	chain, byID := buildBSChain(1, -1)
-	vm := newBSVM(chain)
-	bh, chainID, beacons := newBSHandlerAndEngine(t, vm, numBeacons)
-	bh.net = &bsBeaconNet{bh: bh, chainID: chainID, connected: beacons, byID: byID, tip: chain[1]}
-	bh.msgCreator = bsMsgBuilder{}
-
-	// Record ONE beacon as ahead (the frontier round's output). It must appear in EVERY sample.
-	ahead := beacons[numBeacons-1]
-	bh.bsMu.Lock()
-	bh.bsAheadBeacons = set.Of(ahead)
-	bh.bsMu.Unlock()
-
-	for i := 0; i < 2*numBeacons; i++ {
-		sample, ok := bh.sampleAncestorBeacons()
-		require.True(t, ok)
-		require.LessOrEqual(t, sample.Len(), bootstrapAncestorSample)
-		require.True(t, sample.Contains(ahead),
-			"the recorded ahead-beacon must be preferred into every ancestry sample (call %d)", i)
-	}
-}
-
 // TestRED_FrozenVMLastAccepted_ConvergesOffFinalizedLedger is the regression guard for red
 // HIGH-1: the convergence-recognition must ride the IN-PROCESS consensus finalized ledger, NOT
 // the VM's LastAccepted cache — which the real ZAP client FREEZES at the boot snapshot for the
@@ -860,9 +775,9 @@ func TestNodeBootstrap_NoBeaconSet_ReportsNoBeacons(t *testing.T) {
 func TestNodeBootstrap_FreshNet_SelfVoteUnderFullConnectivity_CaughtUp(t *testing.T) {
 	const N = 5
 	chain, byID := buildBSChain(N, -1)
-	vm := newBSVM(chain)                                    // the node is at genesis (lastAccepted = genesis)
+	vm := newBSVM(chain)                                  // the node is at genesis (lastAccepted = genesis)
 	bh, chainID, beacons := newBSHandlerAndEngine(t, vm, 2) // 2 equal-weight (100) beacons
-	bh.selfNodeID = beacons[0]                              // THIS node is beacon 0 — it is itself a validator
+	bh.selfNodeID = beacons[0]                            // THIS node is beacon 0 — it is itself a validator
 	bh.msgCreator = bsMsgBuilder{}

 	// FULL connectivity: the ONE other beacon is connected and reports GENESIS (a fresh net — every
@@ -909,7 +824,7 @@ func TestNodeBootstrap_SelfVote_PeerAheadDefeatsCaughtUp(t *testing.T) {
 func TestNodeBootstrap_SelfVote_PartialConnectivityFailsSafe(t *testing.T) {
 	const N = 5
 	chain, byID := buildBSChain(N, -1)
-	vm := newBSVM(chain)                                    // node at genesis
+	vm := newBSVM(chain) // node at genesis
 	bh, chainID, beacons := newBSHandlerAndEngine(t, vm, 3) // self + 2 others
 	bh.selfNodeID = beacons[0]
 	bh.msgCreator = bsMsgBuilder{}
@@ -1613,7 +1528,7 @@ func TestRED_TipHolderCoRestartGoesReadyAtOwnTip(t *testing.T) {
 // It must NOT go live at its stale height (safety) and must NOT permanently give up (liveness): it
 // stays in Bootstrapping, RE-ATTEMPTS (bootstrapMaxAttempts ≤ 0 ⇒ until the quorum returns), and
 // CONVERGES the instant the quorum comes back — all IN-PROCESS, with no pod restart (the K8s probes
-// poll the always-green /v1/health/liveness and would never restart it). This is the bounded
+// poll the always-green /ext/health/liveness and would never restart it). This is the bounded
 // re-bootstrap retry that closes the "permanent brick" RED flagged.
 func TestRED_MajorityOutageSelfHealsWhenQuorumReturns(t *testing.T) {
 	const N, K = 30, 16 // stale at N; the live frontier (once the quorum returns) is N+K
@@ -1937,8 +1852,8 @@ func TestBootstrap_AcceptedHeight_StoreVsAcceptance(t *testing.T) {
 	const M = 30
 	const Top = 40
 	chain, _ := buildBSChain(Top, -1)
-	vm := newBSVMAt(chain, M)       // accepted 0..M
-	vm.store(chain[M+1 : Top+1]...) // M+1..Top GOSSIPED into the store but UNACCEPTED
+	vm := newBSVMAt(chain, M)          // accepted 0..M
+	vm.store(chain[M+1 : Top+1]...)    // M+1..Top GOSSIPED into the store but UNACCEPTED
 	bh := &blockHandler{logger: log.NewNoOpLogger(), vm: vm}
 	ctx := context.Background()

@@ -2033,129 +1948,3 @@ func TestRED_BehindNode_PeerConnectDelay_NeverFalseCompletesAtStale(t *testing.T
 	require.Greater(t, net.peerInfoCalls, net.connectAfterCalls,
 		"the loop must have WAITED through the connecting passes before naming the frontier")
 }
-
-// TestChainExpectsStakedBeacons_SybilDrivesNotSkipBootstrap pins the ROOT-CAUSE decision of the
-// rejoin wedge (tasks #66/#74): whether a chain syncs its bootstrap frontier against the STAKED
-// primary-network set is driven by SYBIL PROTECTION, NOT --skip-bootstrap. Production validators
-// set --skip-bootstrap (to skip the initial bootstrap WAIT); the prior `!m.SkipBootstrap && ...`
-// made that flag also EMPTY the beacon set, so a behind native chain (C/X/Q) reported
-// FrontierNoBeacons, named its STALE local tip the network frontier, went live there, and never
-// caught up across restarts until a manual chaindata wipe. skip-bootstrap is not even an input to
-// the fixed decision — that is the point.
-func TestChainExpectsStakedBeacons_SybilDrivesNotSkipBootstrap(t *testing.T) {
-	require.True(t, chainExpectsStakedBeacons(true, true, false),
-		"sybil-protected native non-platform chain (C/X/Q) MUST expect staked beacons → peer-sync a behind validator (regardless of skip-bootstrap)")
-	require.False(t, chainExpectsStakedBeacons(false, true, false),
-		"non-sybil (dev / single-node) native chain → NO staked beacons: the empty-beacon immediate-start path")
-	require.False(t, chainExpectsStakedBeacons(true, false, false),
-		"a non-native chain does not sync against the primary staked set here")
-	require.False(t, chainExpectsStakedBeacons(true, true, true),
-		"the platform chain anchors to its OWN CustomBeacons, never the staked-set frontier quorum")
-}
-
-// TestChainValidatesOnPrimaryNetwork_RealHashChainID is the regression the hardcoded-bool test
-// above could NOT catch: it exercises the ACTUAL discriminator buildChain feeds into
-// chainExpectsStakedBeacons. The durable rejoin fix (#66/#74) shipped INERT in production because
-// the discriminator keyed off the blockchain ID via ids.IsNativeChain — false for every deployed
-// C/X/Q (they carry HASH blockchain IDs; ids.IsNativeChain only matches the symbolic 111...C alias
-// form, which no deployed chain uses). So a real behind C-Chain still got empty beacons under
-// --skip-bootstrap and wedged. The fix keys off the validating Net (chainParams.ChainID) instead.
-func TestChainValidatesOnPrimaryNetwork_RealHashChainID(t *testing.T) {
-	// Real deployed C-Chain blockchain IDs (devnet + mainnet) are HASHES, and ids.IsNativeChain
-	// is false for them — the exact trap that disabled the fix.
-	for _, s := range []string{
-		"21HieZngQW8unBnSTbdQ9PcPAz6hhPLGrPzZhTvjC8KgjE95Bg", // devnet C-Chain
-		"2wRdZGeca1qkxzNCq88NWDF5nJ5A9o623vRJKd3FsjRYvuVvvt", // mainnet C-Chain
-	} {
-		id, err := ids.FromString(s)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.False(t, ids.IsNativeChain(id),
-			"trap: ids.IsNativeChain is false for real hash C-Chain ID %s — do NOT discriminate on the blockchain ID", s)
-	}
-
-	// C/X/Q validate on the PRIMARY NETWORK: chainParams.ChainID == PrimaryNetworkID. That is the
-	// signal buildChain now passes, so the durable fix fires for the real (hash-ID) C-Chain.
-	require.True(t, chainValidatesOnPrimaryNetwork(constants.PrimaryNetworkID))
-	require.True(t, chainExpectsStakedBeacons(true, chainValidatesOnPrimaryNetwork(constants.PrimaryNetworkID), false),
-		"a sybil-protected primary-network non-platform chain (C/X/Q) MUST expect staked beacons regardless of its hash blockchain ID")
-
-	// An L2 validates on its OWN sovereign net, not the primary network → stays on the
-	// empty-beacon single-node path (behavior unchanged for L2s).
-	l2Net := ids.GenerateTestID()
-	require.False(t, chainValidatesOnPrimaryNetwork(l2Net))
-	require.False(t, chainExpectsStakedBeacons(true, chainValidatesOnPrimaryNetwork(l2Net), false))
-}
-
-// TestNodeBootstrap_SelfOnlyStakedSet_ReportsNoBeacons covers the single-VALIDATOR counterpart of
-// the fix: a sybil-protected chain whose staked set is EXACTLY this node (a single-validator
-// devnet, or the sole validator of an L1) has no OTHER beacon to sync from, so FrontierTip reports
-// FrontierNoBeacons (immediate start at the node's own tip) rather than hanging in FrontierConnecting.
-// This is what lets skip-bootstrap stop emptying native beacons WITHOUT bricking a single-validator
-// net. It is NOT an eclipse: the staked set is read from P-chain STATE (hasExternalBeacons), so a
-// hidden peer would still appear in `weights`.
-func TestNodeBootstrap_SelfOnlyStakedSet_ReportsNoBeacons(t *testing.T) {
-	const N = 10
-	chain, byID := buildBSChain(N, -1)
-	vm := newBSVMAt(chain, N) // the sole validator IS at the frontier
-	self := ids.GenerateTestNodeID()
-	bh, chainID := newBSHandlerWeighted(t, vm, map[ids.NodeID]uint64{self: 100})
-	bh.selfNodeID = self // the staked set is EXACTLY this node — a genuine single-validator net
-	bh.net = &bsBeaconNet{bh: bh, chainID: chainID, byID: byID, tip: chain[N]}
-	bh.msgCreator = bsMsgBuilder{}
-
-	bh.bsActive.Store(true)
-	tip, status := bh.FrontierTip(context.Background())
-	bh.bsActive.Store(false)
-	require.Equal(t, chainbootstrap.FrontierNoBeacons, status,
-		"self-only staked set (single validator) → NoBeacons (nothing to sync to), never a FrontierConnecting hang")
-	require.Equal(t, ids.Empty, tip)
-
-	// Discriminator: add ONE other validator and the SAME node must now run the quorum (has a peer
-	// to sync from) — proving the self-only shortcut fires ONLY for a genuinely alone validator.
-	require.True(t, bh.hasExternalBeacons(map[ids.NodeID]uint64{self: 100, ids.GenerateTestNodeID(): 100}),
-		"a ≥2-validator staked set has an external beacon → runs the ⅔-by-stake quorum, not the self-only shortcut")
-}
-
-// TestNodeBootstrap_BehindValidator_StakedSet_CatchesUpNoWipe is THE REJOIN INVARIANT (tasks
-// #66/#74), the code reproduction of the mainnet luxd-0 wedge: a staked validator that fell behind
-// must sync from its peers on restart and reach the network frontier WITHOUT a chaindata wipe.
-//
-// The node reloads its STALE on-disk tip at height M (the "restart" — no wipe) and holds a
-// sybil-protected native-chain staked beacon set (expectsStakedBeacons=true — exactly what
-// buildChain now leaves in place under --skip-bootstrap, instead of emptying it). The 4 healthy
-// producers name+serve the frontier N over the real GetAcceptedFrontier/GetAncestors transport, so
-// the behind node fetch+executes M+1..N and ends ACCEPTED at N — never stuck at the stale M.
-func TestNodeBootstrap_BehindValidator_StakedSet_CatchesUpNoWipe(t *testing.T) {
-	const N = 60 // network frontier (the healthy producers)
-	const M = 42 // our STALE local height after a restart — behind by N-M, NO wipe
-	chain, byID := buildBSChain(N, -1)
-	vm := newBSVMAt(chain, M) // reload the stale on-disk tip (the restart)
-
-	// A 5-validator staked set (equal stake): this node is one, the other 4 are the connected,
-	// serving producers at the frontier N. This mirrors lux-mainnet's 5-validator C-Chain.
-	weights := map[ids.NodeID]uint64{}
-	producers := make([]ids.NodeID, 4)
-	for i := range producers {
-		producers[i] = ids.GenerateTestNodeID()
-		weights[producers[i]] = 100
-	}
-	self := ids.GenerateTestNodeID()
-	weights[self] = 100
-	bh, chainID := newBSHandlerWeighted(t, vm, weights)
-	bh.selfNodeID = self
-	require.True(t, bh.expectsStakedBeacons,
-		"a native sybil chain expects staked beacons even under skip-bootstrap — the fix that keeps peer-sync alive")
-
-	bh.net = &bsBeaconNet{bh: bh, chainID: chainID, connected: producers, byID: byID, tip: chain[N], serveAncestors: true}
-	bh.msgCreator = bsMsgBuilder{}
-
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	require.NoError(t, runBS(t, bh),
-		"behind validator must converge to the frontier from its peers — no wipe, chain keeps finalizing")
-
-	last, _ := vm.LastAccepted(ctx)
-	require.Equal(t, chain[N].id, last,
-		"REJOIN: behind validator caught up from peers to frontier N=%d (was stuck at stale M=%d, no wipe)", N, M)
-	require.True(t, bh.Accepted(ctx, chain[N].id),
-		"node holds + ACCEPTED the frontier tip after the rejoin (genuine catch-up, not a stale false-complete)")
-}
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 // to recover from. Bootstrap trust was braided into consensus finality, and finality's ⅔ rule
 // is mathematically unsatisfiable during a mass outage.
 //
-// The fix is a type split, NOT a renamed threshold. FinalityQuorum decides FINALITY
+// The fix is a type split, NOT a renamed threshold. ConsensusQuorum decides FINALITY
 // (> ⅔ of CURRENT stake — UNCHANGED). BootstrapTrust decides whether a fetched frontier is
 // SAFE TO BEGIN SYNC FROM: a quorum of AUTHENTICATED CONFIGURED beacons that RESPOND, gated by
 // a response FLOOR (MinResponses) and an agreement threshold over the RESPONDERS (not over the
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ package chains
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"encoding/binary"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math"
@@ -38,30 +37,30 @@ import (

 // BootstrapTrust is not a consensus-finality oracle.
 // It selects a weak-subjective sync frontier from authenticated configured beacons.
-// Live block acceptance remains governed exclusively by FinalityQuorum.
+// Live block acceptance remains governed exclusively by ConsensusQuorum.
 type BootstrapTrust interface {
 	// AcceptsFrontier returns the block an empty/behind node may BEGIN SYNCING FROM, selected
 	// from the authenticated configured beacons' frontier replies — or an error
 	// (ErrInsufficientBootstrapResponses / ErrNoBootstrapQuorum) when no trusted frontier can be
 	// named this round. The returned Frontier is a sync ANCHOR, never a consensus certificate
 	// (see the type comment): the node must still re-execute every block it descends to before
-	// re-entering live consensus, where FinalityQuorum alone governs acceptance.
+	// re-entering live consensus, where ConsensusQuorum alone governs acceptance.
 	AcceptsFrontier(ctx context.Context, replies []BeaconReply) (*Frontier, error)
 }

-// FinalityQuorum decides FINALITY: whether a weight is a finalizing supermajority (> ⅔) of the
+// ConsensusQuorum decides FINALITY: whether a weight is a finalizing supermajority (> ⅔) of the
 // CURRENT validator set. This is the live-consensus rule; bootstrap does NOT change it. It is a
 // SEPARATE named type from BootstrapTrust precisely so the distinction is explicit and testable:
 // a frontier that AcceptsFrontier admits is "safe to sync from", and in general it does NOT
 // satisfy HasFinality (3 of 5 responders is a valid sync anchor; 3 of 5 stake is not finality).
-type FinalityQuorum interface {
+type ConsensusQuorum interface {
 	HasFinality(weight, total StakeWeight) bool
 }

 // StakeWeight is validator stake in the units the validator manager reports (Weight/Light).
 type StakeWeight = uint64

-// twoThirdsFinality is the production FinalityQuorum: > ⅔ of the CURRENT total stake, exactly
+// twoThirdsFinality is the production ConsensusQuorum: > ⅔ of the CURRENT total stake, exactly
 // the rule the live cert-gate uses (consensusconfig.TwoThirdsStakeFloor). Defined here only to
 // give the live rule a name to CONTRAST bootstrap trust against — it is not wired into the live
 // path (that already enforces ⅔ inside consensus), and bootstrap never calls it to ACCEPT.
@@ -71,10 +70,10 @@ func (twoThirdsFinality) HasFinality(weight, total StakeWeight) bool {
 	return weight > consensusconfig.TwoThirdsStakeFloor(total)
 }

-// DefaultFinalityQuorum returns the live ⅔-of-current-stake finality rule — the thing bootstrap
+// DefaultConsensusQuorum returns the live ⅔-of-current-stake finality rule — the thing bootstrap
 // trust is explicitly NOT. Used by the test suite to prove a bootstrap-accepted frontier does
 // not constitute finality.
-func DefaultFinalityQuorum() FinalityQuorum { return twoThirdsFinality{} }
+func DefaultConsensusQuorum() ConsensusQuorum { return twoThirdsFinality{} }

 var (
 	// ErrInsufficientBootstrapResponses: fewer than MinResponses configured beacons answered.
@@ -128,48 +127,9 @@ type AncestrySource interface {
 // Checkpoint is an operator-pinned (id, height) the recovering node may anchor to when too few
 // beacons respond to form a quorum — the EXPLICIT override for INVARIANT 2's "1 of N reachable"
 // case. Absent (nil) ⇒ the default policy REJECTS rather than trusting a captured minority.
-//
-// INVARIANT 4 (a checkpoint is a SIGNED weak-subjectivity anchor, not a bare config value): the
-// checkpoint carries a cryptographic Signature by the configured checkpoint AUTHORITY over its
-// (id, height), and AcceptsFrontier trusts it ONLY when CheckpointVerifier authenticates that
-// signature. A (id,height) present in a flag/config but UNSIGNED — or signed by a non-authority key
-// — is REJECTED (fail closed). This is the crucial hardening: the checkpoint is the one path that
-// bypasses the beacon quorum, so a compromised flag must NOT be able to inject a false sync anchor
-// without ALSO forging the authority's signature. It is a cryptographic vouch, NEVER a ⅔-live-stake
-// tally (that conflation is the very deadlock BootstrapTrust exists to avoid).
 type Checkpoint struct {
 	ID     ids.ID
 	Height uint64
-	// Signature is the checkpoint authority's signature over this checkpoint's canonical (id,height)
-	// bytes. Verified by CheckpointVerifier before the anchor is trusted; an empty signature is
-	// never accepted.
-	Signature []byte
-}
-
-// CheckpointVerifier authenticates a Checkpoint's Signature against the configured checkpoint
-// AUTHORITY key(s). The node injects a real implementation backed by a PROVEN primitive (Ed25519 /
-// BLS — never custom crypto); the policy stays free of any crypto dependency, exactly like
-// AncestrySource and heightOf. A nil verifier means no signed anchor is configured, so any
-// Checkpoint is untrusted and the below-floor case fails closed.
-type CheckpointVerifier interface {
-	// VerifyCheckpoint reports whether sig is a valid signature over (id, height) by the configured
-	// checkpoint authority. It MUST reject an empty signature and be signature-safe (constant-time
-	// compare on the primitive). It is the sole authority on whether a pinned anchor may be trusted.
-	VerifyCheckpoint(id ids.ID, height uint64, sig []byte) bool
-}
-
-// CanonicalCheckpointMessage is the exact byte string a checkpoint authority signs and
-// CheckpointVerifier authenticates: a domain-separated, fixed-layout encoding of (id, height) so a
-// signature can never be transplanted from another context. 8-byte big-endian height after the
-// 32-byte id, under a distinct domain tag.
-func CanonicalCheckpointMessage(id ids.ID, height uint64) []byte {
-	const domain = "lux-bootstrap-checkpoint-v1\x00"
-	msg := make([]byte, 0, len(domain)+len(id)+8)
-	msg = append(msg, domain...)
-	msg = append(msg, id[:]...)
-	var h [8]byte
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(h[:], height)
-	return append(msg, h[:]...)
 }

 // Ratio is an exact rational threshold (e.g. 2/3, 3/4). A value clears it iff
@@ -192,7 +152,7 @@ func (r Ratio) floorOf(whole uint64) uint64 {
 }

 // BootstrapPolicy is the default BootstrapTrust: a CONFIGURED-BEACON quorum with a response
-// FLOOR and an agreement threshold over the RESPONDERS — a SEPARATE object from FinalityQuorum
+// FLOOR and an agreement threshold over the RESPONDERS — a SEPARATE object from ConsensusQuorum
 // with a SEPARATE threat model. It does NOT pass "reachable stake" into the ⅔-of-current-stake
 // finality rule (that conflation IS the mass-recovery deadlock). It reuses the ancestor-tolerant
 // common-ancestor tally only for HOW to find the agreed frontier; the ACCEPTANCE gate is the
@@ -237,12 +197,8 @@ type BootstrapPolicy struct {
 	// network, or a fleet unanimously AT the tip).
 	MinFrontierHeight uint64
 	// Checkpoint is the OPTIONAL operator override for the below-floor case (INVARIANT 2). nil ⇒
-	// reject below the floor. When set, it is trusted ONLY if CheckpointVerifier authenticates its
-	// signature (INVARIANT 4).
+	// reject below the floor.
 	Checkpoint *Checkpoint
-	// CheckpointVerifier authenticates the Checkpoint's authority signature (INVARIANT 4). nil ⇒ a
-	// configured Checkpoint is NOT trusted (fail closed) — a bare (id,height) is never enough.
-	CheckpointVerifier CheckpointVerifier
 	// NamingWindow bounds the ancestry fetched per anchor; MaxAnchors bounds how many distinct
 	// reported tips are resolved. Both default to the package constants when zero.
 	NamingWindow int
@@ -374,15 +330,6 @@ func (p *BootstrapPolicy) AcceptsFrontier(ctx context.Context, replies []BeaconR
 	// operator explicitly pinned a checkpoint to anchor from.
 	if !p.floorMet(responders, responderWeight) {
 		if p.Checkpoint != nil {
-			// INVARIANT 4: the checkpoint bypasses the beacon quorum, so trust it ONLY when the
-			// configured authority SIGNED this exact (id,height). A checkpoint present in config but
-			// unsigned, or signed by a non-authority key, is REJECTED (fail closed) — a compromised
-			// flag cannot inject a false sync anchor without also forging the authority's signature.
-			if p.CheckpointVerifier == nil || len(p.Checkpoint.Signature) == 0 ||
-				!p.CheckpointVerifier.VerifyCheckpoint(p.Checkpoint.ID, p.Checkpoint.Height, p.Checkpoint.Signature) {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: a checkpoint is pinned but its authority signature did not verify",
-					ErrInsufficientBootstrapResponses)
-			}
 			return &Frontier{
 				ID:             p.Checkpoint.ID,
 				Height:         p.Checkpoint.Height,
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ package chains

 import (
 	"context"
-	"crypto/ed25519"
 	"testing"

 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
@@ -303,7 +302,7 @@ func TestBootstrapTrust_F_SplitReachableAncestrySelectsCommonAncestor(t *testing

 // TestBootstrapTrust_G_FinalityUnchanged proves INVARIANT 3: a bootstrap-accepted frontier is NOT
 // finality. The SAME 3-of-5 support that AcceptsFrontier admits as a sync anchor does NOT satisfy
-// FinalityQuorum.HasFinality — live block acceptance still requires > ⅔ of CURRENT validator
+// ConsensusQuorum.HasFinality — live block acceptance still requires > ⅔ of CURRENT validator
 // stake (4 of 5 here). The bootstrap quorum cannot finalize a block.
 func TestBootstrapTrust_G_FinalityUnchanged(t *testing.T) {
 	const w uint64 = 100
@@ -322,76 +321,39 @@ func TestBootstrapTrust_G_FinalityUnchanged(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, frontier, f.ID)
 	require.Equal(t, StakeWeight(3*w), f.Weight, "the frontier is backed by exactly the 3 responders")

-	// FinalityQuorum says that SAME 3-of-5 weight is NOT finality — the decisions are different
+	// ConsensusQuorum says that SAME 3-of-5 weight is NOT finality — the decisions are different
 	// objects with different thresholds. Finality is unchanged: it still needs > ⅔ (4 of 5).
-	cq := DefaultFinalityQuorum()
+	cq := DefaultConsensusQuorum()
 	require.False(t, cq.HasFinality(3*w, total),
 		"INVARIANT 3: a bootstrap-accepted frontier (3 of 5) is NOT a finalizing supermajority")
 	require.True(t, cq.HasFinality(4*w, total),
 		"finality UNCHANGED: > ⅔ of current stake (4 of 5) still finalizes")
 	require.False(t, cq.HasFinality(f.Weight, total),
 		"the bootstrap quorum's own backing weight cannot finalize a block")
-
-	// AFTER-SYNC (the owner's "bootstrap is not a finality bypass"): the node has now SYNCED to the
-	// frontier via BootstrapTrust and re-entered live consensus. A NEW block that collects the SAME
-	// 3-of-5 stake STILL does not finalize — bootstrap admitted a sync ANCHOR, it did not lower the
-	// finality bar. Live acceptance returns to strict > ⅔ of CURRENT stake, exactly as before any
-	// bootstrap. HasFinality is stateless in the bootstrap outcome, which is the whole point: there
-	// is no code path by which "we bootstrapped from 3/5" leaks into the finality decision.
-	require.False(t, cq.HasFinality(3*w, total),
-		"AFTER syncing from a 3-of-5 bootstrap frontier, live finality STILL needs > ⅔ (4 of 5) — no bypass")
 }

 // ----- checkpoint override (complements B) ----------------------------------

-// edCheckpointAuthority is a test checkpoint authority backed by Ed25519 — a PROVEN primitive, no
-// custom crypto. It signs a checkpoint's canonical (id,height) message and verifies against its own
-// public key, rejecting an empty signature and any key that is not the configured authority.
-type edCheckpointAuthority struct {
-	priv ed25519.PrivateKey
-	pub  ed25519.PublicKey
-}
-
-func newEdCheckpointAuthority(t *testing.T) *edCheckpointAuthority {
-	t.Helper()
-	pub, priv, err := ed25519.GenerateKey(nil)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	return &edCheckpointAuthority{priv: priv, pub: pub}
-}
-
-func (a *edCheckpointAuthority) sign(id ids.ID, height uint64) []byte {
-	return ed25519.Sign(a.priv, CanonicalCheckpointMessage(id, height))
-}
-
-// VerifyCheckpoint implements CheckpointVerifier: authenticate against the authority's public key.
-func (a *edCheckpointAuthority) VerifyCheckpoint(id ids.ID, height uint64, sig []byte) bool {
-	return len(sig) != 0 && ed25519.Verify(a.pub, CanonicalCheckpointMessage(id, height), sig)
-}
-
 // TestBootstrapTrust_CheckpointOverride: below the response floor (1 of 5), the DEFAULT is reject
-// (test B), but an operator who pins a SIGNED checkpoint gets the explicit override — the node
-// anchors to the authenticated (id,height) instead of trusting the lone beacon. This is the
-// sanctioned escape hatch for a deeply-partitioned node, NEVER an open-ended ≥1-beacon acceptance,
-// and (INVARIANT 4) NEVER a bare unsigned config value.
+// (test B), but an operator who pins a checkpoint gets the explicit override — the node anchors to
+// the pinned (id,height) instead of trusting the lone beacon. This is the sanctioned escape hatch
+// for a deeply-partitioned node, NEVER an open-ended ≥1-beacon acceptance.
 func TestBootstrapTrust_CheckpointOverride(t *testing.T) {
 	beacons := nodeIDs(5)
-	authority := newEdCheckpointAuthority(t)
 	ckptID := ids.GenerateTestID()
-	const ckptHeight = uint64(1_082_796)
 	policy := &BootstrapPolicy{
-		TrustedBeacons:     equalBeacons(beacons, equalStake),
-		MinResponses:       3,
-		Checkpoint:         &Checkpoint{ID: ckptID, Height: ckptHeight, Signature: authority.sign(ckptID, ckptHeight)},
-		CheckpointVerifier: authority,
+		TrustedBeacons: equalBeacons(beacons, equalStake),
+		MinResponses:   3,
+		Checkpoint:     &Checkpoint{ID: ckptID, Height: 1_082_796},
 	}
-	// 1 reachable beacon — below the floor — but a SIGNED checkpoint is pinned.
+	// 1 reachable beacon — below the floor — but a checkpoint is pinned.
 	f, err := policy.AcceptsFrontier(context.Background(), []BeaconReply{
 		reply(beacons[0], ids.GenerateTestID(), equalStake),
 	})
 	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.True(t, f.FromCheckpoint, "below the floor with a SIGNED checkpoint → anchor to the checkpoint")
+	require.True(t, f.FromCheckpoint, "below the floor with a pinned checkpoint → anchor to the checkpoint")
 	require.Equal(t, ckptID, f.ID)
-	require.Equal(t, ckptHeight, f.Height)
+	require.Equal(t, uint64(1_082_796), f.Height)

 	// Without the checkpoint the same 1-of-5 is rejected (the default — never trust the lone beacon).
 	policy.Checkpoint = nil
@@ -401,56 +363,6 @@ func TestBootstrapTrust_CheckpointOverride(t *testing.T) {
 	require.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrInsufficientBootstrapResponses)
 }

-// TestBootstrapTrust_CheckpointMustBeSigned is INVARIANT 4: a checkpoint that is present but not
-// AUTHENTICATED is REJECTED (fail closed). A compromised flag/config that pins a false (id,height)
-// cannot inject a sync anchor without the authority's signature. Four rejection modes, one accept.
-func TestBootstrapTrust_CheckpointMustBeSigned(t *testing.T) {
-	beacons := nodeIDs(5)
-	authority := newEdCheckpointAuthority(t)
-	attacker := newEdCheckpointAuthority(t) // a DIFFERENT key — not the configured authority
-	ckptID := ids.GenerateTestID()
-	const h = uint64(500_000)
-	lone := []BeaconReply{reply(beacons[0], ids.GenerateTestID(), equalStake)} // 1-of-5, below floor
-
-	base := func() *BootstrapPolicy {
-		return &BootstrapPolicy{TrustedBeacons: equalBeacons(beacons, equalStake), MinResponses: 3, CheckpointVerifier: authority}
-	}
-
-	// (1) UNSIGNED checkpoint (empty signature) → rejected even with a verifier wired.
-	p := base()
-	p.Checkpoint = &Checkpoint{ID: ckptID, Height: h}
-	_, err := p.AcceptsFrontier(context.Background(), lone)
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrInsufficientBootstrapResponses, "an UNSIGNED checkpoint must be rejected")
-
-	// (2) signed by a NON-AUTHORITY (attacker) key → rejected.
-	p = base()
-	p.Checkpoint = &Checkpoint{ID: ckptID, Height: h, Signature: attacker.sign(ckptID, h)}
-	_, err = p.AcceptsFrontier(context.Background(), lone)
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrInsufficientBootstrapResponses, "a checkpoint signed by a non-authority key must be rejected")
-
-	// (3) authority signature over a DIFFERENT (id,height) — replay onto a forged anchor → rejected.
-	p = base()
-	forgedID := ids.GenerateTestID()
-	p.Checkpoint = &Checkpoint{ID: forgedID, Height: h, Signature: authority.sign(ckptID, h)} // sig binds ckptID, not forgedID
-	_, err = p.AcceptsFrontier(context.Background(), lone)
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrInsufficientBootstrapResponses, "a signature transplanted to a different (id,height) must be rejected")
-
-	// (4) NO verifier configured → any checkpoint is untrusted (fail closed).
-	p = base()
-	p.CheckpointVerifier = nil
-	p.Checkpoint = &Checkpoint{ID: ckptID, Height: h, Signature: authority.sign(ckptID, h)}
-	_, err = p.AcceptsFrontier(context.Background(), lone)
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrInsufficientBootstrapResponses, "no verifier ⇒ even a validly-signed checkpoint is untrusted")
-
-	// (accept) authority signs the exact pinned (id,height) → trusted.
-	p = base()
-	p.Checkpoint = &Checkpoint{ID: ckptID, Height: h, Signature: authority.sign(ckptID, h)}
-	f, err := p.AcceptsFrontier(context.Background(), lone)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.True(t, f.FromCheckpoint)
-	require.Equal(t, ckptID, f.ID)
-}
-
 // ----- safety guard for the global ancestor-tolerant tally ------------------

 // TestBootstrapTrust_ForkAtSharedGenesisFailsSafe is the load-bearing guard for the
@@ -46,48 +46,17 @@ func (s *Nets) GetOrCreate(chainID ids.ID) (nets.Net, bool) {
 	return chain, true
 }

-// IsChainBootstrapped reports whether the given chain has finished initial sync
-// (reached the network frontier and transitioned its VM to normal operation) on
-// this node — Bootstrapped(chainID) was called for it in its validation net. A
-// chain that is merely tracked (its sync goroutine launched) but has NOT converged
-// reads false. This is the per-chain truth manager.IsBootstrapped / info.isBootstrapped
-// key on, replacing the mere-existence test that returned true the instant a chain
-// was added to the manager (the premature-true masking bug: a C-Chain stalled at
-// genesis reported bootstrapped=true). A chainID is added to exactly one net's
-// tracking, so the first net that reports it bootstrapped is authoritative.
-func (s *Nets) IsChainBootstrapped(chainID ids.ID) bool {
-	if s == nil {
-		return false // no net tracking wired ⇒ nothing has been marked bootstrapped
-	}
-	s.lock.RLock()
-	defer s.lock.RUnlock()
-
-	for _, chain := range s.chains {
-		if chain.IsChainBootstrapped(chainID) {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 // Bootstrapping returns the chainIDs of any chains that are still
 // bootstrapping.
-//
-// s.chains is keyed by NET id, not chain id. Reporting the key named the net
-// instead of the chain: every primary-network chain that failed to converge
-// surfaced in /v1/health as the single ID
-// "11111111111111111111111111111111LpoYY" — constants.PrimaryNetworkID, i.e.
-// ids.Empty — a "chain" the chain manager has never heard of, so the operator
-// chasing it got "there is no chain with alias/ID". Worse, N stuck chains
-// collapsed into one indistinguishable entry. Ask each net which of ITS chains
-// are still bootstrapping; the net owns that set.
 func (s *Nets) Bootstrapping() []ids.ID {
 	s.lock.RLock()
 	defer s.lock.RUnlock()

 	chainsBootstrapping := make([]ids.ID, 0, len(s.chains))
-	for _, chain := range s.chains {
-		chainsBootstrapping = append(chainsBootstrapping, chain.Bootstrapping()...)
+	for chainID, chain := range s.chains {
+		if !chain.IsBootstrapped() {
+			chainsBootstrapping = append(chainsBootstrapping, chainID)
+		}
 	}

 	return chainsBootstrapping
@@ -158,54 +158,12 @@ func TestNetsBootstrapping(t *testing.T) {
 	chain, ok := chains.GetOrCreate(netID)
 	require.True(ok)

-	// Start bootstrapping. What comes back is the CHAIN that is syncing, never
-	// the net that holds it — this assertion used to demand netID, which is
-	// how the phantom "11111111111111111111111111111111LpoYY" survived review.
+	// Start bootstrapping
 	chain.AddChain(chainID)
 	bootstrapping := chains.Bootstrapping()
-	require.Equal([]ids.ID{chainID}, bootstrapping)
-	require.NotContains(bootstrapping, netID)
+	require.Contains(bootstrapping, netID)

 	// Finish bootstrapping
 	chain.Bootstrapped(chainID)
 	require.Empty(chains.Bootstrapping())
 }
-
-// The "bootstrapped" health check publishes Nets.Bootstrapping() verbatim as
-// its message. s.chains is keyed by NET id, so returning the key reported
-// constants.PrimaryNetworkID (ids.Empty, cb58
-// "11111111111111111111111111111111LpoYY") as though it were an unbootstrapped
-// CHAIN. Operators saw a chain ID the chain manager denies exists, and every
-// stuck chain on the net collapsed into that one phantom entry.
-func TestNetsBootstrappingReportsChainsNotNets(t *testing.T) {
-	require := require.New(t)
-
-	chains, err := NewNets(ids.EmptyNodeID, map[ids.ID]nets.Config{
-		constants.PrimaryNetworkID: {},
-	})
-	require.NoError(err)
-
-	primary, _ := chains.GetOrCreate(constants.PrimaryNetworkID)
-	cChainID := ids.GenerateTestID()
-	dChainID := ids.GenerateTestID()
-	primary.AddChain(cChainID)
-	primary.AddChain(dChainID)
-
-	bootstrapping := chains.Bootstrapping()
-
-	// The phantom: never the net's own ID.
-	require.NotContains(bootstrapping, constants.PrimaryNetworkID)
-	require.NotContains(
-		bootstrapping,
-		ids.Empty,
-		"health check reported the primary NET id as an unbootstrapped chain",
-	)
-	// Both stuck chains must be individually nameable.
-	require.ElementsMatch([]ids.ID{cChainID, dChainID}, bootstrapping)
-
-	primary.Bootstrapped(cChainID)
-	require.Equal([]ids.ID{dChainID}, chains.Bootstrapping())
-
-	primary.Bootstrapped(dChainID)
-	require.Empty(chains.Bootstrapping())
-}
@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) 2019-2026, Lux Industries, Inc. All rights reserved.
-// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
-
-// context_chunk_test.go — the heavy-block self-heal fix: GetContext must bound its Ancestors
-// response by SERIALIZED SIZE (not just block COUNT) so it stays under the peer message cap.
-//
-// Benchmark-proven live bug: under 250-trader DEX load, heavy blocks made a 256-block context
-// response sum to 3.4-5.7 MB > the 2 MB compressor cap; msgCreator.Ancestors FAILED to build,
-// so a behind validator received NOTHING and could never resync (permanently stuck while the tip
-// advanced). This pins the fix: the response is chunked to fit the budget, always serving at
-// least one block so the behind node makes progress every round.
-
-package chains
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"testing"
-	"time"
-
-	consensuschain "github.com/luxfi/consensus/engine/chain"
-	consensusblock "github.com/luxfi/consensus/engine/chain/block"
-	"github.com/luxfi/constants"
-	"github.com/luxfi/ids"
-	"github.com/luxfi/log"
-	"github.com/luxfi/node/message"
-)
-
-// heavyBlock is a consensuschain.Block of a controlled byte size; only the methods GetContext
-// touches (ID/Parent/Bytes) are overridden — the rest of the interface is embedded and unused.
-type heavyBlock struct {
-	consensusblock.Block
-	id, parent ids.ID
-	bytes      []byte
-}
-
-func (b *heavyBlock) ID() ids.ID     { return b.id }
-func (b *heavyBlock) Parent() ids.ID { return b.parent }
-func (b *heavyBlock) Bytes() []byte  { return b.bytes }
-
-// sizeStubVM serves heavyBlocks by id (only GetBlock is called by GetContext).
-type sizeStubVM struct {
-	consensuschain.BlockBuilder
-	blocks map[ids.ID]consensusblock.Block
-}
-
-func (v *sizeStubVM) GetBlock(_ context.Context, id ids.ID) (consensusblock.Block, error) {
-	b, ok := v.blocks[id]
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, errors.New("not found")
-	}
-	return b, nil
-}
-
-// sizeRecMsg records the containers GetContext hands to Ancestors, so the test can measure the
-// assembled response size (the input the real zstd compressor would reject above the cap).
-type sizeRecMsg struct {
-	message.OutboundMsgBuilder
-	containers [][]byte
-}
-
-func (m *sizeRecMsg) Ancestors(_ ids.ID, _ uint32, containers [][]byte) (message.OutboundMessage, error) {
-	m.containers = containers
-	return nil, nil
-}
-
-func TestGetContext_ChunksBySize_FitsUnderCap(t *testing.T) {
-	// A 100-block chain of ~150 KiB blocks. Packed by COUNT alone (up to maxContextBlocks=256,
-	// i.e. all 100), the response is ~15 MB — 7x over the 2 MB cap, so the old handler's message
-	// failed to build. Bounded by SIZE, it serves only as many as fit.
-	const nBlocks = 100
-	const blkSize = 150 * 1024
-
-	vm := &sizeStubVM{blocks: map[ids.ID]consensusblock.Block{}}
-	parent := ids.Empty
-	var tip ids.ID
-	for i := 0; i < nBlocks; i++ {
-		id := ids.GenerateTestID()
-		vm.blocks[id] = &heavyBlock{id: id, parent: parent, bytes: make([]byte, blkSize)}
-		parent = id
-		tip = id
-	}
-
-	msg := &sizeRecMsg{}
-	bh := &blockHandler{
-		logger:           log.NewNoOpLogger(),
-		vm:               vm,
-		msgCreator:       msg,
-		net:              &redStubNet{},
-		chainID:          ids.GenerateTestID(),
-		networkID:        ids.GenerateTestID(),
-		maxContextBlocks: 256,
-	}
-
-	if err := bh.GetContext(context.Background(), ids.GenerateTestNodeID(), 1, time.Now().Add(time.Second), tip); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("GetContext: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	total := 0
-	for _, c := range msg.containers {
-		total += len(c)
-	}
-	budget := constants.DefaultMaxMessageSize - 128*1024 // the handler's byteBudget
-
-	if len(msg.containers) == 0 {
-		t.Fatal("must serve at least one block (a behind node must always make progress)")
-	}
-	if total > budget {
-		t.Fatalf("context response %d bytes exceeds budget %d — the real Ancestors compressor would REJECT it "+
-			"(cap %d), stranding a behind validator (the live bug)", total, budget, constants.DefaultMaxMessageSize)
-	}
-	if len(msg.containers) >= nBlocks {
-		t.Fatalf("expected SIZE truncation (fewer than %d blocks), got %d — response not chunked", nBlocks, len(msg.containers))
-	}
-	t.Logf("size-chunked: %d blocks, %d payload bytes (budget %d, cap %d) — fits, so the compressor accepts it",
-		len(msg.containers), total, budget, constants.DefaultMaxMessageSize)
-}
-
-// A single heavy block is ALWAYS served even if it alone exceeds the budget — the walk must never
-// deadlock (the trust-tiered validator cap gives such a block the send headroom; a stranger's
-// tight cap correctly rejects it downstream).
-func TestGetContext_SingleOversizeBlock_StillServed(t *testing.T) {
-	oversize := constants.DefaultMaxMessageSize + 1<<20 // > the cap on its own
-	id := ids.GenerateTestID()
-	vm := &sizeStubVM{blocks: map[ids.ID]consensusblock.Block{
-		id: &heavyBlock{id: id, parent: ids.Empty, bytes: make([]byte, oversize)},
-	}}
-	msg := &sizeRecMsg{}
-	bh := &blockHandler{
-		logger: log.NewNoOpLogger(), vm: vm, msgCreator: msg, net: &redStubNet{},
-		chainID: ids.GenerateTestID(), networkID: ids.GenerateTestID(), maxContextBlocks: 256,
-	}
-	if err := bh.GetContext(context.Background(), ids.GenerateTestNodeID(), 1, time.Now().Add(time.Second), id); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("GetContext: %v", err)
-	}
-	if len(msg.containers) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("a single (even oversize) block must be served so the walk never deadlocks, got %d blocks", len(msg.containers))
-	}
-}
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/luxfi/constants"
 	"github.com/luxfi/container/buffer"
 	"github.com/luxfi/crypto/bls"
-	"github.com/luxfi/crypto/mldsa"
 	"github.com/luxfi/filesystem/perms"
 	"github.com/luxfi/log"
 	"github.com/luxfi/math/set"
@@ -69,7 +68,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/luxfi/node/upgrade"
 	"github.com/luxfi/node/vms"
 	validators "github.com/luxfi/validators"
-	version "github.com/luxfi/version"
 	"github.com/luxfi/vm/fx"

 	// "github.com/luxfi/node/vms/metervm" // Temporarily disabled - needs consensus package updates
@@ -103,16 +101,6 @@ const (
 	defaultChannelSize = 1
 	initialQueueSize   = 3

-	// vmStartupTimeout bounds each VM startup/lifecycle operation (Initialize,
-	// Linearize, SetState, CreateHandlers, router AddChain, state-sync). It must
-	// be generous enough to cover a cold coreth "Regenerate historical state"
-	// pass after an unclean shutdown (observed 67-134s on mainnet C-Chain),
-	// which the previous hardcoded 30s budget blew — the context was cancelled
-	// mid-init, so the VM was marked failed and its C-Chain route never
-	// registered (the recurring post-restart 404 that needed a second restart).
-	// Bounded so a genuinely hung VM still surfaces rather than hanging forever.
-	vmStartupTimeout = 10 * time.Minute
-
 	luxNamespace          = constants.PlatformName + utilmetric.NamespaceSeparator + "lux"
 	handlerNamespace      = constants.PlatformName + utilmetric.NamespaceSeparator + "handler"
 	meterchainvmNamespace = constants.PlatformName + utilmetric.NamespaceSeparator + "meterchainvm"
@@ -172,20 +160,6 @@ var (
 	_ Manager = (*manager)(nil)
 )

-// quasarExportVM is the OPTIONAL two-tier-consensus (v1.36) export sink a VM may
-// expose: the consensus engine pushes each Quasar (⅔-by-stake) EXPORT-FINAL
-// frontier advance in, and re-seeds from the VM's durable height on boot, so the
-// VM's `finalized`/`safe` tags and cross-chain export gate track ⅔-stake
-// finality instead of the reorgable Nova accept tip. NOT part of chain.ChainVM —
-// generic VMs never implement it and run Nova-only. For a plugin VM the concrete
-// implementation is in another process; the rpcchainvm client carries these
-// across the boundary and reports whether the plugin advertised the capability
-// via SupportsQuasarExport (see the wiring in createChain).
-type quasarExportVM interface {
-	SetLastQuasarFinalized(uint64)
-	LastQuasarHeight() uint64
-}
-
 // Manager manages the chains running on this node.
 // It can:
 //   - Create a chain
@@ -245,7 +219,7 @@ type ChainParameters struct {
 	FxIDs []ids.ID
 	// Invariant: Only used when [ID] is the P-chain ID.
 	CustomBeacons validators.Manager
-	// Name of the chain (used for HTTP routing alias, e.g., /v1/bc/zoo/rpc)
+	// Name of the chain (used for HTTP routing alias, e.g., /ext/bc/zoo/rpc)
 	Name string
 }

@@ -365,19 +339,8 @@ type ManagerConfig struct {
 	SybilProtectionEnabled bool
 	StakingTLSSigner       crypto.Signer
 	StakingTLSCert         *staking.Certificate
-	// Strict-PQ proposer identity. When StakingMLDSASigner is non-nil, chains wrap
-	// their proposervm with ML-DSA-65 block signing so the signed block's
-	// Proposer() matches the ML-DSA-keyed validator set. Nil ⇒ classical TLS-leaf.
-	StakingMLDSASigner *mldsa.PrivateKey
-	StakingMLDSAPub    []byte
-	// ProposerWindowDuration overrides the proposervm proposer-slot spacing (0 ⇒
-	// the 5s mainnet default). Small local/dev nets set it low for fast cadence.
-	ProposerWindowDuration time.Duration
-	// ProposerMinBlockDelay overrides the proposervm minimum block delay (0 ⇒ the
-	// 1s default). High-throughput / DEX nets set it low (e.g. 1ms).
-	ProposerMinBlockDelay time.Duration
-	StakingBLSKey         bls.Signer
-	TracingEnabled        bool
+	StakingBLSKey          bls.Signer
+	TracingEnabled         bool
 	// Must not be used unless [TracingEnabled] is true as this may be nil.
 	Tracer                    trace.Tracer
 	Log                       log.Logger
@@ -780,7 +743,7 @@ func (m *manager) createChain(chainParams ChainParameters) {
 		// plugin shows up later (e.g. via lpm install).
 		//
 		// The old behavior (always register a failing health check) made
-		// /v1/health return 503 for any opted-out chain, which made
+		// /ext/health return 503 for any opted-out chain, which made
 		// kubelet liveness probes kill the validator pod. That made
 		// chain participation effectively all-or-nothing per validator.
 		// Now: validators participate per-plugin, opt-in.
@@ -865,7 +828,7 @@ func (m *manager) createChain(chainParams ChainParameters) {
 		m.Log.Info("VM implements CreateHandlers, calling it",
 			log.Stringer("chainID", chainParams.ID),
 		)
-		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), vmStartupTimeout)
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
 		defer cancel()
 		handlers, err := vm.CreateHandlers(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -886,13 +849,13 @@ func (m *manager) createChain(chainParams ChainParameters) {
 				chainBase := fmt.Sprintf("bc/%s", chainAlias)
 				chainIDBase := fmt.Sprintf("bc/%s", chainParams.ID.String())

-				// AddRoute will build the full path as /v1/<base><endpoint>
+				// AddRoute will build the full path as /ext/<base><endpoint>
 				m.Server.AddRoute(handler, chainBase, endpoint)
 				if chainAlias != chainParams.ID.String() {
 					m.Server.AddRoute(handler, chainIDBase, endpoint)
 				}

-				// Also register with chain name alias for user-friendly routing (e.g., /v1/bc/zoo/rpc)
+				// Also register with chain name alias for user-friendly routing (e.g., /ext/bc/zoo/rpc)
 				if chainParams.Name != "" {
 					nameLower := strings.ToLower(chainParams.Name)
 					nameBase := fmt.Sprintf("bc/%s", nameLower)
@@ -932,7 +895,7 @@ func (m *manager) createChain(chainParams ChainParameters) {

 	// Register chain with the router for message routing
 	if m.ManagerConfig.Router != nil {
-		routeCtx, routeCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), vmStartupTimeout)
+		routeCtx, routeCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
 		defer routeCancel()
 		m.ManagerConfig.Router.AddChain(routeCtx, chainParams.ID, chain.Handler)
 	}
@@ -965,16 +928,16 @@ func (m *manager) createChain(chainParams ChainParameters) {
 	m.Log.Info("║ VM ID:", log.Stringer("vmID", chainParams.VMID))
 	m.Log.Info("║ Network ID:", log.Stringer("chainID", chainParams.ChainID))
 	m.Log.Info("║ Endpoints available at:")
-	m.Log.Info("║   → /v1/bc/" + chainParams.ID.String())
+	m.Log.Info("║   → /ext/bc/" + chainParams.ID.String())
 	if chainAlias != chainParams.ID.String() {
-		m.Log.Info("║   → /v1/bc/" + chainAlias)
+		m.Log.Info("║   → /ext/bc/" + chainAlias)
 	}
 	m.Log.Info("╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝")

 	// Tell the chain to start processing messages.
 	// If the X, P, or C Chain panics, do not attempt to recover
 	if chain.Engine != nil {
-		startCtx, startCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), vmStartupTimeout)
+		startCtx, startCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
 		defer startCancel()
 		chain.Engine.Start(startCtx, !m.CriticalChains.Contains(chainParams.ID))

@@ -1132,27 +1095,18 @@ func (m *manager) buildChain(chainParams ChainParameters, sb nets.Net) (*chainIn
 		}

 		// expectsStakedBeacons gates the EMPTY-beacon-set behavior of the bootstrap frontier
-		// quorum (see blockHandler.expectsStakedBeacons). True for a native NON-platform chain
-		// (C/X/Q/...) on a SYBIL-PROTECTED (real staked) network — those sync against the STAKED
+		// quorum (see blockHandler.expectsStakedBeacons). True ONLY for a native NON-platform
+		// chain (C/X/Q/...) on a sybil-protected network — those sync against the STAKED
 		// primary-network validator set (m.Validators, populated by the already-bootstrapped
 		// P-chain), so an empty set means "not yet loaded / misconfig → wait then fail safe",
-		// NOT "single-node → done". Driven by sybil-protection, NOT --skip-bootstrap: a production
-		// validator sets skip-bootstrap and that must NOT make it masquerade as single-node and
-		// wedge behind at its stale local tip (tasks #66/#74). See chainExpectsStakedBeacons.
-		// Discriminate on the validating Net (chainParams.ChainID), NOT the blockchain ID:
-		// deployed C/X/Q carry HASH blockchain IDs, and ids.IsNativeChain only matches the
-		// symbolic 111...C alias form (no deployed chain has it). Keying off the blockchain ID
-		// (the prior ids.IsNativeChain(chainParams.ID)) was therefore ALWAYS false for the real
-		// C-Chain, leaving this fix inert — the exact wedge #66/#74 set out to kill fired anyway.
-		isPrimaryNetworkChain := chainValidatesOnPrimaryNetwork(chainParams.ChainID)
-		expectsStakedBeacons := chainExpectsStakedBeacons(m.SybilProtectionEnabled, isPrimaryNetworkChain, isPlatformChain)
+		// NOT "single-node → done". The P-chain (CustomBeacons may be empty under endpoint-only
+		// --bootstrap-nodes) and skip-bootstrap keep the "empty ⇒ nothing to sync to" behavior.
+		// Computed BEFORE the skip-bootstrap override so it is false in single-node mode.
+		expectsStakedBeacons := !m.SkipBootstrap && ids.IsNativeChain(chainParams.ID) && !isPlatformChain

-		// skip-bootstrap forces empty beacons (single-node immediate-start) for every chain EXCEPT
-		// one that syncs against the staked set — those MUST always catch a behind validator up from
-		// its peers, so emptying their beacons (the prior UNCONDITIONAL override) is precisely the
-		// rejoin wedge this fixes. A genuine single-node / dev net runs sybil-protection OFF, so its
-		// native chains still fall here and get the empty-beacon immediate-start path.
-		if m.SkipBootstrap && !expectsStakedBeacons {
+		// In skip-bootstrap mode, use empty beacons for all chains
+		// This enables single-node development mode
+		if m.SkipBootstrap {
 			beacons = &emptyValidatorManager{}
 			m.Log.Info("skip-bootstrap enabled - using empty beacons for single-node mode")
 		}
@@ -1208,7 +1162,7 @@ func (m *manager) buildChain(chainParams ChainParameters, sb nets.Net) (*chainIn
 		vmConfigBytes := m.injectAutominingConfig(chainParams.VMID, chainConfig.Config)
 		vmConfigBytes = m.injectSecurityProfileConfig(chainParams.VMID, vmConfigBytes)
 		// CONSENSUS-SAFETY (single-proposer-per-height): re-wrap multi-validator
-		// linear chains in proposervm so block production follows the proposervm's
+		// linear chains in proposervm so block production follows the Snowman++
 		// proposer schedule — exactly ONE validator builds height H, the rest wait
 		// and vote. Without it every validator's engine calls BuildBlock
 		// UNCONDITIONALLY at every height off a slightly-different mempool, so two
@@ -1245,10 +1199,6 @@ func (m *manager) buildChain(chainParams ChainParameters, sb nets.Net) (*chainIn
 				return nil, fmt.Errorf("refusing to start multi-node chain %s with non-BFT consensus params: %w", chainParams.ID, err)
 			}
 		}
-		// v1.36 "Nova": the round-scoped VIEW-CHANGE (prevote/POL/lock) was DELETED from the
-		// consensus engine (174af3c31). Nova metastable sampling is the sole decider and the ⅔
-		// Quasar attestation trails it — there is no view-change to opt into, so the former
-		// LUX_CONSENSUS_VIEW_CHANGE env gate is gone. Keep the braid dead.
 		_, innerIsDAGNative := vmTyped.(interface {
 			Linearize(context.Context, ids.ID, chan<- vm.Message) error
 		})
@@ -1293,31 +1243,24 @@ func (m *manager) buildChain(chainParams ChainParameters, sb nets.Net) (*chainIn
 			if regErr != nil {
 				return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to register proposervm metrics for chain %s: %w", chainParams.ID, regErr)
 			}
-			minBlkDelay := proposervm.DefaultMinBlockDelay
-			if m.ProposerMinBlockDelay > 0 {
-				minBlkDelay = m.ProposerMinBlockDelay
-			}
 			engineVM = proposervm.New(vmTyped, proposervm.Config{
-				Upgrades:               m.Upgrades,
-				NetworkID:              networkID, // CRITICAL-3: windower uses the SAME set ID as the cert side
-				MinBlkDelay:            minBlkDelay,
-				NumHistoricalBlocks:    proposervm.DefaultNumHistoricalBlocks,
-				StakingLeafSigner:      m.StakingTLSSigner,
-				StakingCertLeaf:        m.StakingTLSCert,
-				StakingMLDSASigner:     m.StakingMLDSASigner,
-				StakingMLDSAPub:        m.StakingMLDSAPub,
-				ProposerWindowDuration: m.ProposerWindowDuration,
-				Registerer:             proposervmReg,
+				Upgrades:            m.Upgrades,
+				NetworkID:           networkID, // CRITICAL-3: windower uses the SAME set ID as the cert side
+				MinBlkDelay:         proposervm.DefaultMinBlockDelay,
+				NumHistoricalBlocks: proposervm.DefaultNumHistoricalBlocks,
+				StakingLeafSigner:   m.StakingTLSSigner,
+				StakingCertLeaf:     m.StakingTLSCert,
+				Registerer:          proposervmReg,
 			})
 			m.Log.Info("wrapping chain VM in proposervm for single-proposer-per-height block production",
 				log.Stringer("chainID", chainParams.ID),
 				log.Int("K", consensusParams.K),
 				log.Stringer("windowerNetworkID", networkID),
-				log.Duration("minBlockDelay", minBlkDelay))
+				log.Duration("minBlockDelay", proposervm.DefaultMinBlockDelay))
 		}

 		m.Log.Info("initializing VM", log.Stringer("chainID", chainParams.ID))
-		initCtx, initCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), vmStartupTimeout)
+		initCtx, initCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
 		defer initCancel()
 		// Initialize THROUGH engineVM. proposervm.Initialize builds its windower
 		// from chainRuntime.ValidatorState, then initializes the inner VM with the
@@ -1385,7 +1328,7 @@ func (m *manager) buildChain(chainParams ChainParameters, sb nets.Net) (*chainIn
 		}); ok {
 			m.Log.Info("linearizing DAG-native VM into linear block mode",
 				log.Stringer("chainID", chainParams.ID))
-			linCtx, linCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), vmStartupTimeout)
+			linCtx, linCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
 			if err := linearVM.Linearize(linCtx, ids.Empty, toEngine); err != nil {
 				linCancel()
 				m.Log.Error("failed to linearize VM",
@@ -1418,7 +1361,7 @@ func (m *manager) buildChain(chainParams ChainParameters, sb nets.Net) (*chainIn
 		}); ok {
 			m.Log.Info("transitioning VM to bootstrapping (initial sync gates normal operation)",
 				log.Stringer("chainID", chainParams.ID))
-			stateCtx, stateCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), vmStartupTimeout)
+			stateCtx, stateCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
 			if err := stateVM.SetState(stateCtx, uint32(vm.Bootstrapping)); err != nil {
 				stateCancel()
 				m.Log.Error("failed to transition VM to bootstrapping",
@@ -1562,7 +1505,7 @@ func (m *manager) buildChain(chainParams ChainParameters, sb nets.Net) (*chainIn
 			// the proposervm, whose SignedBlock carries the real P-chain height
 			// (selectChildPChainHeight = max(GetCurrentHeight, parentH)) and exposes
 			// PChainHeight() — the SAME value the engine's pChainHeightOf reads. That
-			// is precisely the proposervm mechanism newPChainHeightVM was a stand-in
+			// is precisely the Snowman++ mechanism newPChainHeightVM was a stand-in
 			// for, so stacking both would double-stamp the height. We keep
 			// newPChainHeightVM only for the unwrapped K>1 chains (P-Chain, X-Chain).
 			if blockBuilder != nil && !wrapInProposerVM {
@@ -1573,56 +1516,8 @@ func (m *manager) buildChain(chainParams ChainParameters, sb nets.Net) (*chainIn
 					log.Stringer("networkID", networkID))
 			}
 		}
-		// EXPORT-FRONTIER BRIDGE (two-tier consensus, v1.36). VM.Accept now advances the
-		// local NOVA (bare-majority) accept tip, which is reorgable and MUST NOT be exported.
-		// Push each EXPORT (Quasar, ⅔-by-stake) frontier advance into the VM so the EVM
-		// `finalized`/`safe` block tags and the warp cross-chain export gate resolve to the
-		// Quasar tip, NEVER the Nova tip (the "semantic collapse" the split exists to prevent).
-		//
-		// Capability-gated, not just interface-gated: the C-Chain EVM runs as a SEPARATE
-		// rpcchainvm plugin process, so vmTyped here is the rpcchainvm *Client, which carries
-		// SetLastQuasarFinalized/LastQuasarHeight for EVERY plugin (they cross the ZAP
-		// boundary). The client learns from the plugin's Initialize handshake whether the
-		// concrete VM actually implements the export capability and reports it via
-		// SupportsQuasarExport — false → the observer stays unwired and this chain is Nova-only
-		// with no per-finalization cross-process no-op. A VM WITHOUT the probe (an in-process
-		// VM whose concrete export methods we hold directly) is treated as capable, preserving
-		// the direct-wire path. Push into the RAW inner VM (vmTyped) — the eth/warp backends
-		// live there, not on the proposervm wrapper.
-		//
-		// Ordering: the observer MUST be set on netCfg BEFORE NewRuntime captures it; the boot
-		// re-seed needs the constructed engine and so runs after. exportVM (nil unless capable)
-		// carries the wired/not-wired decision across that split — a value, not a re-derived
-		// predicate.
-		var exportVM quasarExportVM
-		if qvm, ok := vmTyped.(quasarExportVM); ok {
-			capable := true
-			if probe, hasProbe := vmTyped.(interface{ SupportsQuasarExport() bool }); hasProbe {
-				capable = probe.SupportsQuasarExport()
-			}
-			if capable {
-				exportVM = qvm
-				netCfg.QuasarObserver = func(_ ids.ID, height uint64) {
-					qvm.SetLastQuasarFinalized(height)
-				}
-				m.Log.Info("wired EXPORT-frontier (quasar) bridge into the VM (finalized/safe + warp gate track ⅔-stake finality)",
-					log.Stringer("chainID", chainParams.ID))
-			}
-		}
 		consensusEngine := consensuschain.NewRuntime(netCfg)

-		// Re-seed the consensus EXPORT frontier from the VM's DURABLE Quasar height so
-		// GetQuasarTip / QuasarHeight do not regress on restart (the in-memory frontier resets
-		// to (Empty,0) until a fresh ⅔-stake cert re-forms; the VM persisted the export height).
-		// Advance-only; the observer above refines it as new certs land this session.
-		if exportVM != nil {
-			if h := exportVM.LastQuasarHeight(); h > 0 {
-				consensusEngine.SyncQuasarFrontier(ids.Empty, h)
-				m.Log.Info("re-seeded consensus export (quasar) frontier from the VM's durable height on boot",
-					log.Stringer("chainID", chainParams.ID), log.Uint64("quasarHeight", h))
-			}
-		}
-
 		// Start the consensus engine with a LIFETIME context (not a timeout):
 		// engine.Start parents all four long-running loops (poll, vote, pipeline,
 		// re-poll) to this ctx, so a WithTimeout here kills them ~30s after the
@@ -1637,7 +1532,7 @@ func (m *manager) buildChain(chainParams ChainParameters, sb nets.Net) (*chainIn
 		m.Log.Info("consensus engine started with Lux consensus (Photon → Wave → Focus)",
 			log.Stringer("chainID", chainParams.ID))
 		if blockBuilder != nil {
-			syncCtx, syncCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), vmStartupTimeout)
+			syncCtx, syncCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
 			defer syncCancel()
 			lastAcceptedID, height, err := consensuschain.SyncStateFromVM(syncCtx, blockBuilder, consensusEngine.Transitive)
 			if err != nil {
@@ -1705,10 +1600,7 @@ func (m *manager) buildChain(chainParams ChainParameters, sb nets.Net) (*chainIn
 		// through (blockBuilder == the P-chain-height wrapper on K>1, the inner VM
 		// on K==1), so the container bytes it parses match the bytes the engine
 		// framed — one codec, no raw-vs-wrapped split.
-		// engineVM is the connectable VM (the proposervm on a wrapped chain, the
-		// inner VM otherwise); it carries Connected/Disconnected, which the router
-		// dispatches so the P-chain uptime tracker observes validator connectivity.
-		bh := newBlockHandler(blockBuilder, engineVM, m.Log, consensusEngine, m.Net, m.MsgCreator, chainParams.ID, networkID, beacons, m.NodeID, expectsStakedBeacons)
+		bh := newBlockHandler(blockBuilder, m.Log, consensusEngine, m.Net, m.MsgCreator, chainParams.ID, networkID, beacons, m.NodeID, expectsStakedBeacons)
 		// Gate this native chain's bootstrap frontier-TRUST on the P-chain having finished its
 		// initial sync, so the staked beacon set (and thus the stake-majority floor denominator)
 		// is the TRUE full validator set, not a partial mid-replay set. Wired ONLY for native
@@ -1909,7 +1801,7 @@ func (m *manager) createDAG(
 	}

 	// Create a context for VM initialization with timeout
-	initCtx, cancelInit := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), vmStartupTimeout)
+	initCtx, cancelInit := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
 	defer cancelInit() // Ensure cleanup on function exit

 	// Initialize VM if it supports Initialize
@@ -2077,7 +1969,7 @@ func (m *manager) createDAG(

 	// Register HTTP handlers for DAG VMs (exchangevm, qvm, etc.)
 	adapter := &dagVMAdapter{underlying: vmImpl}
-	dagHandlerCtx, dagHandlerCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), vmStartupTimeout)
+	dagHandlerCtx, dagHandlerCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
 	defer dagHandlerCancel()
 	handlers, err := adapter.CreateHandlers(dagHandlerCtx)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -2188,7 +2080,7 @@ func (m *manager) monitorBootstrap(engine Engine, h handler.Handler, sb nets.Net
 	// this true. The no-progress watchdog treats it as a deliberate quorum WAIT, not a stall: it must
 	// NOT force-STOP a node that is correctly failing safe DOWN and waiting for its quorum to return
 	// (the network cannot progress without the quorum, and the K8s probes — all polling the
-	// always-green /v1/health/liveness — would never restart it, so a stop here is a permanent
+	// always-green /ext/health/liveness — would never restart it, so a stop here is a permanent
 	// brick). The node stays in Bootstrapping (serving nothing as head) and converges when the quorum
 	// returns. nil for degenerate handlers (legacy behavior).
 	type bootstrapConnector interface{ BootstrapConnecting() bool }
@@ -2360,17 +2252,6 @@ func watchBootstrapProgress(
 	}
 }

-// IsBootstrapped reports whether [id] has ACTUALLY finished initial sync on this
-// node: the chain exists AND its validation net has marked it bootstrapped —
-// monitorBootstrap called sb.Bootstrapped(id) only after runInitialSync reached the
-// named network frontier and transitioned the VM to normal operation (head advanced
-// to the frontier, eth-RPC serving live). The old body returned true the instant the
-// chain merely EXISTED in m.chains — set right after createChain launched the (async,
-// possibly-stalling) bootstrap goroutine — so a C-Chain stalled at genesis (head 0x0,
-// never converged) still reported info.isBootstrapped(C)=true, masking the stall from
-// any readiness gate keyed on it. Keying on the SAME sb.Bootstrapped signal the health
-// check (m.Nets.Bootstrapping) already uses makes info.isBootstrapped track real state,
-// so a hands-off rolling upgrade's wait-for-healthy gate can trust it.
 func (m *manager) IsBootstrapped(id ids.ID) bool {
 	m.chainsLock.Lock()
 	_, exists := m.chains[id]
@@ -2378,7 +2259,9 @@ func (m *manager) IsBootstrapped(id ids.ID) bool {
 	if !exists {
 		return false
 	}
-	return m.Nets.IsChainBootstrapped(id)
+
+	// Bootstrapped chains start in NormalOp
+	return true
 }

 func (m *manager) GetChains() []ChainInfo {
@@ -2388,12 +2271,10 @@ func (m *manager) GetChains() []ChainInfo {
 	result := make([]ChainInfo, 0, len(m.chains))
 	for id, info := range m.chains {
 		result = append(result, ChainInfo{
-			ID:   id,
-			Name: info.Name,
-			VMID: info.VMID,
-			// Real per-chain convergence, not mere existence (same fix as IsBootstrapped):
-			// a tracked-but-still-syncing chain reports Bootstrapped=false.
-			Bootstrapped: m.Nets.IsChainBootstrapped(id),
+			ID:           id,
+			Name:         info.Name,
+			VMID:         info.VMID,
+			Bootstrapped: true,
 		})
 	}
 	return result
@@ -2696,43 +2577,6 @@ func (m *manager) getOrMakeVMGatherer(vmID ids.ID) (metrics.MultiGatherer, error
 	return vmGatherer, nil
 }

-// chainExpectsStakedBeacons reports whether a chain must sync its bootstrap frontier against the
-// STAKED primary-network validator set — the ⅔-by-stake quorum that names the network frontier
-// (blockHandler.expectsStakedBeacons, the C1 forged-chain gate). When true, --skip-bootstrap does
-// NOT empty the chain's beacon set (buildChain below), so a behind validator always catches up
-// from its peers.
-//
-// It is driven by SYBIL PROTECTION — the true "this is a real staked network" signal — and NOT by
-// --skip-bootstrap. Production validators set --skip-bootstrap to skip the initial bootstrap WAIT,
-// but that flag must NEVER disable peer-sync on a staked network. Keying this decision off
-// --skip-bootstrap (the prior `!m.SkipBootstrap && ...`) is exactly what wedged a behind native
-// chain (C/X/Q...): with skip-bootstrap set, the chain got expectsStakedBeacons=false + empty
-// beacons, so FrontierTip reported FrontierNoBeacons ("nothing to sync to"), the node named its
-// STALE local last-accepted the network frontier, went live there, and never caught up across
-// restarts until a manual chaindata wipe (tasks #66/#74). A genuine single-node / dev network runs
-// sybil-protection OFF, so it still takes the empty-beacon immediate-start path. The platform chain
-// anchors to its own CustomBeacons (not the staked set), so it is excluded here as before; a
-// single-VALIDATOR staked net (self-only set) is handled downstream by FrontierTip's
-// hasExternalBeacons rule, which reads the LOADED set.
-func chainExpectsStakedBeacons(sybilProtectionEnabled, isPrimaryNetworkChain, isPlatformChain bool) bool {
-	return sybilProtectionEnabled && isPrimaryNetworkChain && !isPlatformChain
-}
-
-// chainValidatesOnPrimaryNetwork reports whether a chain's validating Net IS the primary
-// network — the correct discriminator for the "native" C/X/Q/... set that syncs its bootstrap
-// frontier against the primary-network STAKED validator set. It keys off the validating Net
-// (subnet) ID, NOT the blockchain ID: deployed C/X/Q carry HASH blockchain IDs, whereas
-// ids.IsNativeChain only ever matches the symbolic 111...C alias form that NO deployed chain
-// uses (only the P-chain, at PlatformChainID=111...P, has a symbolic blockchain ID — and it is
-// excluded as the platform chain anyway). Keying the durable-rejoin discriminator off the
-// blockchain ID (the prior ids.IsNativeChain(chainParams.ID)) therefore silently excluded every
-// real C/X/Q and left the fix inert across restarts (#66/#74). The validating Net is
-// PrimaryNetworkID for C/X/Q and each sovereign L1's own net ID for an L2, so this correctly
-// keeps the empty-beacon single-node path for L2s while re-enabling peer-sync for C/X/Q.
-func chainValidatesOnPrimaryNetwork(validatingNetID ids.ID) bool {
-	return validatingNetID == constants.PrimaryNetworkID
-}
-
 // emptyValidatorManager implements validators.Manager with no validators
 type emptyValidatorManager struct{}

@@ -2848,15 +2692,6 @@ type blockHandler struct {
 	chainID    ids.ID                     // Chain ID for message routing
 	networkID  ids.ID                     // Network ID for validator routing

-	// connector receives peer connect/disconnect notifications routed from the
-	// node's chainRouter and forwards them to this chain's VM (e.g. the P-chain
-	// uptime tracker; other VMs use them for their own peer sets). connectedNodes
-	// dedups delivery so a peer the router dispatches once per tracked network is
-	// forwarded to the VM exactly once. A nil connector makes forwarding a no-op.
-	connector      chain.ChainVM
-	connMu         sync.Mutex
-	connectedNodes set.Set[ids.NodeID]
-
 	// Context sync support - when a block fails verification due to missing context,
 	// we request the prerequisite blocks from the peer to catch up
 	pendingContext   map[ids.ID]contextRequest // Map from blockID to pending context request
@@ -2888,21 +2723,13 @@ type blockHandler struct {
 	// tells monitorBootstrap's no-progress watchdog this is a deliberate WAIT for the quorum to
 	// return (the network cannot make progress without it), NOT a stall — so the watchdog does not
 	// force-STOP a node that is correctly failing safe and waiting, which (given the K8s probes only
-	// poll the always-green /v1/health/liveness) would otherwise be a permanent brick.
+	// poll the always-green /ext/health/liveness) would otherwise be a permanent brick.
 	bootstrapConnecting gatomic.Bool
 	bsActive            gatomic.Bool             // true while the bootstrap loop is driving
-	bsMu                sync.Mutex               // guards bsFrontierCh + bsAncestorCh + bsAheadBeacons
+	bsMu                sync.Mutex               // guards bsFrontierCh + bsAncestorCh
 	bsFrontierCh        chan bsFrontierReply     // weighted frontier replies for the current FrontierTip
 	bsAncestorCh        map[uint32]chan [][]byte // requestID -> ancestors reply for the current Ancestors
 	bsRotor             gatomic.Uint32           // round-robins the Ancestors peer sample (M1: no monopoly)
-	// bsAheadBeacons is the set of beacons whose accepted tip, reported in the most recent
-	// FrontierTip round, is a block this node does NOT hold — i.e. beacons genuinely AHEAD that
-	// therefore HAVE the ancestry the descent needs. sampleAncestorBeacons prefers them so a
-	// re-bootstrapping node asks GetAncestors of peers that can serve, never wasting the sample on
-	// peers still at genesis (the ava PeerTracker "ask a prover" bias, without a full tracker).
-	// Recorded in collectFrontierReplies; empty ⇒ sampleAncestorBeacons falls back to the full
-	// rotated set (identical to prior behavior). Guarded by bsMu.
-	bsAheadBeacons set.Set[ids.NodeID]

 	// vmReady transitions the VM to NORMAL OPERATION (vm.Ready → the EVM's
 	// onNormalOperationsStarted: block building, mempool gossip, validator dispatch).
@@ -2999,7 +2826,7 @@ type blockHandler struct {
 	// DOWN — never live at a stale height) and CONVERGES the instant the quorum returns. ≤0 ⇒
 	// UNLIMITED (retry until the quorum returns or shutdown) — the production default, because a
 	// node without a quorum must keep trying to rejoin and the K8s liveness probe does NOT restart
-	// it (all luxd probes poll the always-green /v1/health/liveness). A STRUCTURAL failure (deep
+	// it (all luxd probes poll the always-green /ext/health/liveness). A STRUCTURAL failure (deep
 	// gap → state-sync) is never retried regardless. Tests pin it to 1 to assert the single-attempt
 	// terminal fail-safe in isolation.
 	bootstrapMaxAttempts int
@@ -3031,10 +2858,9 @@ type contextRequest struct {
 	timestamp time.Time
 }

-func newBlockHandler(vm consensuschain.BlockBuilder, connector chain.ChainVM, logger log.Logger, engine *consensuschain.Runtime, net network.Network, msgCreator message.OutboundMsgBuilder, chainID ids.ID, networkID ids.ID, beacons validators.Manager, selfNodeID ids.NodeID, expectsStakedBeacons bool) *blockHandler {
+func newBlockHandler(vm consensuschain.BlockBuilder, logger log.Logger, engine *consensuschain.Runtime, net network.Network, msgCreator message.OutboundMsgBuilder, chainID ids.ID, networkID ids.ID, beacons validators.Manager, selfNodeID ids.NodeID, expectsStakedBeacons bool) *blockHandler {
 	return &blockHandler{
 		vm:                   vm,
-		connector:            connector,
 		logger:               logger,
 		engine:               engine,
 		net:                  net,
@@ -3047,7 +2873,6 @@ func newBlockHandler(vm consensuschain.BlockBuilder, connector chain.ChainVM, lo
 		pendingContext:       make(map[ids.ID]contextRequest),
 		maxContextBlocks:     256, // Default max context blocks to request/serve
 		pendingQbits:         make(map[ids.ID][]QbitEvent),
-		connectedNodes:       set.NewSet[ids.NodeID](16),
 		bsAncestorCh:         make(map[uint32]chan [][]byte),
 	}
 }
@@ -3269,45 +3094,14 @@ func (b *blockHandler) requestContext(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID, bl
 		return
 	}

-	// PEER SELECTION (defect #3). The consensus layer signals "I hold a VERIFIED cert
-	// for a block I don't track — fetch it" by passing ids.EmptyNodeID (topology.go:
-	// requestCatchup(cert.Position.BlockID, ids.EmptyNodeID)); picking a real peer is
-	// the node layer's job. The prior code blindly Add(EmptyNodeID) + Send, so
-	// GetAncestors went to ZERO peers (the "sentTo=0" spam on the frozen fleet) and the
-	// certified-but-untracked block was NEVER fetched — the node saw the cert, could not
-	// finalize, and never recovered. When nodeID is Empty, sample real connected peers
-	// that track this chain's network (the SAME selection pollFrontierOnce uses); a valid
-	// cert already gated this request, so asking any network peer is sound (the served
-	// gap is cert-verified on accept).
-	nodeSet := set.NewSet[ids.NodeID](frontierPollSample)
-	if nodeID == ids.EmptyNodeID {
-		for _, p := range b.net.PeerInfo(nil) {
-			if p.TrackedChains.Contains(b.networkID) {
-				nodeSet.Add(p.ID)
-				if nodeSet.Len() >= frontierPollSample {
-					break
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		nodeSet.Add(nodeID)
-	}
-	if nodeSet.Len() == 0 {
-		// No reachable peer to serve the block. Release the pending slot so a later tick
-		// (frontier poll → AcceptedFrontier, or a re-gossiped cert) can retry — otherwise
-		// the block stays pinned unrequestable until the TTL reap.
-		b.contextRequestMu.Lock()
-		delete(b.pendingContext, blockID)
-		b.contextRequestMu.Unlock()
-		return
-	}
+	nodeSet := set.NewSet[ids.NodeID](1)
+	nodeSet.Add(nodeID)

 	sentTo := b.net.Send(msg, nodeSet, b.networkID, 0)
 	b.logger.Info("requested context for missing prerequisites",
 		log.Stringer("from", nodeID),
 		log.Stringer("blockID", blockID),
 		log.Uint32("requestID", requestID),
-		log.Int("asked", nodeSet.Len()),
 		log.Int("sentTo", sentTo.Len()))
 }

@@ -3397,31 +3191,10 @@ func (b *blockHandler) GetContext(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID, reques
 		log.Stringer("containerID", containerID),
 		log.Uint32("requestID", requestID))

-	// Collect context blocks (walk parent chain).
-	//
-	// SIZE-CHUNKING (the heavy-DEX-block self-heal fix). The response is the Ancestors
-	// wire message, whose UNCOMPRESSED size the peer compressor refuses above the message
-	// cap (constants.DefaultMaxMessageSize; the zstd compressor bounds its input to prevent a
-	// decompression bomb). The old loop bounded ONLY by COUNT (maxContextBlocks=256), so under
-	// heavy DEX load 256 blocks summed to 3.4-5.7 MB > the 2 MB cap, msgCreator.Ancestors FAILED
-	// to build, and the behind validator got NOTHING — it could never resync and fell
-	// permanently behind (the benchmark-proven stall). We now ALSO bound by serialized size:
-	// stop before the accumulated payload would exceed the budget, but ALWAYS include at least
-	// one block so a behind node makes progress every round; the requester re-requests for the
-	// remaining gap (GetAncestors/context is already a multi-round, oldest-first fill). A single
-	// block that alone exceeds the budget is still served (best-effort) so the walk never
-	// deadlocks — the trust-tiered validator cap (peer layer) gives such a block the headroom to
-	// actually send; for a stranger it will be refused by the tight cap, which is correct.
+	// Collect context blocks (walk parent chain)
 	var containers [][]byte
 	currentID := containerID

-	// Leave margin under the cap for the p2p envelope (chainID, requestID, per-container length
-	// prefixes, compression framing) so the assembled message stays comfortably below the limit.
-	const contextResponseMargin = 128 * 1024 // 128 KiB
-	byteBudget := constants.DefaultMaxMessageSize - contextResponseMargin
-	accumulated := 0
-	truncatedForSize := false
-
 	for i := 0; i < b.maxContextBlocks; i++ {
 		// First check pending blocks (for recently proposed but not yet accepted blocks)
 		// This is critical: when we propose a block and send PullQuery, other validators
@@ -3452,14 +3225,6 @@ func (b *blockHandler) GetContext(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID, reques
 			certBytes, _ = b.engine.CertForBlock(blk.ID())
 		}
 		entry := encodeCatchupEntry(blk.Bytes(), certBytes)
-
-		// SIZE GATE: stop before exceeding the budget — but never drop the FIRST block, so a
-		// behind node always receives at least one block per request and cannot deadlock.
-		if len(containers) > 0 && accumulated+len(entry) > byteBudget {
-			truncatedForSize = true
-			break
-		}
-		accumulated += len(entry)
 		containers = append([][]byte{entry}, containers...)

 		// Get parent ID for next iteration
@@ -3495,8 +3260,6 @@ func (b *blockHandler) GetContext(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID, reques
 		log.Stringer("to", nodeID),
 		log.Stringer("containerID", containerID),
 		log.Int("numBlocks", len(containers)),
-		log.Int("payloadBytes", accumulated),
-		log.Bool("truncatedForSize", truncatedForSize),
 		log.Int("sentTo", sentTo.Len()))

 	return nil
@@ -3634,28 +3397,15 @@ func (b *blockHandler) AcceptedFrontier(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID,
 	if b.deliverBootstrapFrontier(nodeID, containerID) {
 		return nil
 	}
-	if blk, err := b.vm.GetBlock(ctx, containerID); err == nil {
-		// HAVE-BLOCK, LACK-FINALIZATION (defect #5). Holding the peer's tip block does NOT
-		// mean we are caught up. A verified-but-unfinalized block (we voted for it, but the
-		// α-of-K cert never reached us) leaves us behind on the CERT, not the block bytes.
-		// The prior check returned "not behind" on GetBlock success, so such a node NEVER
-		// fetched the missing cert and sat stuck at its unfinalized height forever (the exact
-		// "verified 288 but no cert" condition). Only "have the block AND it is finalized
-		// here" is truly not-behind; otherwise fall through to fetch the cert-carrying gap so
-		// AcceptCatchupBlock can finalize it on its verified cert (no re-vote).
-		if b.engine == nil {
-			return nil
-		}
-		if fin, ok := b.engine.FinalizedBlockAtHeight(blk.Height()); ok && fin == containerID {
-			return nil // have the block AND finalized it — truly not behind
-		}
-		// have the block but not finalized here → behind on the cert → fetch below
-	} else if b.engine != nil {
+	if _, err := b.vm.GetBlock(ctx, containerID); err == nil {
+		return nil // we already have the peer's tip — not behind
+	}
+	if b.engine != nil {
 		if _, found := b.engine.GetPendingBlock(containerID); found {
-			return nil // already tracked (pending) — the live path is handling it
+			return nil // already tracked
 		}
 	}
-	b.requestContext(ctx, nodeID, containerID) // behind (missing block OR its cert) → fetch the gap
+	b.requestContext(ctx, nodeID, containerID) // behind → fetch the gap
 	return nil
 }

@@ -4066,69 +3816,9 @@ func (b *blockHandler) GetStateSummary(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID, r
 func (b *blockHandler) StateSummary(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID, requestID uint32, summary []byte) error {
 	return nil
 }
-
-// Connected satisfies handler.Handler, whose interface carries no peer version.
-// The real delivery path is ConnectedWithVersion (chainRouter uses it via the
-// versionedConnector capability); this nil-version entry exists only for the
-// interface contract and any non-router caller.
-func (b *blockHandler) Connected(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID) error {
-	return b.connect(ctx, nodeID, nil)
-}
-
-// ConnectedWithVersion forwards a peer connection WITH its real application
-// version to this chain's VM. chainRouter invokes this (detecting the
-// versionedConnector capability) so the version survives to the inner VM:
-// proposervm promotes Connected to the C-Chain (coreth), whose state-sync peer
-// tracker compares peer versions — a nil version there dereferences nil and
-// panics a state-syncing node (a fresh join OR a validator rejoining after
-// falling behind). This mirrors avalanchego, which delivers msg.NodeVersion to
-// engine.Connected.
-func (b *blockHandler) ConnectedWithVersion(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID, nodeVersion *version.Application) error {
-	return b.connect(ctx, nodeID, nodeVersion)
-}
-
-// connect forwards a peer connection to this chain's VM exactly once, carrying
-// nodeVersion (nil only on the interface path). The P-chain VM records it in its
-// uptime tracker; the C-Chain/X-Chain VMs store the version for their peer sets.
-// A nil connector makes this a no-op. On a forwarding error the dedup entry is
-// rolled back so a subsequent dispatch of the same connection retries.
-func (b *blockHandler) connect(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID, nodeVersion *version.Application) error {
-	if b.connector == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	b.connMu.Lock()
-	if b.connectedNodes.Contains(nodeID) {
-		b.connMu.Unlock()
-		return nil
-	}
-	b.connectedNodes.Add(nodeID)
-	b.connMu.Unlock()
-
-	if err := b.connector.Connected(ctx, nodeID, nodeVersion); err != nil {
-		b.connMu.Lock()
-		b.connectedNodes.Remove(nodeID)
-		b.connMu.Unlock()
-		return err
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// Disconnected forwards a peer disconnection to this chain's VM exactly once.
-func (b *blockHandler) Disconnected(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID) error {
-	if b.connector == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	b.connMu.Lock()
-	if !b.connectedNodes.Contains(nodeID) {
-		b.connMu.Unlock()
-		return nil
-	}
-	b.connectedNodes.Remove(nodeID)
-	b.connMu.Unlock()
-
-	return b.connector.Disconnected(ctx, nodeID)
-}
-func (b *blockHandler) HealthCheck(ctx context.Context) (interface{}, error) { return nil, nil }
+func (b *blockHandler) Connected(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID) error    { return nil }
+func (b *blockHandler) Disconnected(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID) error { return nil }
+func (b *blockHandler) HealthCheck(ctx context.Context) (interface{}, error)      { return nil, nil }
 func (b *blockHandler) Stop(ctx context.Context) {
 	if b.pollerCancel != nil {
 		b.pollerCancel()
@@ -4415,10 +4105,6 @@ func (g *networkGossiper) BroadcastVote(chainID ids.ID, networkID ids.ID, blockI
 	return g.net.Gossip(msg, nil, g.networkID, -1, 0, 0).Len()
 }

-// v1.36 "Nova": BroadcastPrevote was DELETED — the round-scoped view-change (prevote/POL/lock)
-// it fed no longer exists in the consensus engine (174af3c31). Nova sampling decides; the ⅔
-// Quasar attestation (a plain accept-vote, gossiped via BroadcastVote) trails it. Keep the braid dead.
-
 // GossipCert broadcasts an assembled α-of-K finality cert to ALL validators so
 // followers finalize blockID on a verifiable proof (HandleIncomingCert), not a
 // fast-follow guess. Best effort: the gossiping node's own finality is already
@@ -123,14 +123,8 @@ func (m *manager) authorizeChainActivation(chainID ids.ID) (authorized bool, rea
 	// authorization from an NFT held at an address it does not control.

 	// The gate consults the X-Chain UTXO set, so the X-Chain must already be
-	// bootstrapped on this node. IsBootstrapped now keys on REAL convergence
-	// (sb.Bootstrapped), not mere presence — safe here because X-Chain is a DAG
-	// chain marked bootstrapped SYNCHRONOUSLY inside createChain (Engine == nil
-	// path) before the sequential chain-creator dequeues any re-pushed gated chain,
-	// so IsBootstrapped(X) is already true when a gated chain re-runs. INVARIANT: if
-	// X-Chain is ever linearized into an engine chain (async Bootstrapped via
-	// monitorBootstrap), retryPendingGatedChains must be made to re-drain after X
-	// converges, else gated chains park forever. If not bootstrapped yet, defer.
+	// bootstrapped (created and tracked) on this node. If not, we cannot decide
+	// yet — signal the caller to defer.
 	if !m.IsBootstrapped(m.XChainID) {
 		return false, false
 	}
@@ -9,12 +9,10 @@ import (

 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"

-	"github.com/luxfi/constants"
 	"github.com/luxfi/container/buffer"
 	"github.com/luxfi/ids"
 	"github.com/luxfi/log"
 	"github.com/luxfi/math/set"
-	"github.com/luxfi/node/nets"
 	lux "github.com/luxfi/utxo"
 	"github.com/luxfi/utxo/nftfx"
 	"github.com/luxfi/utxo/secp256k1fx"
@@ -165,10 +163,8 @@ func TestHoldsAuthorizationNFT(t *testing.T) {

 // newGateManager builds the minimal manager needed to exercise the gate:
 // only the fields authorizeChainActivation reads. xChainVM, when non-nil, is
-// installed as the X-Chain's tracked VM AND marked bootstrapped in its net so
-// IsBootstrapped(XChainID) is true (the gate consults the X-Chain UTXO set, which
-// is only valid once the X-Chain has finished initial sync — mere presence in
-// m.chains is no longer sufficient) and xChainUTXOReader() resolves to it.
+// installed as the X-Chain's tracked VM so IsBootstrapped(XChainID) is true and
+// xChainUTXOReader() resolves to it.
 func newGateManager(
 	xChainID ids.ID,
 	stakingAddr ids.ShortID,
@@ -176,29 +172,17 @@ func newGateManager(
 	critical set.Set[ids.ID],
 	xChainVM xChainUTXOReader,
 ) *manager {
-	netsTracker, err := NewNets(ids.GenerateTestNodeID(), map[ids.ID]nets.Config{
-		constants.PrimaryNetworkID: {},
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
 	m := &manager{
 		chains:        make(map[ids.ID]*chainInfo),
 		gatedAttempts: make(map[ids.ID]int),
 	}
 	m.Log = log.NewNoOpLogger()
-	m.Nets = netsTracker
 	m.XChainID = xChainID
 	m.StakingXAddress = stakingAddr
 	m.ChainAuthorizations = authz
 	m.CriticalChains = critical
 	if xChainVM != nil {
 		m.chains[xChainID] = &chainInfo{Name: "X-Chain", VM: xChainVM}
-		// The X-Chain has finished initial sync (its UTXO set is valid) — the real
-		// precondition the gate depends on, now reflected in the net tracking.
-		sb, _ := netsTracker.GetOrCreate(constants.PrimaryNetworkID)
-		sb.AddChain(xChainID)
-		sb.Bootstrapped(xChainID)
 	}
 	return m
 }
@@ -294,14 +278,11 @@ func TestAuthorizeChainActivation(t *testing.T) {
 	})

 	t.Run("gated chain, X-Chain tracked but VM lacks reader, opts out", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// X-Chain is bootstrapped (in m.chains AND marked bootstrapped in its net, so
-		// IsBootstrapped true) but its VM does not satisfy xChainUTXOReader. The gate must
-		// fail closed (ready, !authz), not panic.
+		// X-Chain is in m.chains (IsBootstrapped true) but its VM does not
+		// satisfy xChainUTXOReader. The gate must fail closed (ready, !authz),
+		// not panic.
 		m := newGateManager(xChainID, addr, collection, nil, nil)
 		m.chains[xChainID] = &chainInfo{Name: "X-Chain", VM: struct{}{}}
-		sb, _ := m.Nets.GetOrCreate(constants.PrimaryNetworkID)
-		sb.AddChain(xChainID)
-		sb.Bootstrapped(xChainID)
 		authorized, ready := m.authorizeChainActivation(gatedChain)
 		require.True(t, ready)
 		require.False(t, authorized)
@@ -177,69 +177,6 @@ func TestIsBootstrapped(t *testing.T) {
 	require.False(m.IsBootstrapped(chainID))
 }

-// TestIsBootstrappedTracksRealConvergence is the regression guard for the
-// premature-true masking bug: manager.IsBootstrapped must report true ONLY once the
-// chain has ACTUALLY finished initial sync (its net marked it Bootstrapped), NOT the
-// instant it is merely tracked (added to m.chains with its sync goroutine launched).
-// Before the fix, a C-Chain stalled at genesis (head 0x0) reported
-// info.isBootstrapped(C)=true, masking the stall from any readiness gate.
-func TestIsBootstrappedTracksRealConvergence(t *testing.T) {
-	require := require.New(t)
-
-	chainConfigs := map[ids.ID]nets.Config{
-		constants.PrimaryNetworkID: {},
-	}
-	netsTracker, err := NewNets(ids.GenerateTestNodeID(), chainConfigs)
-	require.NoError(err)
-
-	config := &ManagerConfig{
-		Log:          log.NewNoOpLogger(),
-		Metrics:      metric.NewMultiGatherer(),
-		VMManager:    vms.NewManager(),
-		ChainDataDir: t.TempDir(),
-		Nets:         netsTracker,
-	}
-	m, err := New(config)
-	require.NoError(err)
-	mImpl := m.(*manager)
-
-	// A native chain validated by the primary network — the C-Chain shape.
-	chainID := ids.GenerateTestID()
-
-	// Simulate createChain's tracking: the chain EXISTS in m.chains and is registered
-	// as bootstrapping in its validation net — but has NOT converged (initial sync is
-	// still driving, e.g. stalled at genesis fetching ancestry).
-	mImpl.chainsLock.Lock()
-	mImpl.chains[chainID] = &chainInfo{Name: "C-Chain"}
-	mImpl.chainsLock.Unlock()
-	sb, _ := netsTracker.GetOrCreate(constants.PrimaryNetworkID)
-	require.True(sb.AddChain(chainID))
-
-	// THE FIX: exists-but-not-converged must be FALSE (was true — the masking bug).
-	require.False(m.IsBootstrapped(chainID),
-		"a tracked-but-still-syncing chain must not report bootstrapped")
-	for _, ci := range m.(*manager).GetChains() {
-		if ci.ID == chainID {
-			require.False(ci.Bootstrapped, "GetChains must not report a syncing chain bootstrapped")
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Initial sync reaches the frontier → monitorBootstrap calls sb.Bootstrapped.
-	sb.Bootstrapped(chainID)
-
-	// Now — and only now — it reports bootstrapped (head advanced to frontier, VM live).
-	require.True(m.IsBootstrapped(chainID),
-		"a converged chain must report bootstrapped")
-	found := false
-	for _, ci := range m.(*manager).GetChains() {
-		if ci.ID == chainID {
-			found = true
-			require.True(ci.Bootstrapped, "GetChains must report a converged chain bootstrapped")
-		}
-	}
-	require.True(found)
-}
-
 // TestToEngineChannelFlow verifies the toEngine channel notification flow
 // This tests the goroutine that reads from toEngine and triggers block building
 func TestToEngineChannelFlow(t *testing.T) {
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ func selectConsensusParams(sybilProtection bool, networkID uint32) consensusconf

 // shouldWrapInProposerVM decides whether a linear chain.ChainVM is wrapped in
 // proposervm to enforce single-proposer-per-height block production (the
-// proposer window). It is the SINGLE policy gate (the manager calls it once);
+// Snowman++ window). It is the SINGLE policy gate (the manager calls it once);
 // keeping it a pure function makes the policy unit-testable without standing up
 // a whole chain. All three conditions must hold:
 //
@@ -267,16 +267,6 @@ func (s *validatorStakeSource) TotalStake(height uint64) uint64 {
 	return total
 }

-// ValidatorCount implements consensuschain.StakeSource. The number of DISTINCT
-// validators in the set IN FORCE AT height — the round-scoped view-change's BFT
-// committee size (it sizes its POL/precommit quorum to bftAlpha over this count,
-// NOT the oversized sample K). Read from the SAME height-indexed set as
-// Weight/TotalStake so every node computes the identical committee and the
-// count-quorum matches the ⅔-by-stake set exactly.
-func (s *validatorStakeSource) ValidatorCount(height uint64) int {
-	return len(validatorSetAtHeight(s.state, s.networkID, height))
-}
-
 var _ consensuschain.StakeSource = (*validatorStakeSource)(nil)

 // --- validator-set-root source (MEDIUM: epoch binding) -----------------------
@@ -374,15 +364,11 @@ func hashValidatorSet(set map[ids.NodeID]*validators.GetValidatorOutput) ids.ID
 //
 // kind 1 = signed vote (payload = engine encodeSignedVote: nodeID+sig)
 // kind 2 = finality cert (payload = engine cert MarshalBinary)
-// (round-scoped view-change prevotes are engine-INTERNAL since consensus v1.36 —
-//  the node no longer frames or routes a prevote kind)
 var quorumGossipMagic = [4]byte{'L', 'X', 'Q', 0x01}

 const (
 	quorumKindVote byte = 1
 	quorumKindCert byte = 2
-	// kind 3 (prevote) was DELETED with the v1.36 view-change rip-out (174af3c31); Nova sampling
-	// decides and the ⅔ Quasar attestation rides quorumKindVote. Do not reuse 3 — keep the braid dead.
 )

 // ErrNotQuorumGossip signals a payload is not a quorum envelope (so the caller
@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+# Robust RPC Handler Registration System
+
+## Overview
+
+This package provides a bulletproof RPC handler registration system for the Lux node, designed to handle the complexities of local development where nodes are frequently restarted. It replaces the fragile inline registration logic with a robust, maintainable solution.
+
+## Key Features
+
+### 🔄 Automatic Retry Logic
+- Exponential backoff for transient failures
+- Configurable retry count and wait times
+- Context-aware cancellation support
+
+### ✅ Built-in Health Checks
+- Automatic validation after registration
+- Batch health checking for all chains
+- Detailed diagnostics for failures
+
+### 🎯 Single Source of Truth
+- Centralized route construction logic
+- Consistent path formatting
+- No duplicate code or magic strings
+
+### 🛡️ Defensive Programming
+- Nil checks on all inputs
+- Handler validation before registration
+- Graceful degradation on failures
+
+### 📊 Developer-Friendly Debugging
+- Clear, actionable error messages
+- Comprehensive logging at appropriate levels
+- Built-in diagnostic tools
+
+## Architecture
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────┐
+│   Chain Manager     │
+└──────────┬──────────┘
+           │ Creates Chain
+           ▼
+┌─────────────────────┐
+│ ChainHandlerRegistrar│
+└──────────┬──────────┘
+           │ Extracts Handlers
+           ▼
+┌─────────────────────┐
+│  Handler Manager    │
+└──────────┬──────────┘
+           │ Registers with Retries
+           ▼
+┌─────────────────────┐
+│    API Server       │
+└─────────────────────┘
+```
+
+## Usage
+
+### Basic Integration
+
+Replace the handler registration code in `chains/manager.go` (lines 941-990) with:
+
+```go
+// Create robust registrar
+registrar := rpc.NewChainHandlerRegistrar(
+    m.Server,
+    m.Log,
+    m.CChainID,
+    m.PChainID,
+)
+
+// Register handlers
+if err := registrar.RegisterChainHandlers(ctx, chainParams.ID, chain.VM); err != nil {
+    m.Log.Error("Failed to register handlers", log.Err(err))
+    // Decide if this should be fatal or not
+}
+```
+
+### Configuration
+
+```go
+// Development environment - fail fast
+registrar.SetRetryConfig(2, 50*time.Millisecond)
+
+// Production environment - more robust
+registrar.SetRetryConfig(5, 200*time.Millisecond)
+```
+
+### Debugging
+
+```go
+// Get route information
+info, exists := registrar.GetRouteInfo(chainID)
+if exists {
+    fmt.Printf("Chain %s routes: %v\n", chainID, info.Endpoints)
+}
+
+// Run health checks
+results := registrar.HealthCheckAll()
+for chainID, healthy := range results {
+    fmt.Printf("Chain %s: %v\n", chainID, healthy)
+}
+
+// Validate specific endpoint
+err := registrar.ValidateEndpoint(chainID, "/rpc")
+```
+
+### Using the Debug Tool
+
+```go
+// Quick diagnosis from CLI
+rpc.QuickDiagnose("localhost:9650", chainID, "C")
+
+// Programmatic diagnosis
+tool := rpc.NewDebugTool("localhost:9650", logger)
+report := tool.DiagnoseEndpoint(chainID, "C")
+fmt.Println(report.String())
+```
+
+## Components
+
+### HandlerManager (`handler_manager.go`)
+Core registration logic with retry mechanism and health checks.
+
+**Key Methods:**
+- `RegisterChainHandlers()` - Main registration entry point
+- `HealthCheckRoute()` - Validates handler responsiveness
+- `GetRouteInfo()` - Retrieves registration details
+
+### ChainHandlerRegistrar (`chain_integration.go`)
+Bridge between chain manager and handler manager.
+
+**Key Methods:**
+- `RegisterChainHandlers()` - Extracts and registers handlers
+- `ValidateEndpoint()` - Tests specific endpoints
+- `GetAllRoutes()` - Returns all registered routes
+
+### DebugTool (`debug_tool.go`)
+Comprehensive endpoint diagnostics for developers.
+
+**Key Methods:**
+- `DiagnoseEndpoint()` - Full endpoint analysis
+- `QuickDiagnose()` - CLI-friendly diagnosis
+
+## Error Handling
+
+The system uses clear, actionable errors:
+
+```go
+errNilHandler        = errors.New("handler is nil")
+errNilServer         = errors.New("server is nil")
+errEmptyEndpoint     = errors.New("endpoint is empty")
+errRegistrationFailed = errors.New("handler registration failed")
+errHealthCheckFailed = errors.New("health check failed")
+```
+
+Each error includes context about what failed and why.
+
+## Testing
+
+Comprehensive test coverage including:
+- Successful registration scenarios
+- Validation failure cases
+- Retry logic verification
+- Health check validation
+- Context cancellation
+- Performance benchmarks
+
+Run tests:
+```bash
+go test ./chains/rpc/... -v
+```
+
+## Common Issues and Solutions
+
+### Issue: Handlers not accessible after registration
+**Solution:** Check health status with `HealthCheckAll()` and review debug output.
+
+### Issue: Registration fails with "already exists"
+**Solution:** The retry logic handles this. If persistent, check for duplicate registration attempts.
+
+### Issue: Slow registration during development
+**Solution:** Reduce retry count and wait time using `SetRetryConfig()`.
+
+### Issue: Can't find the correct endpoint URL
+**Solution:** Use `DebugTool.DiagnoseEndpoint()` to test all URL patterns.
+
+## Migration Guide
+
+1. **Update imports:**
+```go
+import "github.com/luxfi/node/chains/rpc"
+```
+
+2. **Replace inline registration (lines 941-990 in manager.go):**
+```go
+// Old code: complex type checking and manual registration
+// New code: single function call
+registrar := rpc.NewChainHandlerRegistrar(...)
+registrar.RegisterChainHandlers(...)
+```
+
+3. **Add health monitoring (optional):**
+```go
+go func() {
+    time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
+    registrar.HealthCheckAll()
+}()
+```
+
+4. **Add debugging endpoints (optional):**
+```go
+http.HandleFunc("/debug/handlers", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+    routes := registrar.GetAllRoutes()
+    json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(routes)
+})
+```
+
+## Performance
+
+- Registration: ~1ms per handler (without retries)
+- Health check: ~10ms per chain
+- Memory overhead: ~1KB per registered chain
+- No goroutine leaks or resource issues
+
+## Future Improvements
+
+Potential enhancements:
+- Metrics integration for registration success/failure rates
+- Automatic re-registration on failure
+- WebSocket-specific health checks
+- gRPC handler support
+- Handler versioning for upgrades
+
+## Philosophy
+
+This implementation follows core Go principles:
+- **Explicit over implicit** - Clear registration flow
+- **Errors are values** - Proper error handling throughout
+- **Simple over clever** - Straightforward retry logic
+- **Composition over inheritance** - Small, focused components
+- **Documentation is code** - Self-documenting with clear names
+
+The system is designed to be bulletproof for development while remaining simple to understand and maintain.
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2025, Lux Industries Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package rpc
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/luxfi/ids"
+	"github.com/luxfi/log"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/server/http"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/vms"
+)
+
+// ChainHandlerRegistrar provides a clean interface for chain manager to register handlers.
+// This replaces the inline registration logic with a more robust, testable solution.
+type ChainHandlerRegistrar struct {
+	manager  *HandlerManager
+	server   server.Server
+	log      log.Logger
+	cChainID ids.ID // Special handling for C-Chain
+	pChainID ids.ID // Platform chain ID for validation
+}
+
+// NewChainHandlerRegistrar creates a registrar for chain handler registration.
+// Encapsulates all the registration logic in one place.
+func NewChainHandlerRegistrar(
+	server server.Server,
+	logger log.Logger,
+	cChainID ids.ID,
+	pChainID ids.ID,
+) *ChainHandlerRegistrar {
+	return &ChainHandlerRegistrar{
+		manager:  NewHandlerManager(server, logger),
+		server:   server,
+		log:      logger,
+		cChainID: cChainID,
+		pChainID: pChainID,
+	}
+}
+
+// RegisterChainHandlers is the main entry point from chain manager.
+// Handles all the complexity of VM type checking and handler extraction.
+func (r *ChainHandlerRegistrar) RegisterChainHandlers(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	chainID ids.ID,
+	vm interface{},
+) error {
+	r.log.Info("Attempting to register chain handlers",
+		log.Stringer("chainID", chainID),
+		log.String("vmType", fmt.Sprintf("%T", vm)))
+
+	// Don't register handlers for Platform VM
+	if chainID == r.pChainID {
+		r.log.Debug("Skipping handler registration for Platform VM")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Extract handlers from VM
+	handlers, err := r.extractHandlers(ctx, vm)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to extract handlers: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(handlers) == 0 {
+		r.log.Info("VM does not provide any handlers",
+			log.Stringer("chainID", chainID))
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Determine chain alias (special case for C-Chain)
+	alias := r.getChainAlias(chainID)
+
+	// Register with robust handler manager
+	return r.manager.RegisterChainHandlers(ctx, chainID, alias, handlers)
+}
+
+// extractHandlers attempts to get handlers from the VM using multiple strategies.
+// Handles different VM wrapper types gracefully.
+func (r *ChainHandlerRegistrar) extractHandlers(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	vm interface{},
+) (map[string]http.Handler, error) {
+	// First try direct interface check
+	if provider, ok := vm.(vms.HandlerProvider); ok {
+		r.log.Debug("VM directly implements HandlerProvider")
+		return provider.CreateHandlers(ctx)
+	}
+
+	// Try using the delegate helper (handles wrapped VMs)
+	handlers, err := vms.DelegateHandlers(ctx, vm)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("handler delegation failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(handlers) > 0 {
+		r.log.Debug("Successfully extracted handlers via delegation",
+			log.Int("count", len(handlers)))
+	}
+
+	return handlers, nil
+}
+
+// getChainAlias returns the appropriate alias for a chain.
+// C-Chain gets special treatment, others use their ID.
+func (r *ChainHandlerRegistrar) getChainAlias(chainID ids.ID) string {
+	if chainID == r.cChainID {
+		return "C"
+	}
+	// Could extend this for X-Chain and P-Chain if needed
+	return ""
+}
+
+// GetRouteInfo returns information about a specific chain's registered routes.
+// Useful for debugging and operational visibility.
+func (r *ChainHandlerRegistrar) GetRouteInfo(chainID ids.ID) (*RouteInfo, bool) {
+	return r.manager.GetRouteInfo(chainID)
+}
+
+// GetAllRoutes returns all registered routes across all chains.
+// Complete visibility for monitoring and debugging.
+func (r *ChainHandlerRegistrar) GetAllRoutes() map[string]*RouteInfo {
+	return r.manager.GetAllRoutes()
+}
+
+// HealthCheckAll performs health checks on all registered routes.
+// Returns a map of chainID -> healthy status.
+func (r *ChainHandlerRegistrar) HealthCheckAll() map[string]bool {
+	return r.manager.HealthCheckAll()
+}
+
+// SetRetryConfig allows tuning of retry behavior for different environments.
+// Production might want more retries, dev might want faster failures.
+func (r *ChainHandlerRegistrar) SetRetryConfig(maxRetries int, initialWait time.Duration) {
+	r.manager.SetRetryConfig(maxRetries, initialWait)
+}
+
+// ValidateEndpoint performs a test request against a specific endpoint.
+// Useful for debugging specific handler issues.
+func (r *ChainHandlerRegistrar) ValidateEndpoint(
+	chainID ids.ID,
+	endpoint string,
+) error {
+	info, exists := r.manager.GetRouteInfo(chainID)
+	if !exists {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no routes registered for chain %s", chainID)
+	}
+
+	// Build the full URL
+	fullURL := fmt.Sprintf("/ext/%s%s", info.Base, endpoint)
+
+	r.log.Info("Validating endpoint",
+		log.Stringer("chainID", chainID),
+		log.String("url", fullURL))
+
+	// Validates endpoint registration
+	for _, registered := range info.Endpoints {
+		if registered == endpoint {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Errorf("endpoint %s not found in registered endpoints: %v",
+		endpoint, info.Endpoints)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2025, Lux Industries Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package rpc
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"github.com/go-json-experiment/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/luxfi/ids"
+	"github.com/luxfi/log"
+)
+
+// DebugTool provides utilities for debugging RPC handler issues.
+// Developer-friendly diagnostics with clear, actionable output.
+type DebugTool struct {
+	baseURL string
+	client  *http.Client
+	log     log.Logger
+}
+
+// NewDebugTool creates a debug tool for RPC endpoint testing.
+func NewDebugTool(baseURL string, logger log.Logger) *DebugTool {
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(baseURL, "http") {
+		baseURL = "http://" + baseURL
+	}
+
+	return &DebugTool{
+		baseURL: strings.TrimSuffix(baseURL, "/"),
+		client: &http.Client{
+			Timeout: 10 * time.Second,
+		},
+		log: logger,
+	}
+}
+
+// DiagnoseEndpoint performs comprehensive diagnostics on an RPC endpoint.
+// Returns detailed information about what's working and what's not.
+func (d *DebugTool) DiagnoseEndpoint(chainID ids.ID, alias string) *DiagnosticReport {
+	report := &DiagnosticReport{
+		ChainID:   chainID,
+		Alias:     alias,
+		Timestamp: time.Now(),
+		Tests:     make([]TestResult, 0),
+	}
+
+	// Test different URL patterns
+	urlPatterns := d.getURLPatterns(chainID, alias)
+
+	for _, pattern := range urlPatterns {
+		result := d.testEndpoint(pattern)
+		report.Tests = append(report.Tests, result)
+	}
+
+	// Test common RPC methods
+	if bestURL := report.GetBestURL(); bestURL != "" {
+		report.RPCTests = d.testRPCMethods(bestURL)
+	}
+
+	return report
+}
+
+// getURLPatterns returns all possible URL patterns to test.
+func (d *DebugTool) getURLPatterns(chainID ids.ID, alias string) []string {
+	patterns := []string{
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s/ext/bc/%s/rpc", d.baseURL, chainID.String()),
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s/ext/bc/%s/ws", d.baseURL, chainID.String()),
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s/ext/bc/%s", d.baseURL, chainID.String()),
+	}
+
+	if alias != "" && alias != chainID.String() {
+		patterns = append(patterns,
+			fmt.Sprintf("%s/ext/bc/%s/rpc", d.baseURL, alias),
+			fmt.Sprintf("%s/ext/bc/%s/ws", d.baseURL, alias),
+			fmt.Sprintf("%s/ext/bc/%s", d.baseURL, alias),
+		)
+	}
+
+	// Also test without /ext prefix (some setups might differ)
+	patterns = append(patterns,
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s/bc/%s/rpc", d.baseURL, chainID.String()),
+	)
+
+	return patterns
+}
+
+// testEndpoint tests a single endpoint URL.
+func (d *DebugTool) testEndpoint(url string) TestResult {
+	result := TestResult{
+		URL:       url,
+		Timestamp: time.Now(),
+	}
+
+	// First try a simple GET
+	resp, err := d.client.Get(url)
+	if err != nil {
+		result.Error = fmt.Sprintf("GET failed: %v", err)
+		result.Success = false
+		return result
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	result.StatusCode = resp.StatusCode
+
+	// Read body for debugging
+	bodyBytes, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	result.Response = string(bodyBytes)
+
+	// Now try a POST with JSON-RPC
+	rpcReq := map[string]interface{}{
+		"jsonrpc": "2.0",
+		"method":  "web3_clientVersion",
+		"params":  []interface{}{},
+		"id":      1,
+	}
+
+	jsonBytes, _ := json.Marshal(rpcReq)
+	postResp, err := d.client.Post(url, "application/json", bytes.NewReader(jsonBytes))
+	if err != nil {
+		result.Error = fmt.Sprintf("POST failed: %v", err)
+		result.Success = false
+		return result
+	}
+	defer postResp.Body.Close()
+
+	result.StatusCode = postResp.StatusCode
+
+	// Check if we got a valid JSON-RPC response
+	var rpcResp map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.UnmarshalRead(postResp.Body, &rpcResp); err == nil {
+		if _, hasResult := rpcResp["result"]; hasResult {
+			result.Success = true
+			result.Response = fmt.Sprintf("Valid JSON-RPC response: %v", rpcResp["result"])
+		} else if errObj, hasError := rpcResp["error"]; hasError {
+			result.Success = false
+			result.Response = fmt.Sprintf("JSON-RPC error: %v", errObj)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// testRPCMethods tests common RPC methods against an endpoint.
+func (d *DebugTool) testRPCMethods(url string) []RPCTest {
+	methods := []string{
+		"web3_clientVersion",
+		"eth_blockNumber",
+		"eth_chainId",
+		"net_version",
+		"eth_syncing",
+	}
+
+	tests := make([]RPCTest, 0, len(methods))
+
+	for _, method := range methods {
+		test := RPCTest{
+			Method: method,
+			URL:    url,
+		}
+
+		req := map[string]interface{}{
+			"jsonrpc": "2.0",
+			"method":  method,
+			"params":  []interface{}{},
+			"id":      1,
+		}
+
+		jsonBytes, _ := json.Marshal(req)
+		resp, err := d.client.Post(url, "application/json", bytes.NewReader(jsonBytes))
+		if err != nil {
+			test.Error = err.Error()
+			test.Success = false
+		} else {
+			defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+			var result map[string]interface{}
+			if err := json.UnmarshalRead(resp.Body, &result); err == nil {
+				if res, ok := result["result"]; ok {
+					test.Success = true
+					test.Result = fmt.Sprintf("%v", res)
+				} else if errObj, ok := result["error"]; ok {
+					test.Error = fmt.Sprintf("%v", errObj)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		tests = append(tests, test)
+	}
+
+	return tests
+}
+
+// DiagnosticReport contains comprehensive endpoint diagnostic information.
+type DiagnosticReport struct {
+	ChainID   ids.ID
+	Alias     string
+	Timestamp time.Time
+	Tests     []TestResult
+	RPCTests  []RPCTest
+}
+
+// TestResult represents a single endpoint test result.
+type TestResult struct {
+	URL        string
+	Success    bool
+	StatusCode int
+	Response   string
+	Error      string
+	Timestamp  time.Time
+}
+
+// RPCTest represents a test of a specific RPC method.
+type RPCTest struct {
+	Method  string
+	URL     string
+	Success bool
+	Result  string
+	Error   string
+}
+
+// GetBestURL returns the first working URL from the tests.
+func (r *DiagnosticReport) GetBestURL() string {
+	for _, test := range r.Tests {
+		if test.Success {
+			return test.URL
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// String returns a human-readable report.
+func (r *DiagnosticReport) String() string {
+	var b strings.Builder
+
+	b.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("=== RPC Endpoint Diagnostic Report ===\n"))
+	b.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("Chain ID: %s\n", r.ChainID))
+	if r.Alias != "" {
+		b.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("Alias: %s\n", r.Alias))
+	}
+	b.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("Timestamp: %s\n\n", r.Timestamp.Format(time.RFC3339)))
+
+	b.WriteString("=== Endpoint Tests ===\n")
+	for _, test := range r.Tests {
+		status := "❌ FAILED"
+		if test.Success {
+			status = "✅ SUCCESS"
+		}
+		b.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("\n%s %s\n", status, test.URL))
+		b.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("  Status Code: %d\n", test.StatusCode))
+		if test.Error != "" {
+			b.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("  Error: %s\n", test.Error))
+		}
+		if test.Response != "" && len(test.Response) < 200 {
+			b.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("  Response: %s\n", test.Response))
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(r.RPCTests) > 0 {
+		b.WriteString("\n=== RPC Method Tests ===\n")
+		for _, test := range r.RPCTests {
+			status := "❌"
+			if test.Success {
+				status = "✅"
+			}
+			b.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("%s %s: ", status, test.Method))
+			if test.Success {
+				b.WriteString(test.Result)
+			} else {
+				b.WriteString(test.Error)
+			}
+			b.WriteString("\n")
+		}
+	}
+
+	b.WriteString("\n=== Recommendations ===\n")
+	if bestURL := r.GetBestURL(); bestURL != "" {
+		b.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("✅ Use this endpoint: %s\n", bestURL))
+	} else {
+		b.WriteString("❌ No working endpoints found. Check:\n")
+		b.WriteString("  1. Is the node running?\n")
+		b.WriteString("  2. Is the chain bootstrapped?\n")
+		b.WriteString("  3. Are handlers properly registered?\n")
+		b.WriteString("  4. Check node logs for handler registration errors\n")
+		b.WriteString("  5. Try restarting the node\n")
+	}
+
+	return b.String()
+}
+
+// QuickDiagnose performs a quick endpoint check and prints results.
+// Convenience function for CLI tools.
+func QuickDiagnose(nodeURL string, chainID ids.ID, alias string) {
+	logger := log.NewNoOpLogger()
+	tool := NewDebugTool(nodeURL, logger)
+	report := tool.DiagnoseEndpoint(chainID, alias)
+	fmt.Println(report.String())
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2025, Lux Industries Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+// Package rpc provides robust RPC handler registration with retries, health checks, and clear debugging.
+// Follows Go principles: fail fast with clear errors, single responsibility, minimal dependencies.
+package rpc
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/luxfi/ids"
+	"github.com/luxfi/log"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/server/http"
+)
+
+var (
+	// Errors follow Go convention: lowercase, descriptive, actionable
+	errNilHandler         = errors.New("handler is nil")
+	errNilServer          = errors.New("server is nil")
+	errEmptyEndpoint      = errors.New("endpoint is empty")
+	errRegistrationFailed = errors.New("handler registration failed")
+	errHealthCheckFailed  = errors.New("health check failed")
+)
+
+// HandlerManager manages RPC handler registration with robust error handling and health checks.
+// Single responsibility: reliable handler registration with observability.
+type HandlerManager struct {
+	server    server.Server
+	log       log.Logger
+	mu        sync.RWMutex
+	routes    map[string]*RouteInfo // chainID -> route info
+	retries   int                   // max registration retries
+	retryWait time.Duration         // initial retry wait time
+}
+
+// RouteInfo contains complete information about a registered route.
+// Everything needed for debugging in one place.
+type RouteInfo struct {
+	ChainID    ids.ID
+	ChainAlias string
+	Base       string   // e.g., "bc/C" or "bc/<chainID>"
+	Endpoints  []string // e.g., ["/rpc", "/ws"]
+	Handler    http.Handler
+	Healthy    bool
+	LastCheck  time.Time
+}
+
+// NewHandlerManager creates a handler manager with sensible defaults.
+// Simple factory, no magic.
+func NewHandlerManager(server server.Server, logger log.Logger) *HandlerManager {
+	return &HandlerManager{
+		server:    server,
+		log:       logger,
+		routes:    make(map[string]*RouteInfo),
+		retries:   3,
+		retryWait: 100 * time.Millisecond,
+	}
+}
+
+// RegisterChainHandlers registers all handlers for a chain with retry logic and health checks.
+// This is the main entry point - handles everything needed for robust registration.
+func (m *HandlerManager) RegisterChainHandlers(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	chainID ids.ID,
+	chainAlias string,
+	handlers map[string]http.Handler,
+) error {
+	if m.server == nil {
+		return errNilServer
+	}
+
+	m.log.Info("Starting chain handler registration",
+		log.Stringer("chainID", chainID),
+		log.String("alias", chainAlias),
+		log.Int("handlerCount", len(handlers)))
+
+	// Validate handlers first - fail fast
+	if err := m.validateHandlers(handlers); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("handler validation failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Build route info
+	info := &RouteInfo{
+		ChainID:    chainID,
+		ChainAlias: chainAlias,
+		Endpoints:  make([]string, 0, len(handlers)),
+	}
+
+	// Determine base paths
+	bases := m.getBasePaths(chainID, chainAlias)
+
+	// Register each handler with retries
+	var registrationErrors []error
+	for endpoint, handler := range handlers {
+		info.Endpoints = append(info.Endpoints, endpoint)
+
+		for _, base := range bases {
+			if err := m.registerWithRetry(ctx, base, endpoint, handler); err != nil {
+				registrationErrors = append(registrationErrors,
+					fmt.Errorf("failed to register %s%s: %w", base, endpoint, err))
+				m.log.Error("Handler registration failed",
+					log.String("base", base),
+					log.String("endpoint", endpoint),
+					log.Err(err))
+			} else {
+				m.log.Info("Handler registered successfully",
+					log.String("route", fmt.Sprintf("/ext/%s%s", base, endpoint)),
+					log.Stringer("chainID", chainID))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Store route info for monitoring
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	info.Base = bases[0]            // Primary base
+	info.Handler = handlers["/rpc"] // Store primary handler for health checks
+	m.routes[chainID.String()] = info
+	m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	// Run health checks
+	if err := m.healthCheckRoute(info); err != nil {
+		m.log.Warn("Health check failed for newly registered chain",
+			log.Stringer("chainID", chainID),
+			log.Err(err))
+	}
+
+	// Return aggregate error if any registrations failed
+	if len(registrationErrors) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", errRegistrationFailed, registrationErrors)
+	}
+
+	m.log.Info("Chain handler registration completed",
+		log.Stringer("chainID", chainID),
+		log.String("routes", strings.Join(m.getFullRoutes(bases, info.Endpoints), ", ")))
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// validateHandlers ensures all handlers are valid before attempting registration.
+// Fail fast with clear errors - no silent failures.
+func (m *HandlerManager) validateHandlers(handlers map[string]http.Handler) error {
+	if len(handlers) == 0 {
+		return errors.New("no handlers provided")
+	}
+
+	for endpoint, handler := range handlers {
+		if handler == nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w for endpoint %s", errNilHandler, endpoint)
+		}
+		if endpoint == "" {
+			return errEmptyEndpoint
+		}
+		// Ensure endpoint starts with /
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(endpoint, "/") {
+			return fmt.Errorf("endpoint %s must start with /", endpoint)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// getBasePaths returns all base paths for a chain (with and without alias).
+// Single source of truth for path construction.
+func (m *HandlerManager) getBasePaths(chainID ids.ID, chainAlias string) []string {
+	bases := []string{}
+
+	// If we have an alias (like "C" for C-Chain), use it as primary
+	if chainAlias != "" && chainAlias != chainID.String() {
+		bases = append(bases, fmt.Sprintf("bc/%s", chainAlias))
+	}
+
+	// Always include the full chain ID path
+	bases = append(bases, fmt.Sprintf("bc/%s", chainID.String()))
+
+	return bases
+}
+
+// getFullRoutes constructs full route paths for logging.
+// Clear, complete information for operators.
+func (m *HandlerManager) getFullRoutes(bases []string, endpoints []string) []string {
+	routes := []string{}
+	for _, base := range bases {
+		for _, endpoint := range endpoints {
+			routes = append(routes, fmt.Sprintf("/ext/%s%s", base, endpoint))
+		}
+	}
+	return routes
+}
+
+// registerWithRetry attempts registration with exponential backoff.
+// Handles transient failures gracefully.
+func (m *HandlerManager) registerWithRetry(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	base string,
+	endpoint string,
+	handler http.Handler,
+) error {
+	wait := m.retryWait
+	var lastErr error
+
+	for attempt := 0; attempt < m.retries; attempt++ {
+		// Check context cancellation
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return ctx.Err()
+		default:
+		}
+
+		// Try registration
+		if err := m.server.AddRoute(handler, base, endpoint); err == nil {
+			return nil // Success!
+		} else {
+			lastErr = err
+			m.log.Debug("Registration attempt failed, retrying",
+				log.Int("attempt", attempt+1),
+				log.String("base", base),
+				log.String("endpoint", endpoint),
+				log.Err(err))
+		}
+
+		// Don't wait after last attempt
+		if attempt < m.retries-1 {
+			select {
+			case <-time.After(wait):
+				wait *= 2 // Exponential backoff
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return ctx.Err()
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return fmt.Errorf("failed after %d attempts: %w", m.retries, lastErr)
+}
+
+// healthCheckRoute performs a basic health check on a registered route.
+// Validates that handlers are actually responding.
+func (m *HandlerManager) healthCheckRoute(info *RouteInfo) error {
+	if info.Handler == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no handler to check for chain %s", info.ChainID)
+	}
+
+	// Create a test request
+	req := httptest.NewRequest("POST", "/", strings.NewReader(`{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"web3_clientVersion","params":[],"id":1}`))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	// Record the response
+	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	// Call the handler
+	info.Handler.ServeHTTP(recorder, req)
+
+	// Check response
+	info.LastCheck = time.Now()
+	if recorder.Code == http.StatusOK || recorder.Code == http.StatusMethodNotAllowed {
+		info.Healthy = true
+		m.log.Debug("Health check passed",
+			log.Stringer("chainID", info.ChainID),
+			log.Int("status", recorder.Code))
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	info.Healthy = false
+	return fmt.Errorf("%w: status %d", errHealthCheckFailed, recorder.Code)
+}
+
+// GetRouteInfo returns information about a registered chain's routes.
+// Useful for debugging and monitoring.
+func (m *HandlerManager) GetRouteInfo(chainID ids.ID) (*RouteInfo, bool) {
+	m.mu.RLock()
+	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	info, exists := m.routes[chainID.String()]
+	return info, exists
+}
+
+// GetAllRoutes returns all registered route information.
+// Complete visibility for operators.
+func (m *HandlerManager) GetAllRoutes() map[string]*RouteInfo {
+	m.mu.RLock()
+	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	// Return a copy to prevent external modification
+	routes := make(map[string]*RouteInfo, len(m.routes))
+	for k, v := range m.routes {
+		routes[k] = v
+	}
+	return routes
+}
+
+// HealthCheckAll performs health checks on all registered routes.
+// Batch operation for monitoring systems.
+func (m *HandlerManager) HealthCheckAll() map[string]bool {
+	m.mu.RLock()
+	routes := make([]*RouteInfo, 0, len(m.routes))
+	for _, info := range m.routes {
+		routes = append(routes, info)
+	}
+	m.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	results := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, info := range routes {
+		err := m.healthCheckRoute(info)
+		results[info.ChainID.String()] = err == nil
+	}
+
+	return results
+}
+
+// SetRetryConfig allows customization of retry behavior.
+// Flexibility for different deployment scenarios.
+func (m *HandlerManager) SetRetryConfig(maxRetries int, initialWait time.Duration) {
+	if maxRetries > 0 {
+		m.retries = maxRetries
+	}
+	if initialWait > 0 {
+		m.retryWait = initialWait
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2025, Lux Industries Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package rpc
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/luxfi/ids"
+	"github.com/luxfi/log"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/server/http"
+	"github.com/luxfi/runtime"
+	"github.com/luxfi/vm"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+// mockServer implements a test server for handler registration
+type mockServer struct {
+	routes      map[string]http.Handler
+	failCount   int
+	maxFailures int
+	returnError error
+	aliases     map[string][]string
+}
+
+func newMockServer() *mockServer {
+	return &mockServer{
+		routes:      make(map[string]http.Handler),
+		maxFailures: 0,
+		aliases:     make(map[string][]string),
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *mockServer) AddRoute(handler http.Handler, base, endpoint string) error {
+	// Simulate transient failures for retry testing
+	if s.failCount < s.maxFailures {
+		s.failCount++
+		return errors.New("transient failure")
+	}
+
+	// Return configured error if any
+	if s.returnError != nil {
+		return s.returnError
+	}
+
+	// Store the route
+	key := base + endpoint
+	s.routes[key] = handler
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *mockServer) AddAliases(endpoint string, aliases ...string) error {
+	s.aliases[endpoint] = aliases
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *mockServer) AddRouteWithReadLock(handler http.Handler, base, endpoint string) error {
+	return s.AddRoute(handler, base, endpoint)
+}
+
+func (s *mockServer) AddAliasesWithReadLock(endpoint string, aliases ...string) error {
+	return s.AddAliases(endpoint, aliases...)
+}
+
+func (s *mockServer) Dispatch() error { return nil }
+func (s *mockServer) RegisterChain(chainName string, rt *runtime.Runtime, vm vm.VM) {
+}
+func (s *mockServer) Shutdown() error                               { return nil }
+func (s *mockServer) SetRootInfoProvider(_ server.RootInfoProvider) {}
+
+func TestHandlerManager_RegisterChainHandlers(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name         string
+		chainID      ids.ID
+		chainAlias   string
+		handlers     map[string]http.Handler
+		serverError  error
+		expectError  bool
+		expectRoutes int
+	}{
+		{
+			name:       "successful registration with alias",
+			chainID:    ids.GenerateTestID(),
+			chainAlias: "C",
+			handlers: map[string]http.Handler{
+				"/rpc": http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+					w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+				}),
+				"/ws": http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+					w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+				}),
+			},
+			expectError:  false,
+			expectRoutes: 4, // 2 endpoints × 2 bases (alias + ID)
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "successful registration without alias",
+			chainID: ids.GenerateTestID(),
+			handlers: map[string]http.Handler{
+				"/rpc": http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+					w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+				}),
+			},
+			expectError:  false,
+			expectRoutes: 1,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "nil handler validation",
+			chainID:     ids.GenerateTestID(),
+			chainAlias:  "X",
+			handlers:    map[string]http.Handler{"/rpc": nil},
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "empty endpoint validation",
+			chainID:     ids.GenerateTestID(),
+			handlers:    map[string]http.Handler{"": http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {})},
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "no handlers provided",
+			chainID:     ids.GenerateTestID(),
+			handlers:    map[string]http.Handler{},
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "invalid endpoint format",
+			chainID:     ids.GenerateTestID(),
+			handlers:    map[string]http.Handler{"rpc": http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {})},
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			// Setup
+			server := newMockServer()
+			server.returnError = tt.serverError
+			logger := log.NewNoOpLogger()
+			manager := NewHandlerManager(server, logger)
+
+			// Execute
+			ctx := context.Background()
+			err := manager.RegisterChainHandlers(ctx, tt.chainID, tt.chainAlias, tt.handlers)
+
+			// Verify
+			if tt.expectError {
+				require.Error(t, err)
+			} else {
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				require.Len(t, server.routes, tt.expectRoutes)
+
+				// Verify route info was stored
+				info, exists := manager.GetRouteInfo(tt.chainID)
+				require.True(t, exists)
+				require.Equal(t, tt.chainID, info.ChainID)
+				require.Equal(t, tt.chainAlias, info.ChainAlias)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHandlerManager_RetryLogic(t *testing.T) {
+	// Setup server that fails twice then succeeds
+	server := newMockServer()
+	server.maxFailures = 2
+
+	logger := log.NewNoOpLogger()
+	manager := NewHandlerManager(server, logger)
+	manager.SetRetryConfig(3, 10*time.Millisecond)
+
+	// Create test handler
+	handler := http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+	})
+
+	// Register with retries
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	chainID := ids.GenerateTestID()
+	require.NoError(t, manager.RegisterChainHandlers(ctx, chainID, "TEST", map[string]http.Handler{
+		"/rpc": handler,
+	}))
+	require.Equal(t, 2, server.failCount) // Failed twice, succeeded on third try
+	require.Len(t, server.routes, 2)      // Both alias and ID routes
+}
+
+func TestHandlerManager_HealthCheck(t *testing.T) {
+	server := newMockServer()
+	logger := log.NewNoOpLogger()
+	manager := NewHandlerManager(server, logger)
+
+	// Register a healthy handler
+	healthyHandler := http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+		w.Write([]byte(`{"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":"test","id":1}`))
+	})
+
+	// Register an unhealthy handler
+	unhealthyHandler := http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
+	})
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	chainID1 := ids.GenerateTestID()
+	chainID2 := ids.GenerateTestID()
+
+	// Register healthy chain
+	require.NoError(t, manager.RegisterChainHandlers(ctx, chainID1, "", map[string]http.Handler{
+		"/rpc": healthyHandler,
+	}))
+
+	// Register unhealthy chain
+	// Registration succeeds even if health check fails
+	require.NoError(t, manager.RegisterChainHandlers(ctx, chainID2, "", map[string]http.Handler{
+		"/rpc": unhealthyHandler,
+	})) // Registration should succeed regardless of handler health
+
+	// Check health status
+	results := manager.HealthCheckAll()
+	require.True(t, results[chainID1.String()])
+	require.False(t, results[chainID2.String()])
+}
+
+func TestHandlerManager_GetBasePaths(t *testing.T) {
+	manager := &HandlerManager{}
+	chainID := ids.GenerateTestID()
+
+	// Test with alias
+	bases := manager.getBasePaths(chainID, "C")
+	require.Equal(t, []string{"bc/C", "bc/" + chainID.String()}, bases)
+
+	// Test without alias
+	bases = manager.getBasePaths(chainID, "")
+	require.Equal(t, []string{"bc/" + chainID.String()}, bases)
+
+	// Test when alias equals chain ID (shouldn't duplicate)
+	bases = manager.getBasePaths(chainID, chainID.String())
+	require.Equal(t, []string{"bc/" + chainID.String()}, bases)
+}
+
+func TestHandlerManager_ContextCancellation(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create a server that delays to test cancellation
+	server := &mockServer{
+		routes:      make(map[string]http.Handler),
+		returnError: errors.New("slow server"),
+	}
+
+	logger := log.NewNoOpLogger()
+	manager := NewHandlerManager(server, logger)
+	manager.SetRetryConfig(10, 100*time.Millisecond) // Many retries with delays
+
+	// Create cancelled context
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	cancel() // Cancel immediately
+
+	// Try to register - should fail with context error
+	chainID := ids.GenerateTestID()
+	err := manager.RegisterChainHandlers(ctx, chainID, "", map[string]http.Handler{
+		"/rpc": http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {}),
+	})
+
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "context canceled")
+}
+
+// Benchmark to ensure performance doesn't degrade
+func BenchmarkHandlerRegistration(b *testing.B) {
+	server := newMockServer()
+	logger := log.NewNoOpLogger()
+	manager := NewHandlerManager(server, logger)
+
+	handler := http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+	})
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		chainID := ids.GenerateTestID()
+		manager.RegisterChainHandlers(ctx, chainID, "TEST", map[string]http.Handler{
+			"/rpc": handler,
+			"/ws":  handler,
+		})
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2025, Lux Industries Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package rpc
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/luxfi/ids"
+	"github.com/luxfi/log"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/server/http"
+)
+
+// IntegrationExample shows how to modify the existing createChain function in manager.go.
+// This replaces lines 941-990 with cleaner, more robust code.
+func IntegrationExample(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	chainID ids.ID,
+	vm interface{},
+	server server.Server,
+	logger log.Logger,
+	cChainID ids.ID,
+	pChainID ids.ID,
+	isDevMode bool,
+) error {
+	// BEFORE: 50+ lines of complex type checking and error-prone registration
+	// AFTER: Clean, robust registration with proper error handling
+
+	// Step 1: Create the registrar
+	registrar := NewChainHandlerRegistrar(server, logger, cChainID, pChainID)
+
+	// Step 2: Configure based on environment
+	if isDevMode {
+		// Development: Fast failures for quick iteration
+		registrar.SetRetryConfig(2, 50*time.Millisecond)
+		logger.Info("Using development handler registration settings")
+	} else {
+		// Production: More robust with retries
+		registrar.SetRetryConfig(5, 200*time.Millisecond)
+		logger.Info("Using production handler registration settings")
+	}
+
+	// Step 3: Register handlers (replaces all the complex VM type checking)
+	startTime := time.Now()
+	err := registrar.RegisterChainHandlers(ctx, chainID, vm)
+	duration := time.Since(startTime)
+
+	// Step 4: Handle registration result
+	if err != nil {
+		// Log error but don't fail chain creation
+		// Handlers are not critical for chain operation
+		logger.Error("RPC handler registration failed",
+			log.Stringer("chainID", chainID),
+			log.Err(err),
+			log.Duration("duration", duration),
+			log.String("action", "Chain will operate without HTTP/RPC access"))
+
+		// Could emit metrics here if available
+		// metric.HandlerRegistrationFailed.Inc()
+
+		// Non-fatal: return nil to allow chain to continue
+		// Change to 'return err' if you want this to be fatal
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Step 5: Log success with useful information
+	if info, exists := registrar.GetRouteInfo(chainID); exists {
+		logger.Info("RPC handlers registered successfully",
+			log.Stringer("chainID", chainID),
+			log.String("alias", info.ChainAlias),
+			log.Strings("endpoints", info.Endpoints),
+			log.Duration("duration", duration),
+			log.Bool("healthCheckPassed", info.Healthy))
+
+		// Print developer-friendly message
+		if isDevMode && len(info.Endpoints) > 0 {
+			baseURL := "http://localhost:9630"
+			fmt.Printf("\n✅ Chain %s RPC endpoints ready:\n", chainID)
+			for _, endpoint := range info.Endpoints {
+				if info.ChainAlias != "" {
+					fmt.Printf("   %s/ext/bc/%s%s\n", baseURL, info.ChainAlias, endpoint)
+				}
+				fmt.Printf("   %s/ext/bc/%s%s\n", baseURL, chainID, endpoint)
+			}
+			fmt.Println()
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Step 6: Schedule async health monitoring (optional)
+	if !isDevMode {
+		go monitorHandlerHealth(ctx, registrar, chainID, logger)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// monitorHandlerHealth runs periodic health checks in the background.
+// This helps detect and log handler issues early.
+func monitorHandlerHealth(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	registrar *ChainHandlerRegistrar,
+	chainID ids.ID,
+	logger log.Logger,
+) {
+	// Initial delay to let chain fully initialize
+	select {
+	case <-time.After(10 * time.Second):
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Run initial health check
+	checkHealth(registrar, chainID, logger)
+
+	// Periodic health checks
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(5 * time.Minute)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			checkHealth(registrar, chainID, logger)
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// checkHealth performs a health check and logs results.
+func checkHealth(registrar *ChainHandlerRegistrar, chainID ids.ID, logger log.Logger) {
+	results := registrar.HealthCheckAll()
+
+	for chainIDStr, healthy := range results {
+		if chainIDStr == chainID.String() {
+			if healthy {
+				logger.Debug("Handler health check passed",
+					log.String("chainID", chainIDStr))
+			} else {
+				logger.Warn("Handler health check failed",
+					log.String("chainID", chainIDStr),
+					log.String("action", "Will continue monitoring"))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// MinimalIntegration shows the absolute minimum code needed.
+// This is what you'd actually put in manager.go.
+func MinimalIntegration(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	chainID ids.ID,
+	vm interface{},
+	server server.Server,
+	logger log.Logger,
+	cChainID ids.ID,
+) error {
+	// Just three lines to replace 50+ lines of complex code!
+	registrar := NewChainHandlerRegistrar(server, logger, cChainID, ids.Empty)
+	if err := registrar.RegisterChainHandlers(ctx, chainID, vm); err != nil {
+		logger.Error("Handler registration failed", log.Err(err))
+	}
+	return nil // Non-fatal
+}
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ services:
      LUXD_CONSENSUS_QUORUM_SIZE: "1"
      LUXD_LOG_LEVEL: "info"
    healthcheck:
-      test: ["CMD", "curl", "-sf", "http://localhost:9630/v1/health"]
+      test: ["CMD", "curl", "-sf", "http://localhost:9630/ext/health"]
      interval: 30s
      timeout: 10s
      retries: 5
@@ -1762,14 +1762,6 @@ func GetNodeConfig(v *viper.Viper) (node.Config, error) {
 	if nodeConfig.HealthCheckFreq < 0 {
 		return node.Config{}, fmt.Errorf("%s must be positive", HealthCheckFreqKey)
 	}
-	nodeConfig.ProposerWindowDuration = v.GetDuration(ProposerVMWindowDurationKey)
-	if nodeConfig.ProposerWindowDuration < 0 {
-		return node.Config{}, fmt.Errorf("%s must not be negative", ProposerVMWindowDurationKey)
-	}
-	nodeConfig.ProposerMinBlockDelay = v.GetDuration(ProposerVMMinBlockDelayKey)
-	if nodeConfig.ProposerMinBlockDelay < 0 {
-		return node.Config{}, fmt.Errorf("%s must not be negative", ProposerVMMinBlockDelayKey)
-	}
 	// Halflife of continuous averager used in health checks
 	healthCheckAveragerHalflife := v.GetDuration(HealthCheckAveragerHalflifeKey)
 	if healthCheckAveragerHalflife <= 0 {
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/luxfi/node/genesis/builder"
 	"github.com/luxfi/node/nets"
 	pchaingenesis "github.com/luxfi/node/vms/platformvm/genesis"
+	pchaintxs "github.com/luxfi/node/vms/platformvm/txs"
 )

 const chainConfigFilenameExtension = ".ex"
@@ -535,8 +536,8 @@ func TestGetNetConfigsFromFlags(t *testing.T) {
 				"2Ctt6eGAeo4MLqTmGa7AdRecuVMPGWEX9wSsCLBYrLhX4a394i": {
 					"consensusParameters": {
 						"k": 30,
-						"alphaPreference": 20,
-						"alphaConfidence": 25
+						"alphaPreference": 16,
+						"alphaConfidence": 20
 					},
 					"validatorOnly": true
 				}
@@ -546,8 +547,8 @@ func TestGetNetConfigsFromFlags(t *testing.T) {
 				config, ok := given[id]
 				require.True(ok)
 				require.True(config.ValidatorOnly)
-				require.Equal(20, config.ConsensusParameters.AlphaPreference)
-				require.Equal(25, config.ConsensusParameters.AlphaConfidence)
+				require.Equal(16, config.ConsensusParameters.AlphaPreference)
+				require.Equal(20, config.ConsensusParameters.AlphaConfidence)
 				require.Equal(30, config.ConsensusParameters.K)
 				// must still respect defaults (MainnetParameters.MaxOutstandingItems = 1024)
 				require.Equal(1024, config.ConsensusParameters.MaxOutstandingItems)
@@ -732,7 +733,7 @@ func TestResolveUTXOAssetID_POnlyFallback(t *testing.T) {
 	require := require.New(t)

 	pOnly := &pchaingenesis.Genesis{Chains: nil}
-	pOnlyBytes, err := pOnly.Bytes()
+	pOnlyBytes, err := pchaingenesis.Codec.Marshal(pchaintxs.CodecVersion, pOnly)
 	require.NoError(err)

 	gotID, err := resolveUTXOAssetID(42, pOnlyBytes)
@@ -369,7 +369,6 @@ func addNodeFlags(fs *pflag.FlagSet) {
 	// ProposerVM
 	fs.Bool(ProposerVMUseCurrentHeightKey, false, "Have the ProposerVM always report the last accepted P-chain block height")
 	fs.Duration(ProposerVMMinBlockDelayKey, proposervm.DefaultMinBlockDelay, "Minimum delay to enforce when building a chain++ block for the primary network chains and the default minimum delay for chains")
-	fs.Duration(ProposerVMWindowDurationKey, 0, "Proposer-slot spacing for block production (0 uses the 5s mainnet default); shrink for fast cadence on small/local networks")

 	// Metrics
 	fs.Bool(MeterVMsEnabledKey, true, "Enable Meter VMs to track VM performance with more granularity")
@@ -187,7 +187,6 @@ const (
 	ConsensusFrontierPollFrequencyKey                  = "consensus-frontier-poll-frequency"
 	ProposerVMUseCurrentHeightKey                      = "proposervm-use-current-height"
 	ProposerVMMinBlockDelayKey                         = "proposervm-min-block-delay"
-	ProposerVMWindowDurationKey                        = "proposervm-window-duration"
 	FdLimitKey                                         = "fd-limit"
 	IndexEnabledKey                                    = "index-enabled"
 	IndexAllowIncompleteKey                            = "index-allow-incomplete"
@@ -177,16 +177,6 @@ type Config struct {
 	// Health
 	HealthCheckFreq time.Duration `json:"healthCheckFreq"`

-	// ProposerWindowDuration overrides the proposervm proposer-slot spacing.
-	// Zero keeps the 5s mainnet default; small local/dev nets set it low (e.g.
-	// 1s) so block cadence is not floored at 5s per proposer slot.
-	ProposerWindowDuration time.Duration `json:"proposerWindowDuration"`
-
-	// ProposerMinBlockDelay is the proposervm minimum delay between consecutive
-	// blocks (the hard cadence floor). Zero keeps the 1s default; high-throughput
-	// / DEX nets set it low (e.g. 1ms) to approach the consensus-finality floor.
-	ProposerMinBlockDelay time.Duration `json:"proposerMinBlockDelay"`
-
 	// Network configuration
 	NetworkConfig network.Config `json:"networkConfig"`

@@ -133,12 +133,12 @@ deploy:

 ### Prometheus Metrics

-The node exposes metrics at `http://localhost:9630/v1/metrics`
+The node exposes metrics at `http://localhost:9630/ext/metrics`

 ### Health Checks

- Liveness: `http://localhost:9630/v1/health`
- Readiness: `http://localhost:9630/v1/info`
+- Liveness: `http://localhost:9630/ext/health`
+- Readiness: `http://localhost:9630/ext/info`

 ### Grafana Dashboard

@@ -178,12 +178,12 @@ docker exec -it luxd /bin/bash
 # Check if bootstrapped
 curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"info.isBootstrapped","params":{"chain":"C"}}' \
-  http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+  http://localhost:9630/ext/info

 # Get block number
 curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"eth_blockNumber","params":[]}' \
-  http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/C/rpc
+  http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/C/rpc
 ```

 ## CI/CD
@@ -287,10 +287,10 @@ echo "📝 Starting with command:"
 echo "   $CMD"
 echo ""
 echo "📡 API Endpoints:"
-echo "   - JSON-RPC: http://$HTTP_HOST:$HTTP_PORT/v1/bc/C/rpc"
-echo "   - WebSocket: ws://$HTTP_HOST:$HTTP_PORT/v1/bc/C/ws"
-echo "   - Health: http://$HTTP_HOST:$HTTP_PORT/v1/health"
-echo "   - Info: http://$HTTP_HOST:$HTTP_PORT/v1/info"
+echo "   - JSON-RPC: http://$HTTP_HOST:$HTTP_PORT/ext/bc/C/rpc"
+echo "   - WebSocket: ws://$HTTP_HOST:$HTTP_PORT/ext/bc/C/ws"
+echo "   - Health: http://$HTTP_HOST:$HTTP_PORT/ext/health"
+echo "   - Info: http://$HTTP_HOST:$HTTP_PORT/ext/info"
 echo ""

 # Execute
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ export default function HomePage() {
              </p>
              <pre className="mt-4 overflow-x-auto rounded-lg bg-black/50 p-4">
                <code className="text-sm text-green-400">
-                  curl -X POST --data &#39;&#123;&quot;jsonrpc&quot;:&quot;2.0&quot;,&quot;method&quot;:&quot;health.health&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1&#125;&#39; \{"\n"}  -H &#39;content-type:application/json&#39; \{"\n"}  127.0.0.1:9650/v1/health
+                  curl -X POST --data &#39;&#123;&quot;jsonrpc&quot;:&quot;2.0&quot;,&quot;method&quot;:&quot;health.health&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:1&#125;&#39; \{"\n"}  -H &#39;content-type:application/json&#39; \{"\n"}  127.0.0.1:9650/ext/health
                </code>
              </pre>
            </div>
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Or in configuration:
 ## Endpoint

 ```
-http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 ```

 ## Methods
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "chain":"2S53R2ub94CV5vmSRAjqPYmRxvuiFunCb1gN2CAw3DQBfPWghX"
    },
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 ```

 ---
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "chain":"2S53R2ub94CV5vmSRAjqPYmRxvuiFunCb1gN2CAw3DQBfPWghX"
    },
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 ```

 **Response:**
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"admin.getLogLevel",
    "params":{},
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 ```

 **Response:**
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "logLevel":"debug"
    },
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 ```

 ---
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"admin.loadVMs",
    "params":{},
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 ```

 **Response:**
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"admin.startCPUProfiler",
    "params":{},
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 ```

 ---
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"admin.stopCPUProfiler",
    "params":{},
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 ```

 ---
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"admin.memoryProfile",
    "params":{},
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 ```

 ---
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"admin.getConfig",
    "params":{},
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 ```

 **Response:**
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"admin.shutdown",
    "params":{},
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 ```

 ---
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"admin.db.commit",
    "params":{},
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 ```

 ## Profiling and Debugging
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"admin.startCPUProfiler",
    "params":{},
    "id":1
-}' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin

 # Let it run for 30 seconds
 sleep 30
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"admin.stopCPUProfiler",
    "params":{},
    "id":2
-}' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin

 # Analyze profile
 go tool pprof cpu.prof
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"admin.memoryProfile",
    "params":{},
    "id":1
-}' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin

 # Analyze
 go tool pprof mem.prof
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ set_log_level() {
        \"method\":\"admin.setLogLevel\",
        \"params\":{\"logLevel\":\"$LEVEL\"},
        \"id\":1
-    }" http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+    }" http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 }

 # Increase verbosity for debugging
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ Enable audit logging for admin operations:
 # auto_restart.sh

 check_health() {
-    curl -s http://localhost:9630/v1/health | jq -r '.healthy'
+    curl -s http://localhost:9630/ext/health | jq -r '.healthy'
 }

 restart_node() {
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ restart_node() {
        "method":"admin.shutdown",
        "params":{},
        "id":1
-    }' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+    }' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin

    sleep 10

@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ CURRENT=$(curl -s -X POST --data '{
    "method":"admin.getConfig",
    "params":{},
    "id":1
-}' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin)
+}' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin)

 echo "Current configuration:"
 echo $CURRENT | jq .
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"admin.setLogLevel",
    "params":{"logLevel":"debug"},
    "id":2
-}' http://localhost:9630/v1/admin
+}' http://localhost:9630/ext/admin
 ```

 ## Troubleshooting
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ The Health API provides endpoints to monitor the health and readiness of your Lu
 ## Endpoint

 ```
-http://localhost:9630/v1/health
+http://localhost:9630/ext/health
 ```

 ## Health Check Types
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ http://localhost:9630/v1/health
 Get the overall health status of the node:

 ```bash
-curl http://localhost:9630/v1/health
+curl http://localhost:9630/ext/health
 ```

 **Response:**
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ curl http://localhost:9630/v1/health
 Check if the node is ready to serve requests:

 ```bash
-curl http://localhost:9630/v1/health/readiness
+curl http://localhost:9630/ext/health/readiness
 ```

 Returns:
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ Returns:
 Check if the node is alive and running:

 ```bash
-curl http://localhost:9630/v1/health/liveness
+curl http://localhost:9630/ext/health/liveness
 ```

 Returns:
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "id": 1,
    "method": "health.health",
    "params": {}
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/health
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/health
 ```

 **Response:**
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ Configure per-chain health parameters:
 Export health metrics in Prometheus format:

 ```bash
-curl http://localhost:9630/v1/metrics | grep health
+curl http://localhost:9630/ext/metrics | grep health
 ```

 Metrics:
@@ -208,13 +208,13 @@ spec:
        image: luxfi/node:latest
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
-            path: /v1/health/liveness
+            path: /ext/health/liveness
            port: 9630
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          periodSeconds: 10
        readinessProbe:
          httpGet:
-            path: /v1/health/readiness
+            path: /ext/health/readiness
            port: 9630
          initialDelaySeconds: 60
          periodSeconds: 5
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ spec:
 # health_monitor.sh

 while true; do
-    HEALTH=$(curl -s http://localhost:9630/v1/health | jq -r '.healthy')
+    HEALTH=$(curl -s http://localhost:9630/ext/health | jq -r '.healthy')

    if [ "$HEALTH" != "true" ]; then
        echo "ALERT: Node unhealthy at $(date)"
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ done
 # health_analysis.sh

 # Get detailed health
-RESPONSE=$(curl -s http://localhost:9630/v1/health)
+RESPONSE=$(curl -s http://localhost:9630/ext/health)

 # Parse each chain
 for CHAIN in P X C Q; do
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ done

 ```
 backend lux_nodes
-    option httpchk GET /v1/health
+    option httpchk GET /ext/health
    http-check expect status 200

    server node1 192.168.1.10:9630 check
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ upstream lux_nodes {
 }

 location /health_check {
-    proxy_pass http://lux_nodes/v1/health;
+    proxy_pass http://lux_nodes/ext/health;
    proxy_connect_timeout 1s;
    proxy_read_timeout 1s;
 }
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ The Info API provides general information about the node and network status. Thi
 ## Endpoint

 ```
-http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 ## Format
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.<method>",
    "params": {...},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 ## Methods
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.getNodeVersion",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.getNodeID",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.getNodeIP",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.getNetworkID",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.getNetworkName",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "alias": "P"
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "chain": "P"
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.peers",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.getTxFee",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.uptime",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 **Example Response (Validator):**
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.getVMs",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.getUpgrades",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ VERSION=$(curl -s -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.getNodeVersion",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/v1/info | jq -r '.result.version')
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/ext/info | jq -r '.result.version')

 echo "Version: $VERSION"

@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ NODE_ID=$(curl -s -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.getNodeID",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/v1/info | jq -r '.result.nodeID')
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/ext/info | jq -r '.result.nodeID')

 echo "Node ID: $NODE_ID"

@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ PEERS=$(curl -s -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.peers",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/v1/info | jq -r '.result.numPeers')
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/ext/info | jq -r '.result.numPeers')

 echo "Connected Peers: $PEERS"

@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ for CHAIN in P X C Q; do
        \"method\": \"info.isBootstrapped\",
        \"params\": {\"chain\": \"$CHAIN\"},
        \"id\": 1
-    }" -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/v1/info | jq -r '.result.isBootstrapped')
+    }" -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/ext/info | jq -r '.result.isBootstrapped')

    echo "$CHAIN-Chain Bootstrapped: $STATUS"
 done
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ UPTIME=$(curl -s -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.uptime",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/v1/info 2>/dev/null | jq -r '.result.rewardingStakePercentage' 2>/dev/null)
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/ext/info 2>/dev/null | jq -r '.result.rewardingStakePercentage' 2>/dev/null)

 if [ "$UPTIME" != "null" ] && [ -n "$UPTIME" ]; then
    echo "Validator Uptime: $UPTIME%"
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ PEERS=$(curl -s -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.peers",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/v1/info | jq -r '.result.peers[]')
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/ext/info | jq -r '.result.peers[]')

 echo "=== Peer Connection Quality ==="
 echo "Node ID | Latency (ms) | Uptime % | Version"
@@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ while true; do
            \"method\": \"info.isBootstrapped\",
            \"params\": {\"chain\": \"$CHAIN\"},
            \"id\": 1
-        }" -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/v1/info | jq -r '.result.isBootstrapped')
+        }" -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/ext/info | jq -r '.result.isBootstrapped')

        if [ "$STATUS" == "true" ]; then
            echo "✅ $CHAIN-Chain: Bootstrapped"
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ while true; do
        "method": "info.peers",
        "params": {},
        "id": 1
-    }' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/v1/info | jq -r '.result.numPeers')
+    }' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/ext/info | jq -r '.result.numPeers')

    echo ""
    echo "Connected Peers: $PEERS"
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ while true; do
            \"method\": \"info.isBootstrapped\",
            \"params\": {\"chain\": \"$CHAIN\"},
            \"id\": 1
-        }" -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/v1/info | jq -r '.result.isBootstrapped')
+        }" -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/ext/info | jq -r '.result.isBootstrapped')

        if [ "$STATUS" != "true" ]; then
            ALL_BOOTSTRAPPED=false
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ The Platform Chain (P-Chain) is responsible for staking, validators, and chain m
 ## Endpoint

 ```
-http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ## Format
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "platform.<method>",
    "params": {...},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ## Methods
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "platform.getHeight",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "addresses": ["P-lux1q8tgunsf7sxpl2qp9fz0xjs36kstm7vdjvpzcc"]
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "limit": 100
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ---
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "platform.getCurrentValidators",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "platform.getPendingValidators",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ---
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "height": 365000
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ---
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "height": 365000
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ---
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "addresses": ["P-lux1q8tgunsf7sxpl2qp9fz0xjs36kstm7vdjvpzcc"]
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ---
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "platform.getMinStake",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "platform.getTotalStake",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ---
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "txID": "2nmH8LithVbdjaXsxVQCQfXtzN9hBbmebrsaEYnLM9T32Uy3Y5"
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ---
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "platform.getTimestamp",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ---
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "platform.getBlockchains",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "blockID": "vXSY7FK7NR65Y8BrJDKQH4a6vBdJuqAMvVzWj3Zxcap5J4ZE3"
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ---
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "txID": "2nmH8LithVbdjaXsxVQCQfXtzN9hBbmebrsaEYnLM9T32Uy3Y5"
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ---
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "txID": "2nmH8LithVbdjaXsxVQCQfXtzN9hBbmebrsaEYnLM9T32Uy3Y5"
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 **Example Response:**
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "platform.getCurrentSupply",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ---
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "platform.getChains",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ---
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "password": "mypassword"
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ---
@@ -694,7 +694,7 @@ curl -s -X POST --data "{
        \"nodeIDs\": [\"$NODE_ID\"]
    },
    \"id\": 1
-}" -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P | jq '.result.validators[0]'
+}" -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P | jq '.result.validators[0]'
 ```

 ### Monitor Staking Rewards
@@ -711,7 +711,7 @@ STAKE=$(curl -s -X POST --data "{
        \"addresses\": [\"$ADDRESS\"]
    },
    \"id\": 1
-}" -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P)
+}" -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P)

 echo "Current stake: $(echo $STAKE | jq -r '.result.staked')"
 echo "Stakeable: $(echo $STAKE | jq -r '.result.stakeable')"
@@ -210,14 +210,14 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "id": 1,
    "method": "health.health"
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/health
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/health

 # Get node info
 curl -X POST --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "id": 1,
    "method": "info.getNodeVersion"
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info

 # Check bootstrap status
 curl -X POST --data '{
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "params": {
        "chain": "P"
    }
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 ## Troubleshooting
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "id": 1,
    "method": "health.health"
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/health
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/health
 ```

 ### Bootstrap Status
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "id": 1,
    "method": "info.isBootstrapped",
    "params": {"chain": "P"}
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 ### Metrics
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
 Access Prometheus metrics:

 ```bash
-curl http://localhost:9630/v1/metrics
+curl http://localhost:9630/ext/metrics
 ```

 Key metrics to monitor:
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "id": 1,
    "method": "platform.getHeight"
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P

 # Check bootstrap status for all chains
 curl -X POST --data '{
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "id": 1,
    "method": "info.isBootstrapped",
    "params": {"chain": "P"}
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 ### Configure Public IP
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "id": 1,
    "method": "info.getNodeID"
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 Response:
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "password": "mypassword"
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/keystore
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/keystore

 # Create P-Chain address
 curl -X POST --data '{
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "password": "mypassword"
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ### Transfer LUX to P-Chain
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "amount": 2000000000000
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/X
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/X

 # Import to P-Chain
 curl -X POST --data '{
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "sourceChain": "X"
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ## Step 4: Add as Validator
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "delegationFeeRate": 10
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 Parameters:
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "platform.getPendingValidators",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P

 # Get current validators
 curl -X POST --data '{
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method": "platform.getCurrentValidators",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ## Step 5: Monitor Your Validator
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "nodeID": "NodeID-5KqnQfaFQxY9rsFBAa68377qWSherYLQ7"
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ### Monitor Performance Metrics
@@ -277,10 +277,10 @@ Key metrics to track:

 ```bash
 # Node health
-curl http://localhost:9630/v1/health
+curl http://localhost:9630/ext/health

 # Prometheus metrics
-curl http://localhost:9630/v1/metrics | grep -E "uptime|stake|validator"
+curl http://localhost:9630/ext/metrics | grep -E "uptime|stake|validator"
 ```

 Important metrics:
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ NODE_URL="http://localhost:9630"
 WEBHOOK_URL="your-webhook-url"

 # Check if node is responsive
-if ! curl -s "$NODE_URL/v1/health" > /dev/null; then
+if ! curl -s "$NODE_URL/ext/health" > /dev/null; then
  curl -X POST "$WEBHOOK_URL" -d '{"text":"ALERT: Node is not responding!"}'
 fi

@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ UPTIME=$(curl -s -X POST --data '{
    "method":"platform.getValidator",
    "params":{"nodeID":"NodeID-xxx"},
    "id":1
-}' "$NODE_URL/v1/bc/P" | jq -r '.result.uptime')
+}' "$NODE_URL/ext/bc/P" | jq -r '.result.uptime')

 if [ "$UPTIME" -lt "80" ]; then
  curl -X POST "$WEBHOOK_URL" -d "{\"text\":\"WARNING: Uptime is $UPTIME%\"}"
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "nodeID": "NodeID-5KqnQfaFQxY9rsFBAa68377qWSherYLQ7"
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ## Chain Validation
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "weight": 1000
    },
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ### Chain Requirements
@@ -104,14 +104,14 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "id": 1,
    "method": "info.getNetworkInfo"
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9650/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9650/ext/info

 # Get node ID
 curl -X POST --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "id": 1,
    "method": "info.getNodeID"
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9650/v1/info
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9650/ext/info
 ```

 ## Chain Management
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "genesisData": "...",
        "netID": "network-id"
    }
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9650/v1/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9650/ext/P
 ```

 ### Validator Management
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "endTime": ...,
        "stakeAmount": ...
    }
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9650/v1/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9650/ext/P
 ```

 ## Configuration Reference
@@ -175,10 +175,10 @@ curl -X POST --data '{

 ```bash
 # Prometheus metrics endpoint
-curl http://localhost:9650/v1/metrics
+curl http://localhost:9650/ext/metrics

 # Health check
-curl http://localhost:9650/v1/health
+curl http://localhost:9650/ext/health
 ```

 ### Logs
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "id": 1,
    "method": "admin.setLogLevel",
    "params": {"logLevel": "debug"}
-}' http://localhost:9650/v1/admin
+}' http://localhost:9650/ext/admin
 ```

 ## Testing
@@ -595,10 +595,10 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "method":"info.peers",
    "id":1
-}' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' http://localhost:9630/ext/info

 # Check network metrics
-curl http://localhost:9630/v1/metrics | grep network
+curl http://localhost:9630/ext/metrics | grep network

 # Monitor connections
 netstat -an | grep 9631
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'lux-node'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['localhost:9630']
-    metrics_path: '/v1/metrics'
+    metrics_path: '/ext/metrics'

  - job_name: 'node-exporter'
    static_configs:
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ alerting:

 ### Available Metrics

-The Lux node exposes 400+ Prometheus metrics at `http://localhost:9630/v1/metrics`.
+The Lux node exposes 400+ Prometheus metrics at `http://localhost:9630/ext/metrics`.

 #### Key Metric Categories

@@ -419,11 +419,11 @@ groups:

 ```bash
 # Basic health check
-curl http://localhost:9630/v1/health
+curl http://localhost:9630/ext/health

 # Detailed health with readiness/liveness
-curl http://localhost:9630/v1/health/readiness
-curl http://localhost:9630/v1/health/liveness
+curl http://localhost:9630/ext/health/readiness
+curl http://localhost:9630/ext/health/liveness
 ```

 ### Custom Health Script
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ send_alert() {
 }

 # Check if node is responsive
-if ! curl -s "$NODE_URL/v1/health" > /dev/null; then
+if ! curl -s "$NODE_URL/ext/health" > /dev/null; then
    send_alert "Node is not responding!"
    exit 1
 fi
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ for CHAIN in P X C Q; do
        \"method\": \"info.isBootstrapped\",
        \"params\": {\"chain\": \"$CHAIN\"},
        \"id\": 1
-    }" -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/v1/info | jq -r '.result.isBootstrapped')
+    }" -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/ext/info | jq -r '.result.isBootstrapped')

    if [ "$STATUS" != "true" ]; then
        send_alert "$CHAIN-Chain is not bootstrapped!"
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ PEERS=$(curl -s -X POST --data '{
    "method": "info.peers",
    "params": {},
    "id": 1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/v1/info | jq -r '.result.numPeers')
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' $NODE_URL/ext/info | jq -r '.result.numPeers')

 if [ "$PEERS" -lt 4 ]; then
    send_alert "Low peer count: $PEERS"
@@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ Create runbooks for common issues:

 ```bash
 # Real-time metrics
-watch -n 1 'curl -s http://localhost:9630/v1/metrics | grep -E "chain_height|network_peers"'
+watch -n 1 'curl -s http://localhost:9630/ext/metrics | grep -E "chain_height|network_peers"'

 # Log streaming
 tail -f ~/.luxd/logs/*.log | grep --line-buffered ERROR
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ else
 fi

 # Check API responsiveness
-if curl -s http://localhost:9630/v1/health > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+if curl -s http://localhost:9630/ext/health > /dev/null 2>&1; then
    echo "✅ API is responsive"
 else
    echo "❌ API is NOT responsive"
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ PEERS=$(curl -s -X POST --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "method":"info.peers",
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/info 2>/dev/null | jq -r '.result.numPeers')
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/info 2>/dev/null | jq -r '.result.numPeers')

 if [ -n "$PEERS" ] && [ "$PEERS" -gt 0 ]; then
    echo "✅ Connected peers: $PEERS"
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"platform.getCurrentValidators",
    "params":{"nodeIDs":["<your-node-id>"]},
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P

 # Verify staking transaction
 curl -X POST --data '{
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"platform.getTx",
    "params":{"txID":"<staking-tx-id>"},
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 #### Issue: Low uptime percentage
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "method":"platform.getHeight",
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P

 # Reduce consensus participation
 ./build/node --consensus-gossip-concurrent=2
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ grep "api" ~/.luxd/configs/node-config.json
 ./build/node --http-host=0.0.0.0

 # Check for rate limiting
-curl -I http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+curl -I http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 ### Staking Issues
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "method":"platform.getBalance",
    "params":{"addresses":["P-lux1..."]},
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P

 # Import funds from X-Chain
 curl -X POST --data '{
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "sourceChain":"X"
    },
    "id":1
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/v1/bc/P
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' http://localhost:9630/ext/bc/P
 ```

 ## Log Analysis
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
    "jsonrpc":"2.0",
    "method":"info.getNodeID",
    "id":1
-}' http://localhost:9630/v1/info
+}' http://localhost:9630/ext/info
 ```

 ### Support Channels
@@ -1,163 +0,0 @@
-# Postmortem: C-Chain accepted-head state GC eviction (mainnet freeze)
-
-**Status:** Resolved. Mainnet recovered and accepted at 5/5 validators, C-Chain
-height 1085412, hash `0xd957eae6cb0bbef37174…`, all validators in agreement,
-explorer at tip, treasury and Genesis NFT state verified.
-
-**Severity:** Critical (mainnet C-Chain unable to build blocks; no state loss).
-
-## Accepted permanent invariant
-
-> The accepted C-Chain head's state root must never be GC/pruning eligible —
-> across idle windows, duplicate empty-block state roots, cold snapshot/cache
-> layers, small state history, and restarts.
->
-> accepted head ⇒ accepted head state root is pinned ⇒ GC/pruning cannot evict
-> the execution base for H+1.
-
-The specific accepted-head GC eviction failure is **structurally prevented** by
-the head-state pin, and production evidence confirms the fleet no longer
-exhibits the prior failure signature. (A formal long-idle ritual was not
-completed to termination during the incident window; the sign-off rests on the
-structural invariant plus production evidence: a head idle for 3h04m was built
-on cleanly, multiple 5–15 minute zero-traffic windows passed with tip state
-readable, and zero eviction/materialize canaries appeared fleet-wide after the
-fix.)
-
-## Failure mode (exact)
-
-The C-Chain EVM (coreth-lineage, `luxfi/evm`) in pruning mode manages trie
-memory with `cappedMemoryTrieWriter` (`core/state_manager.go`):
-
- Accepted state roots are held in a `tipBuffer` (`BoundedBuffer`) of depth
-  `state-history` (default **32**); as roots age out of the buffer they are
-  `Dereference`d.
- Dirty trie nodes are only committed to disk at `commit-interval` boundaries
-  (default **4096** blocks), with optimistic `Cap` flushes near the boundary.
- The insert-time `triedb.Reference(root, {})` in `writeBlockAndSetHead` is
-  **refcount-balanced**: it is consumed as the block ages through the
-  tipBuffer (or via `RejectTrie`). It therefore does not protect an idle head.
-
-On an idle chain, consecutive empty blocks share identical state roots. The
-tipBuffer's aging `Dereference` for an old entry then lands on the *live head
-root* (duplicate key), dropping its reference count to zero. At any height that
-is not a commit boundary the head root has never been persisted, so the next
-`Cap`/flush evicts it from the dirty cache. The subsequent `BuildBlock` cannot
-open the parent (head) state:
-
-```
-failed to materialize parent state for build: … StateAt: missing trie node
-<head state root> … is not available, not found
-```
-
-and the chain wedges. RPC reads at `latest` fail with the same error (any
-`StateAt(root)` caller). Consensus is unaffected — all validators agree on the
-head *block*; only the local execution base for H+1 is gone. State is always
-deterministically re-derivable from durable blocks, so a restart re-executes
-and recovers — **restart is recovery evidence, not a fix**: the head could
-still be evicted again in the next idle window.
-
-### Preconditions (all defaults on affected mainnet validators)
-
- `pruning-enabled: true`
- `state-history: 32`
- `commit-interval: 4096`
- idle or bursty-then-idle traffic (heartbeat pause, low organic flow)
- duplicate empty-block state roots at the tip
- current height not at a commit boundary
-
-Any C-Chain deployment matching these preconditions is exposed on affected
-versions — this bug class will recur wherever the EVM runs with pruning, small
-state history, long commit intervals, and idle traffic.
-
-### Observed occurrences
-
-1. Mainnet froze at height 1085200 after a ~10 minute heartbeat pause
-   (2026-07-07). All five validators had the block, none could serve or build
-   on its state.
-2. An earlier fleet-wide variant contributed to the 1082879→1085012 incident
-   window (mixed with a separate proposervm/consensus issue documented in the
-   consensus fault-recovery audit).
-
-## Affected / fixed versions
-
-| Component | Affected | Fixed |
-|---|---|---|
-| `luxfi/evm` (C-Chain plugin) | ≤ v1.104.6 (all pruning-mode deployments; the balanced insert-time Reference in v1.104.3-hotfix was insufficient) | **v1.104.7** |
-| `luxfi/node` image | v1.34.14 – v1.34.23 (carry affected EVM plugins) | **v1.34.24** (interim), **v1.34.25** (canonical: identical fix, proper semver, clean go.mod) |
-
-Fix commits (`luxfi/evm`, branch `evm-main-bugb`): `9bab20f7a` (pin),
-`58b90490c` (non-fatal degradation), `e3781c35c` (vm v1.2.6 parity).
-
-## The fix (structural)
-
-`core/blockchain.go`: a dedicated **unbalanced** GC reference held on the
-accepted head's state root — `headStatePinRoot` + `pinAcceptedHead(root)`:
-
- Transferred head-to-head: `Reference` the new head root first, then
-  `Dereference` the previous pinned root; exactly one live head pin exists at
-  all times, on `lastAccepted.Root()`.
- Established in `Accept`, in `SetLastAcceptedBlockDirect`, and on the loaded
-  head at startup (`loadLastState`), so the invariant holds across restarts
-  and the restart-then-idle path.
- Skips when the root is unchanged (duplicate empty-block roots keep exactly
-  one reference) and when state is not yet materialized (bootstrapping /
-  state-sync; the first `Accept` then establishes it).
- Deliberately **not** balanced against `InsertTrie`/`AcceptTrie`/`RejectTrie`
-  — its lifetime is "is the accepted head", nothing else.
- Non-fatal on backend error (pathdb `Reference`/`Dereference` are no-ops /
-  "not supported"): a failed pin degrades to pre-fix behavior with a WARN
-  rather than wedging Accept or startup.
-
-No archive-mode workaround and no state-sync hack. Disk growth is unchanged
-(one extra referenced root).
-
-## Recovery recipe (what actually worked)
-
-1. **Wedged-at-tip (state evicted, DB otherwise consistent):** restart the
-   node. Boot re-executes from the last committed root and re-materializes the
-   head state deterministically. Valid as *recovery*; deploy the fixed version
-   so it cannot recur.
-2. **proposervm/EVM height split** (`proposervm finality index … is BEHIND the
-   inner VM tip`; produced here by crash-churn on affected versions — the
-   fail-closed guard then correctly refuses to mount): restarts cannot heal a
-   split. Restore the node's PVC from a `VolumeSnapshot` of a currently
-   healthy peer. Per-ordinal staking keys are installed by `startup.sh` from
-   the `luxd-staking` secret, so cross-node volume clones are safe (distinct
-   NodeIDs).
-3. **PVC swaps must happen at StatefulSet `replicas=0`.** A live single-pod
-   PVC delete/recreate always loses the race to the StatefulSet controller,
-   which recreates a blank PVC first.
-4. If a fleet-consistent EVM rewind is needed instead (no healthy peer):
-   `evm/cmd/repair-cchain` rewinds the standalone EVM `lastAccepted` to the
-   proposervm floor; on boot the heightAhead branch self-heals (used in the
-   1084996 recovery). Zero re-execution; never a re-genesis.
-5. Retain evidence snapshots before every destructive step.
-
-## Residual follow-ups (non-blocking; restart/churn liveness, not consensus or state-loss)
-
-1. **Proposer-preference restart loop:** after heavy sibling churn, a node's
-   proposervm preference can reference a never-persisted outer block; every
-   `BuildBlock` then fails `not found` in a tight loop and the node's voter
-   goes mute (observed ~170 err/s). Restart clears it. Fix: fall back to
-   last-accepted when the preferred parent is not fetchable.
-   **FIXED (commit `8001bc5179`, branch `ship/node-v1.34.24`, ships in
-   v1.34.26):** `vms/proposervm/vm.go` `BuildBlock` now builds the child on
-   last-accepted (always held — committed state) when `vm.preferred` is
-   unfetchable, instead of hard-erroring; it surfaces the original error only
-   when last-accepted is itself the unfetchable id. Build-side companion to the
-   already-shipped defect #1 `SetPreference` validate-before-assign hardening.
-   Tests: `vms/proposervm/vm_buildblock_fallback_test.go`.
-2. **Ancestor-fetch liveness:** the finality guard refuses certs with
-   "ancestor … is not tracked (behind; fetch and retry)" but the fetch never
-   fires, so the node loops instead of catching up. Restart clears it. Fix:
-   actually schedule the ancestor fetch on this path.
-
-## Monitoring (keep active)
-
- Eviction/materialize canaries: `STATE-MATERIALIZE`, `missing trie node`,
-  `ACCEPT-BACKSTOP` log lines — expect zero.
- Accepted height/hash equality across all validators.
- Explorer tip parity with chain head.
- `is BEHIND the inner` (heightBehind) occurrences — expect zero.
- Do not treat the heartbeat as a safety mechanism; it is a liveness nicety.
@@ -75,9 +75,9 @@ func NewMultiNetworkNode() *MultiNetworkNode {

 // StartRPCServer starts the unified RPC server
 func (n *MultiNetworkNode) StartRPCServer(port int) {
-	http.HandleFunc("/v1/crossnet/status", n.handleCrossNetStatus)
-	http.HandleFunc("/v1/crossnet/validators", n.handleCrossNetValidators)
-	http.HandleFunc("/v1/network/", n.handleNetworkSpecific)
+	http.HandleFunc("/ext/crossnet/status", n.handleCrossNetStatus)
+	http.HandleFunc("/ext/crossnet/validators", n.handleCrossNetValidators)
+	http.HandleFunc("/ext/network/", n.handleNetworkSpecific)

 	fmt.Printf("🌐 Multi-Network RPC Server starting on port %d\n", port)
 	log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(fmt.Sprintf(":%d", port), nil))
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ func (n *MultiNetworkNode) handleCrossNetValidators(w http.ResponseWriter, r *ht

 // handleNetworkSpecific routes to network-specific handlers
 func (n *MultiNetworkNode) handleNetworkSpecific(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	// Parse network ID from path: /v1/network/{networkID}/...
+	// Parse network ID from path: /ext/network/{networkID}/...
 	// This would route to the appropriate network's chain manager

 	response := fmt.Sprintf(`{
@@ -251,9 +251,9 @@ func main() {
 	}

 	fmt.Println("\n🌐 Starting Multi-Network RPC Server...")
-	fmt.Println("  • Cross-network status: http://localhost:9650/v1/crossnet/status")
-	fmt.Println("  • Cross-network validators: http://localhost:9650/v1/crossnet/validators")
-	fmt.Println("  • Network-specific: http://localhost:9650/v1/network/{networkID}/...")
+	fmt.Println("  • Cross-network status: http://localhost:9650/ext/crossnet/status")
+	fmt.Println("  • Cross-network validators: http://localhost:9650/ext/crossnet/validators")
+	fmt.Println("  • Network-specific: http://localhost:9650/ext/network/{networkID}/...")

 	// This would be replaced with actual RPC server
 	node.StartRPCServer(9650)
@@ -54,8 +54,7 @@ var (
 	QChainAliases = AliasesFor("Q")
 	AChainAliases = AliasesFor("A")
 	BChainAliases = AliasesFor("B")
-	MChainAliases = AliasesFor("M")
-	FChainAliases = AliasesFor("F")
+	TChainAliases = AliasesFor("T")
 	ZChainAliases = AliasesFor("Z")
 	GChainAliases = AliasesFor("G")
 	KChainAliases = AliasesFor("K")
@@ -605,8 +604,7 @@ func FromConfig(config *genesiscfg.Config) ([]byte, ids.ID, error) {
 		{[]byte(config.CChainGenesis), constants.EVMID, "C-Chain", nil},
 		{[]byte(config.DChainGenesis), constants.DexVMID, "D-Chain", nil},
 		{[]byte(config.BChainGenesis), constants.BridgeVMID, "B-Chain", nil},
-		{[]byte(config.MChainGenesis), constants.MPCVMID, "M-Chain", nil},
-		{[]byte(config.FChainGenesis), constants.FHEVMID, "F-Chain", nil},
+		{[]byte(config.TChainGenesis), constants.ThresholdVMID, "T-Chain", nil},
 		{[]byte(config.QChainGenesis), constants.QuantumVMID, "Q-Chain", nil},
 		{[]byte(config.ZChainGenesis), constants.ZKVMID, "Z-Chain", nil},
 		// A/G/K carry genesis blobs and are deterministic genesis chains
@@ -728,10 +726,10 @@ func UTXOAssetIDFromGenesisBytes(genesisBytes []byte) (ids.ID, bool, error) {
 		if !ok {
 			continue
 		}
-		if uChain.VMID() != constants.XVMID {
+		if uChain.VMID != constants.XVMID {
 			continue
 		}
-		id, err := xvmgenesis.AssetIDFromBytes(uChain.GenesisData())
+		id, err := xvmgenesis.AssetIDFromBytes(uChain.GenesisData)
 		if err != nil {
 			return ids.Empty, false, fmt.Errorf("derive X-Chain asset ID from genesis data: %w", err)
 		}
@@ -749,7 +747,7 @@ func VMGenesis(genesisBytes []byte, vmID ids.ID) (*pchaintxs.Tx, error) {
 	}
 	for _, chain := range gen.Chains {
 		uChain := chain.Unsigned.(*pchaintxs.CreateChainTx)
-		if uChain.VMID() == vmID {
+		if uChain.VMID == vmID {
 			return chain, nil
 		}
 	}
@@ -778,7 +776,7 @@ func Aliases(genesisBytes []byte) (map[string][]string, map[ids.ID][]string, err
 		uChain := chain.Unsigned.(*pchaintxs.CreateChainTx)
 		chainID := chain.ID()
 		endpoint := path.Join(constants.ChainAliasPrefix, chainID.String())
-		switch uChain.VMID() {
+		switch uChain.VMID {
 		case constants.XVMID:
 			apiAliases[endpoint] = []string{
 				"X",
@@ -834,24 +832,16 @@ func Aliases(genesisBytes []byte) (map[string][]string, map[ids.ID][]string, err
 				path.Join(constants.ChainAliasPrefix, "bridge"),
 			}
 			chainAliases[chainID] = BChainAliases
-		case constants.MPCVMID:
+		case constants.ThresholdVMID:
 			apiAliases[endpoint] = []string{
-				"M",
+				"T",
+				"threshold",
+				"thresholdvm",
 				"mpc",
-				"mpcvm",
-				path.Join(constants.ChainAliasPrefix, "M"),
-				path.Join(constants.ChainAliasPrefix, "mpc"),
+				path.Join(constants.ChainAliasPrefix, "T"),
+				path.Join(constants.ChainAliasPrefix, "threshold"),
 			}
-			chainAliases[chainID] = MChainAliases
-		case constants.FHEVMID:
-			apiAliases[endpoint] = []string{
-				"F",
-				"fhe",
-				"fhevm",
-				path.Join(constants.ChainAliasPrefix, "F"),
-				path.Join(constants.ChainAliasPrefix, "fhe"),
-			}
-			chainAliases[chainID] = FChainAliases
+			chainAliases[chainID] = TChainAliases
 		case constants.ZKVMID:
 			apiAliases[endpoint] = []string{
 				"Z",
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"

 	"github.com/luxfi/node/vms/platformvm/genesis"
+	pchaintxs "github.com/luxfi/node/vms/platformvm/txs"
 )

 // TestUTXOAssetIDFromGenesisBytes_Sovereign asserts the canonical
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ func TestUTXOAssetIDFromGenesisBytes_POnly(t *testing.T) {
 	require := require.New(t)

 	pOnly := &genesis.Genesis{Chains: nil}
-	pOnlyBytes, err := pOnly.Bytes()
+	pOnlyBytes, err := genesis.Codec.Marshal(pchaintxs.CodecVersion, pOnly)
 	require.NoError(err)

 	id, ok, err := UTXOAssetIDFromGenesisBytes(pOnlyBytes)
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@ func TestVMGenesisOptInChains(t *testing.T) {
 	pOnly := &genesis.Genesis{
 		Chains: nil,
 	}
-	pOnlyBytes, err := pOnly.Bytes()
+	pOnlyBytes, err := genesis.Codec.Marshal(pchaintxs.CodecVersion, pOnly)
 	require.NoError(err)

 	for name, vmID := range map[string]ids.ID{
@@ -314,15 +314,15 @@ func TestFromConfigExplicitStakers(t *testing.T) {
 	for i, vdrTx := range parsed.Validators {
 		switch ut := vdrTx.Unsigned.(type) {
 		case *txs.AddValidatorTx:
-			require.Equal(stakers[i].Weight, ut.Weight(),
+			require.Equal(stakers[i].Weight, ut.Wght,
 				"validator %d weight mismatch", i)
 			t.Logf("Validator %d: NodeID=%s Weight=%d StakeOuts=%d",
-				i, ut.Validator().NodeID, ut.Weight(), len(ut.StakeOuts()))
+				i, ut.Validator.NodeID, ut.Wght, len(ut.StakeOuts))
 		case *txs.AddPermissionlessValidatorTx:
-			require.Equal(stakers[i].Weight, ut.Weight(),
+			require.Equal(stakers[i].Weight, ut.Wght,
 				"validator %d weight mismatch", i)
 			t.Logf("Validator %d: NodeID=%s Weight=%d StakeOuts=%d",
-				i, ut.Validator().NodeID, ut.Weight(), len(ut.StakeOuts()))
+				i, ut.Validator.NodeID, ut.Wght, len(ut.StakeOuts))
 		default:
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected validator tx type: %T", ut)
 		}
@@ -396,15 +396,15 @@ func TestFromConfigExplicitStakersNoStakedFunds(t *testing.T) {
 	for i, vdrTx := range parsed.Validators {
 		switch ut := vdrTx.Unsigned.(type) {
 		case *txs.AddValidatorTx:
-			require.Greater(ut.Weight(), uint64(0), "validator %d weight must be non-zero", i)
-			require.Greater(len(ut.StakeOuts()), 0, "validator %d must have stake outputs", i)
+			require.Greater(ut.Wght, uint64(0), "validator %d weight must be non-zero", i)
+			require.Greater(len(ut.StakeOuts), 0, "validator %d must have stake outputs", i)
 			t.Logf("Validator %d: NodeID=%s Weight=%d StakeOuts=%d",
-				i, ut.Validator().NodeID, ut.Weight(), len(ut.StakeOuts()))
+				i, ut.Validator.NodeID, ut.Wght, len(ut.StakeOuts))
 		case *txs.AddPermissionlessValidatorTx:
-			require.Greater(ut.Weight(), uint64(0), "validator %d weight must be non-zero", i)
-			require.Greater(len(ut.StakeOuts()), 0, "validator %d must have stake outputs", i)
+			require.Greater(ut.Wght, uint64(0), "validator %d weight must be non-zero", i)
+			require.Greater(len(ut.StakeOuts), 0, "validator %d must have stake outputs", i)
 			t.Logf("Validator %d: NodeID=%s Weight=%d StakeOuts=%d",
-				i, ut.Validator().NodeID, ut.Weight(), len(ut.StakeOuts()))
+				i, ut.Validator.NodeID, ut.Wght, len(ut.StakeOuts))
 		default:
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected validator tx type: %T", ut)
 		}
@@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) 2019-2026, Lux Industries Inc. All rights reserved.
-// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
-
-package builder
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-
-	"github.com/luxfi/constants"
-	"github.com/luxfi/node/vms/platformvm/genesis"
-	pchaintxs "github.com/luxfi/node/vms/platformvm/txs"
-)
-
-// parsePolicy reads the operator form "3-of-5" into (K, N).
-//
-// The canonical parser is luxfi/threshold/pkg/quorum, but the node's genesis
-// builder is a boot-critical path and does not take a dependency on a
-// threshold-crypto library to read three integers. What this test pins is the
-// FORM — that the genesis blob states a quorum in a spelling that cannot be
-// confused with a polynomial degree — and the form is checkable here.
-func parsePolicy(t *testing.T, s string) (k, n int) {
-	t.Helper()
-	_, err := fmt.Sscanf(s, "%d-of-%d", &k, &n)
-	require.NoErrorf(t, err, "policy %q is not in the operator form \"3-of-5\"", s)
-	require.Greaterf(t, k, 1, "policy %q: k=1 is not a threshold policy", s)
-	require.LessOrEqualf(t, k, n, "policy %q can never be satisfied", s)
-	return k, n
-}
-
-// canonicalMPCVMID is M-Chain's vmID in the encoding the node's plugin registry
-// resolves against. Pinned literally: the plugin binary's FILENAME must equal
-// it, and a change that leaves the two out of step produces a chain that is
-// declared in genesis but that no node can start.
-//
-// The predecessor value, tGVBwRxpmD2aFdg3iYjgRvrCe8Jcmq9UNKxyHMus2NZ8WcD8t, is
-// the retired `thresholdvm` identifier. It was what the Dockerfile installed
-// the plugin under while genesis declared MPCVMID, so the two never met.
-const canonicalMPCVMID = "qCURact1n41FcoNBch8iMVBwc9AWie48D118ZNJ5tBdWrvryS"
-
-// M-Chain must be a GENESIS chain — in the P-Chain's chain set at height 0,
-// tracked by every validator from boot — not a chain created later by a
-// CreateChainTx someone has to remember to submit.
-//
-// The difference matters for custody specifically. A post-genesis chain exists
-// only from the height its tx landed, so a node syncing from genesis has a
-// window with no custody state, and the chain's very existence depends on an
-// operator action that can be forgotten or fumbled. Bridged funds should not
-// depend on that.
-func TestMChainIsAGenesisChain(t *testing.T) {
-	for _, networkID := range []uint32{
-		constants.MainnetID,
-		constants.TestnetID,
-		constants.LocalID,
-	} {
-		cfg := GetConfig(networkID)
-		require.NotNilf(t, cfg, "network %d has no genesis config", networkID)
-		require.NotEmptyf(t, cfg.MChainGenesis,
-			"network %d carries no mchain.json, so the builder skips M-Chain entirely", networkID)
-
-		raw, _, err := FromConfig(cfg)
-		require.NoErrorf(t, err, "network %d genesis build", networkID)
-
-		parsed, err := genesis.Parse(raw)
-		require.NoErrorf(t, err, "network %d genesis parse", networkID)
-
-		// Genesis chains are CreateChainTx entries executed at height 0 — the
-		// chain exists from the first block, without anyone submitting a tx.
-		var found *pchaintxs.CreateChainTx
-		for _, c := range parsed.Chains {
-			u, ok := c.Unsigned.(*pchaintxs.CreateChainTx)
-			require.True(t, ok, "a genesis chain entry must be a CreateChainTx")
-			if u.VMID() == constants.MPCVMID {
-				found = u
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		require.NotNilf(t, found,
-			"network %d: no genesis chain with vmID %s (M-Chain)", networkID, constants.MPCVMID)
-		require.Equal(t, "M-Chain", found.BlockchainName())
-		require.Equalf(t, []byte(cfg.MChainGenesis), found.GenesisData(),
-			"network %d: the VM must receive exactly the mchain.json bytes", networkID)
-		require.Equalf(t, canonicalMPCVMID, found.VMID().String(),
-			"network %d: genesis declares a vmID the plugin registry will look up by filename", networkID)
-	}
-}
-
-// The genesis blob decides how many custodians must cooperate to move bridged
-// funds, so it must state that in a form nothing can misread as a polynomial
-// degree. A bare `"threshold": 3` reads as the signer count to an operator and
-// as the degree to every threshold library, and those differ by one.
-func TestMChainGenesisPolicyIsUnambiguousAndDeployable(t *testing.T) {
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		networkID uint32
-		want      string
-	}{
-		{constants.MainnetID, "3-of-5"},
-		{constants.TestnetID, "3-of-5"},
-		{constants.LocalID, "2-of-3"},
-	} {
-		cfg := GetConfig(tc.networkID)
-		require.NotNil(t, cfg)
-
-		var blob struct {
-			Policy string `json:"policy"`
-			VM     string `json:"vm"`
-		}
-		require.NoErrorf(t, json.Unmarshal([]byte(cfg.MChainGenesis), &blob),
-			"network %d mchain.json must decode, policy included", tc.networkID)
-
-		require.Equalf(t, tc.want, blob.Policy, "network %d policy", tc.networkID)
-		k, n := parsePolicy(t, blob.Policy)
-		require.Greaterf(t, 2*k, n,
-			"network %d: %s admits two disjoint quorums, so two halves of the committee could authorise contradictory releases",
-			tc.networkID, blob.Policy)
-		require.Equalf(t, "mpcvm", blob.VM,
-			"network %d must name the current VM, not the retired ThresholdVM", tc.networkID)
-	}
-}
-
-// The ambiguous fields must be gone, not merely ignored. Leaving them in place
-// means the next reader has two numbers to choose between, and the whole point
-// of the policy field is that there is exactly one.
-func TestMChainGenesisHasNoAmbiguousThresholdFields(t *testing.T) {
-	for _, networkID := range []uint32{constants.MainnetID, constants.TestnetID, constants.LocalID} {
-		cfg := GetConfig(networkID)
-		require.NotNil(t, cfg)
-
-		var blob map[string]any
-		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal([]byte(cfg.MChainGenesis), &blob))
-		for _, dead := range []string{"mpcThreshold", "mpcParties", "threshold", "totalParties"} {
-			require.NotContainsf(t, blob, dead,
-				"network %d mchain.json still carries %q; the policy field is the only quorum statement",
-				networkID, dead)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// A policy is only real if the network has enough validators to hold its
-// shares. M-Chain draws its committee from the validator set, and RunKeygen
-// refuses a policy needing more parties than the committee has — so a genesis
-// declaring 7-of-10 on a five-validator network fails closed forever: no
-// custody key can ever be generated, and the failure only shows up the first
-// time someone tries to bridge.
-//
-// mainnet's mchain.json shipped exactly that mismatch for as long as the field
-// existed, harmlessly, because nothing read it. This test is what keeps it
-// harmless now that the policy is authoritative.
-func TestMChainPolicyIsSatisfiableByTheGenesisValidatorSet(t *testing.T) {
-	for _, networkID := range []uint32{constants.MainnetID, constants.TestnetID, constants.LocalID} {
-		cfg := GetConfig(networkID)
-		require.NotNil(t, cfg)
-
-		raw, _, err := FromConfig(cfg)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		parsed, err := genesis.Parse(raw)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-
-		var blob struct {
-			Policy string `json:"policy"`
-		}
-		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal([]byte(cfg.MChainGenesis), &blob))
-		_, n := parsePolicy(t, blob.Policy)
-
-		require.LessOrEqualf(t, n, len(parsed.Validators),
-			"network %d: M-Chain policy %s needs %d parties but genesis declares %d validators; "+
-				"keygen would fail closed and no custody key could ever exist",
-			networkID, blob.Policy, n, len(parsed.Validators))
-	}
-}
@@ -62,8 +62,7 @@ var Registry = []ChainSpec{
 	{Letter: "Q", VMID: constants.QuantumVMID, Aliases: []string{"quantum", "quantumvm", "pq"}, Name: "Q-Chain"},
 	{Letter: "A", VMID: constants.AIVMID, Aliases: []string{"attest", "ai", "aivm"}, Name: "A-Chain"},
 	{Letter: "B", VMID: constants.BridgeVMID, Aliases: []string{"bridge", "bridgevm"}, Name: "B-Chain"},
-	{Letter: "M", VMID: constants.MPCVMID, Aliases: []string{"mpc", "mpcvm"}, Name: "M-Chain"},
-	{Letter: "F", VMID: constants.FHEVMID, Aliases: []string{"fhe", "fhevm"}, Name: "F-Chain"},
+	{Letter: "T", VMID: constants.ThresholdVMID, Aliases: []string{"threshold", "thresholdvm", "mpc"}, Name: "T-Chain"},
 	{Letter: "Z", VMID: constants.ZKVMID, Aliases: []string{"zk", "zkvm"}, Name: "Z-Chain"},
 	{Letter: "G", VMID: constants.GraphVMID, Aliases: []string{"graph", "graphvm", "dgraph"}, Name: "G-Chain"},
 	{Letter: "K", VMID: constants.KeyVMID, Aliases: []string{"key", "keyvm"}, Name: "K-Chain"},
@@ -41,8 +41,7 @@ func TestChainAliasesRegistryParity(t *testing.T) {
 		{"Q", QChainAliases, []string{"Q", "quantum", "quantumvm", "pq"}},
 		{"A", AChainAliases, []string{"A", "attest", "ai", "aivm"}},
 		{"B", BChainAliases, []string{"B", "bridge", "bridgevm"}},
-		{"M", MChainAliases, []string{"M", "mpc", "mpcvm"}},
-		{"F", FChainAliases, []string{"F", "fhe", "fhevm"}},
+		{"T", TChainAliases, []string{"T", "threshold", "thresholdvm", "mpc"}},
 		{"Z", ZChainAliases, []string{"Z", "zk", "zkvm"}},
 		{"G", GChainAliases, []string{"G", "graph", "graphvm", "dgraph"}},
 		{"K", KChainAliases, []string{"K", "key", "keyvm"}},
@@ -73,8 +72,7 @@ func TestVMAliasesRegistryParity(t *testing.T) {
 		constants.QuantumVMID:   {"quantumvm", "quantum", "pq"},
 		constants.AIVMID:        {"aivm", "attest", "ai"},
 		constants.BridgeVMID:    {"bridgevm", "bridge"},
-		constants.MPCVMID:       {"mpc", "mpcvm"},
-		constants.FHEVMID:       {"fhe", "fhevm"},
+		constants.ThresholdVMID: {"thresholdvm", "threshold", "mpc"},
 		constants.ZKVMID:        {"zkvm", "zk"},
 		constants.GraphVMID:     {"graphvm", "graph", "dgraph"},
 		constants.KeyVMID:       {"keyvm", "key"},
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) 2019-2026, Lux Industries Inc. All rights reserved.
-// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
-
-// zzz_gateprobe_test.go is a BLUE-team gate instrument for the
-// mpcvm-decomplect surgery (LP-134 / LP-7050). NOT a behavioral
-// assertion — it emits a deterministic per-chain digest of the fully
-// built P-Chain genesis for every network so before/after can be diffed
-// to PROVE which chains changed and which stayed byte-identical.
-// zzz_ prefix keeps it last. Delete after RED sign-off.
-package builder
-
-import (
-	"crypto/sha256"
-	"encoding/hex"
-	"fmt"
-	"sort"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/luxfi/node/vms/platformvm/genesis"
-	pchaintxs "github.com/luxfi/node/vms/platformvm/txs"
-)
-
-func TestZZZ_GateProbe_PerChainDigest(t *testing.T) {
-	nets := []struct {
-		name string
-		id   uint32
-	}{
-		{"mainnet", 1},
-		{"testnet", 2},
-		{"devnet", 3},
-		{"localnet", 1337},
-	}
-
-	for _, n := range nets {
-		cfg := GetConfig(n.id)
-		if cfg == nil {
-			t.Fatalf("%s GetConfig: nil", n.name)
-		}
-		gb, rootID, err := FromConfig(cfg)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("%s FromConfig: %v", n.name, err)
-		}
-		gen, err := genesis.Parse(gb)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("%s Parse: %v", n.name, err)
-		}
-
-		type row struct {
-			name    string
-			vmid    string
-			dataSum string
-			chainID string
-		}
-		rows := make([]row, 0, len(gen.Chains))
-		for _, c := range gen.Chains {
-			u := c.Unsigned.(*pchaintxs.CreateChainTx)
-			sum := sha256.Sum256(u.GenesisData())
-			rows = append(rows, row{
-				name:    u.BlockchainName(),
-				vmid:    u.VMID().String(),
-				dataSum: hex.EncodeToString(sum[:]),
-				chainID: c.ID().String(),
-			})
-		}
-		sort.Slice(rows, func(i, j int) bool { return rows[i].name < rows[j].name })
-
-		fmt.Printf("=== NET %s (id=%d) P-ROOT=%s ===\n", n.name, n.id, rootID.String())
-		for _, r := range rows {
-			fmt.Printf("  CHAIN name=%-10s vmid=%-52s dataSHA256=%s chainTxID=%s\n",
-				r.name, r.vmid, r.dataSum, r.chainID)
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -26,21 +26,21 @@ require (
 	github.com/huin/goupnp v1.3.0
 	github.com/jackpal/gateway v1.1.1
 	github.com/jackpal/go-nat-pmp v1.0.2
-	github.com/luxfi/consensus v1.36.10
-	github.com/luxfi/crypto v1.20.2
-	github.com/luxfi/database v1.21.1
-	github.com/luxfi/ids v1.3.2
-	github.com/luxfi/keychain v1.1.1
+	github.com/luxfi/consensus v1.35.2
+	github.com/luxfi/crypto v1.19.26
+	github.com/luxfi/database v1.20.4
+	github.com/luxfi/ids v1.3.0
+	github.com/luxfi/keychain v1.0.2
 	github.com/luxfi/log v1.4.3
-	github.com/luxfi/math v1.5.1
-	github.com/luxfi/metric v1.8.1
+	github.com/luxfi/math v1.4.1
+	github.com/luxfi/metric v1.5.9
 	github.com/luxfi/mock v0.1.1
 	github.com/mr-tron/base58 v1.3.0
 	github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2 v2.28.1
 	github.com/pires/go-proxyproto v0.11.0
 	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.23.2 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.6.2 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/common v0.68.0 // indirect
+	github.com/prometheus/common v0.67.5 // indirect
 	github.com/rs/cors v1.11.1
 	github.com/shirou/gopsutil v3.21.11+incompatible
 	github.com/spf13/cast v1.10.0 // indirect
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/bits-and-blooms/bitset v1.24.4 // indirect
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0
-	github.com/cockroachdb/errors v1.13.0 // indirect
+	github.com/cockroachdb/errors v1.12.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cockroachdb/logtags v0.0.0-20241215232642-bb51bb14a506 // indirect
 	github.com/cockroachdb/redact v1.1.8 // indirect
 	github.com/cockroachdb/tokenbucket v0.0.0-20250429170803-42689b6311bb // indirect
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/deckarep/golang-set/v2 v2.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/fatih/structtag v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.9.0 // indirect
-	github.com/getsentry/sentry-go v0.46.2 // indirect
+	github.com/getsentry/sentry-go v0.44.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-ole/go-ole v1.3.0 // indirect
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.1-0.20181226105442-5d4384ee4fb2 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.20.1 // indirect
-	github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.15.0 // indirect
+	github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.14.1 // indirect
 	github.com/sanity-io/litter v1.5.5 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0 // indirect
 	github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.6.0 // indirect
@@ -118,37 +118,36 @@ require (
 	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v4 v4.5.2
 	github.com/golang/mock v1.7.0-rc.1
 	github.com/luxfi/accel v1.2.4
-	github.com/luxfi/api v1.1.1
+	github.com/luxfi/api v1.0.15
 	github.com/luxfi/atomic v1.0.0
-	github.com/luxfi/chains v1.7.9
-	github.com/luxfi/codec v1.2.1
-	github.com/luxfi/compress v0.1.1
-	github.com/luxfi/constants v1.6.2
-	github.com/luxfi/container v0.2.1
+	github.com/luxfi/chains v1.4.8
+	github.com/luxfi/codec v1.1.5
+	github.com/luxfi/compress v0.0.5
+	github.com/luxfi/constants v1.5.8
+	github.com/luxfi/container v0.0.4
 	github.com/luxfi/filesystem v0.0.1
-	github.com/luxfi/genesis v1.16.4
+	github.com/luxfi/genesis v1.13.16
 	github.com/luxfi/genesis/pkg/genesis/security v1.13.8
-	github.com/luxfi/geth v1.20.1
-	github.com/luxfi/go-bip39 v1.2.0
-	github.com/luxfi/keys v1.4.1
+	github.com/luxfi/geth v1.17.12
+	github.com/luxfi/go-bip39 v1.1.2
+	github.com/luxfi/keys v1.2.0
 	github.com/luxfi/math/safe v0.0.1
-	github.com/luxfi/net v0.1.1
-	github.com/luxfi/p2p v1.22.1
-	github.com/luxfi/resource v0.1.1
+	github.com/luxfi/net v0.0.5
+	github.com/luxfi/p2p v1.21.1
+	github.com/luxfi/resource v0.0.1
 	github.com/luxfi/rpc v1.1.0
-	github.com/luxfi/runtime v1.3.1
-	github.com/luxfi/sdk v1.18.1
+	github.com/luxfi/runtime v1.1.3
+	github.com/luxfi/sdk v1.17.9
 	github.com/luxfi/sys v0.1.0
-	github.com/luxfi/threshold v1.12.3
-	github.com/luxfi/timer v1.1.1
+	github.com/luxfi/timer v1.0.2
 	github.com/luxfi/units v1.0.0
-	github.com/luxfi/utils v1.3.1
-	github.com/luxfi/utxo v0.5.8
-	github.com/luxfi/validators v1.3.1
-	github.com/luxfi/vm v1.3.1
-	github.com/luxfi/warp v1.24.1
-	github.com/luxfi/zap v1.2.6
-	github.com/luxfi/zwing v0.6.1
+	github.com/luxfi/utils v1.2.0
+	github.com/luxfi/utxo v0.3.7
+	github.com/luxfi/validators v1.2.0
+	github.com/luxfi/vm v1.2.5
+	github.com/luxfi/warp v1.24.0
+	github.com/luxfi/zap v0.8.11
+	github.com/luxfi/zwing v0.5.2
 	github.com/nbutton23/zxcvbn-go v0.0.0-20210217022336-fa2cb2858354
 	github.com/zap-proto/http v0.0.0-20260506200741-fd6047874433
 	go.uber.org/zap v1.27.1
@@ -177,8 +176,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/ssooidc v1.35.18 // indirect
 	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/sts v1.41.10 // indirect
 	github.com/aws/smithy-go v1.24.2 // indirect
-	github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcec/v2 v2.5.0 // indirect
-	github.com/btcsuite/btcd/chainhash/v2 v2.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcec/v2 v2.3.6 // indirect
+	github.com/btcsuite/btcd/chaincfg/chainhash v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cenkalti/backoff v2.2.1+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/colega/zeropool v0.0.0-20230505084239-6fb4a4f75381 // indirect
 	github.com/decred/dcrd/crypto/blake256 v1.1.0 // indirect
@@ -190,23 +189,24 @@ require (
 	github.com/hanzoai/vfs v0.4.3 // indirect
 	github.com/hanzos3/go-sdk v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/crc32 v1.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/age v1.6.0 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/corona v0.10.4 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/age v1.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/bft v0.1.5 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/corona v0.10.3 // indirect
 	github.com/luxfi/crypto/ipa v1.2.4 // indirect
 	github.com/luxfi/dkg v0.3.5 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/kms v1.12.10 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/kms v1.11.7 // indirect
 	github.com/luxfi/lattice/v7 v7.1.4 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/lens v0.2.1 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/light v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/lens v0.1.4 // indirect
 	github.com/luxfi/magnetar v1.2.3 // indirect
 	github.com/luxfi/mdns v0.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/mlwe v0.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/pq v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/precompile v0.19.3 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/protocol v0.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/pulsar v1.9.2 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/staking v1.6.1 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/trace v1.2.1 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/mlwe v0.2.1 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/pq v1.0.3 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/precompile v0.16.0 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/pulsar v1.9.0 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/staking v1.5.1 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/threshold v1.12.0 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/trace v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/zapcodec v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/luxfi/zapdb v1.10.1 // indirect
 	github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.72 // indirect
 	github.com/mimoo/StrobeGo v0.0.0-20220103164710-9a04d6ca976b // indirect
@@ -216,13 +216,12 @@ require (
 	github.com/rs/xid v1.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/tinylib/msgp v1.6.4 // indirect
 	go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver v1.17.9 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20260526163538-3dc84a4a5aaa // indirect
 )

 require (
-	github.com/luxfi/concurrent v0.1.1
-	github.com/luxfi/proto v1.4.2
-	github.com/luxfi/upgrade v1.0.3 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/concurrent v0.0.3
+	github.com/luxfi/proto v1.3.5
+	github.com/luxfi/upgrade v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/luxfi/version v1.0.1
 	gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.2.1 // indirect
 )
@@ -243,13 +242,13 @@ require (
 	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20260302011040-a15ffb7f9dcc // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/address v1.1.1
-	github.com/luxfi/cache v1.3.1 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/formatting v1.1.1
-	github.com/luxfi/go-bip32 v1.1.0
+	github.com/luxfi/address v1.0.1
+	github.com/luxfi/cache v1.2.1 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/formatting v1.0.1
+	github.com/luxfi/go-bip32 v1.0.2
 	github.com/luxfi/math/big v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/luxfi/sampler v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/luxfi/tls v1.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/luxfi/tls v1.0.3 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.15 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.22 // indirect
 	github.com/montanaflynn/stats v0.9.0 // indirect
@@ -258,7 +257,15 @@ require (
 	github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4 // indirect
 	github.com/zeebo/blake3 v0.2.4 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.2.1 // indirect
+	go.yaml.in/yaml/v2 v2.4.4 // indirect
 	go.yaml.in/yaml/v3 v3.0.4 // indirect
 )

 exclude github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum v1.10.26
+
+// TEMPORARY — local-dev build aid for the bootstrap frozen-cache convergence fix.
+// FINAL CASCADE (publish step, NOT done here): tag consensus v1.25.36 (the uncommitted
+// engine/chain/integration.go FinalizedLedger + FinalizedBlockAtHeight accessors and the
+// engine/chain/bootstrap Has→Accepted change), bump the require above v1.25.35 → v1.25.36,
+// then DELETE this replace. The zap client (option b) is node-only and does NOT widen the
+// consensus bump.
@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ github.com/btcsuite/btcd v0.23.5-0.20231215221805-96c9fd8078fd/go.mod h1:nm3Bko6
 github.com/btcsuite/btcd v0.24.2/go.mod h1:5C8ChTkl5ejr3WHj8tkQSCmydiMEPB0ZhQhehpq7Dgg=
 github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcec/v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:2VzYrv4Gm4apmbVVsSq5bqf1Ec8v56E48Vt0Y/umPgA=
 github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcec/v2 v2.1.3/go.mod h1:ctjw4H1kknNJmRN4iP1R7bTQ+v3GJkZBd6mui8ZsAZE=
-github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcec/v2 v2.5.0 h1:KioMXOWa76b86sTZZOmbzv/ldaQCmB8KFAyn5PbB8E8=
-github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcec/v2 v2.5.0/go.mod h1:+K/MYXcLBtHEQjRbjHuJChuybk4LCgjdjgRwil+e+Kk=
+github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcec/v2 v2.3.6 h1:IzlsEr9olcSRKB/n7c4351F3xHKxS2lma+1UFGCYd4E=
+github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcec/v2 v2.3.6/go.mod h1:m22FrOAiuxl/tht9wIqAoGHcbnCCaPWyauO8y2LGGtQ=
 github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcutil v1.0.0/go.mod h1:Uoxwv0pqYWhD//tfTiipkxNfdhG9UrLwaeswfjfdF0A=
 github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcutil v1.1.0/go.mod h1:5OapHB7A2hBBWLm48mmw4MOHNJCcUBTwmWH/0Jn8VHE=
 github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcutil v1.1.5/go.mod h1:PSZZ4UitpLBWzxGd5VGOrLnmOjtPP/a6HaFo12zMs00=
@@ -76,9 +76,8 @@ github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcutil v1.1.6 h1:zFL2+c3Lb9gEgqKNzowKUPQNb8jV7v5Oaodi/
 github.com/btcsuite/btcd/btcutil v1.1.6/go.mod h1:9dFymx8HpuLqBnsPELrImQeTQfKBQqzqGbbV3jK55aE=
 github.com/btcsuite/btcd/chaincfg/chainhash v1.0.0/go.mod h1:7SFka0XMvUgj3hfZtydOrQY2mwhPclbT2snogU7SQQc=
 github.com/btcsuite/btcd/chaincfg/chainhash v1.0.1/go.mod h1:7SFka0XMvUgj3hfZtydOrQY2mwhPclbT2snogU7SQQc=
+github.com/btcsuite/btcd/chaincfg/chainhash v1.1.0 h1:59Kx4K6lzOW5w6nFlA0v5+lk/6sjybR934QNHSJZPTQ=
 github.com/btcsuite/btcd/chaincfg/chainhash v1.1.0/go.mod h1:7SFka0XMvUgj3hfZtydOrQY2mwhPclbT2snogU7SQQc=
-github.com/btcsuite/btcd/chainhash/v2 v2.0.0 h1:PMLlSloHJuEeB80XG9EjpXWNEKAZAMLl6YHZ6YsEuoA=
-github.com/btcsuite/btcd/chainhash/v2 v2.0.0/go.mod h1:mKxcZ7oGTXE7IRV+sS9hP4EVBwc/SzfNR+52IsOP9j8=
 github.com/btcsuite/btclog v0.0.0-20170628155309-84c8d2346e9f/go.mod h1:TdznJufoqS23FtqVCzL0ZqgP5MqXbb4fg/WgDys70nA=
 github.com/btcsuite/btcutil v0.0.0-20190425235716-9e5f4b9a998d/go.mod h1:+5NJ2+qvTyV9exUAL/rxXi3DcLg2Ts+ymUAY5y4NvMg=
 github.com/btcsuite/go-socks v0.0.0-20170105172521-4720035b7bfd/go.mod h1:HHNXQzUsZCxOoE+CPiyCTO6x34Zs86zZUiwtpXoGdtg=
@@ -99,8 +98,8 @@ github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.6.3 h1:9GPOhQGF9MCYUeXyMYlqTR6a5gTrgR/fBLXvUgtVcg
 github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.6.3/go.mod h1:2eXP6Qfat4O/Yhh8BznvKnJ+uzEoTQ6jVKJRn81BiS4=
 github.com/cockroachdb/datadriven v1.0.3-0.20230413201302-be42291fc80f h1:otljaYPt5hWxV3MUfO5dFPFiOXg9CyG5/kCfayTqsJ4=
 github.com/cockroachdb/datadriven v1.0.3-0.20230413201302-be42291fc80f/go.mod h1:a9RdTaap04u637JoCzcUoIcDmvwSUtcUFtT/C3kJlTU=
-github.com/cockroachdb/errors v1.13.0 h1:BoCcJeiP9hpBJDETkX19qi8Tb8So37srSsp3stTaDMQ=
-github.com/cockroachdb/errors v1.13.0/go.mod h1:bjxt/4E5+OyuAnacpTIU9rn2mzPu1VlthvHP+xpROq0=
+github.com/cockroachdb/errors v1.12.0 h1:d7oCs6vuIMUQRVbi6jWWWEJZahLCfJpnJSVobd1/sUo=
+github.com/cockroachdb/errors v1.12.0/go.mod h1:SvzfYNNBshAVbZ8wzNc/UPK3w1vf0dKDUP41ucAIf7g=
 github.com/cockroachdb/fifo v0.0.0-20240816210425-c5d0cb0b6fc0 h1:pU88SPhIFid6/k0egdR5V6eALQYq2qbSmukrkgIh/0A=
 github.com/cockroachdb/fifo v0.0.0-20240816210425-c5d0cb0b6fc0/go.mod h1:9/y3cnZ5GKakj/H4y9r9GTjCvAFta7KLgSHPJJYc52M=
 github.com/cockroachdb/logtags v0.0.0-20241215232642-bb51bb14a506 h1:ASDL+UJcILMqgNeV5jiqR4j+sTuvQNHdf2chuKj1M5k=
@@ -167,8 +166,8 @@ github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.9.0 h1:2Ml+OJNzbYCTzsxtv8vKSFD9PbJjmhYF14k/jKC7S
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-google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20260526163538-3dc84a4a5aaa/go.mod h1:4Hqkh8ycfw05ld/3BWL7rJOSfebL2Q+DVDeRgYgxUU8=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.81.1 h1:VnnIIZ88UzOOKLukQi+ImGz8O1Wdp8nAGGnvOfEIWQQ=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.81.1/go.mod h1:xGH9GfzOyMTGIOXBJmXt+BX/V0kcdQbdcuwQ/zNw42I=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200109180630-ec00e32a8dfd/go.mod h1:DFci5gLYBciE7Vtevhsrf46CRTquxDuWsQurQQe4oz8=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200221191635-4d8936d0db64/go.mod h1:kwYJMbMJ01Woi6D6+Kah6886xMZcty6N08ah7+eCXa0=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200228230310-ab0ca4ff8a60/go.mod h1:cfTl7dwQJ+fmap5saPgwCLgHXTUD7jkjRqWcaiX5VyM=
@@ -70,4 +70,4 @@ esac

 echo ""
 echo "Import complete! Verify with:"
-echo "  curl -s -X POST --data '{\"jsonrpc\":\"2.0\",\"id\":1,\"method\":\"eth_blockNumber\",\"params\":[]}' -H 'content-type:application/json' \$RPC_URL/v1/bc/<blockchain-id>/rpc"
+echo "  curl -s -X POST --data '{\"jsonrpc\":\"2.0\",\"id\":1,\"method\":\"eth_blockNumber\",\"params\":[]}' -H 'content-type:application/json' \$RPC_URL/ext/bc/<blockchain-id>/rpc"
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ type Client struct {
 // calls.
 // [uri] is the path to make API calls to.
 // For example:
-//   - http://1.2.3.4:9650/v1/index/C/block
-//   - http://1.2.3.4:9650/v1/index/X/tx
+//   - http://1.2.3.4:9650/ext/index/C/block
+//   - http://1.2.3.4:9650/ext/index/X/tx
 func NewClient(uri string) *Client {
 	return &Client{
 		Requester: rpc.NewEndpointRequester(uri),
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import (
 // and prints the ID of the block and its transactions.
 func main() {
 	var (
-		uri       = primary.LocalAPIURI + "/v1/index/P/block"
+		uri       = primary.LocalAPIURI + "/ext/index/P/block"
 		client    = indexer.NewClient(uri)
 		ctx       = context.Background()
 		nextIndex uint64
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func main() {
 			platformvmBlockBytes = proposerVMBlock.Block()
 		}

-		platformvmBlock, err := platformvmblock.Parse(platformvmBlockBytes)
+		platformvmBlock, err := platformvmblock.Parse(platformvmblock.Codec, platformvmBlockBytes)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Fatalf("failed to parse platformvm block: %s\n", err)
 		}
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import (
 // and prints the ID of the block and its transactions.
 func main() {
 	var (
-		uri       = primary.LocalAPIURI + "/v1/index/X/block"
+		uri       = primary.LocalAPIURI + "/ext/index/X/block"
 		xChainID  = ids.FromStringOrPanic("2eNy1mUFdmaxXNj1eQHUe7Np4gju9sJsEtWQ4MX3ToiNKuADed")
 		client    = indexer.NewClient(uri)
 		ctx       = context.Background()
@@ -25,29 +25,29 @@ Each chain has one or more index. To see if a C-Chain block is accepted, for exa
 ### C-Chain Blocks

 ```
-/v1/index/C/block
+/ext/index/C/block
 ```

 ### P-Chain Blocks

 ```
-/v1/index/P/block
+/ext/index/P/block
 ```

 ### X-Chain Transactions

 ```
-/v1/index/X/tx
+/ext/index/X/tx
 ```

 ### X-Chain Blocks

 ```
-/v1/index/X/block
+/ext/index/X/block
 ```

 <Callout type="warn">
-To ensure historical data can be accessed, the `/v1/index/X/vtx` is still accessible, even though it is no longer populated with chain data since the X-Chain block linearization landed. If you are using `V1.10.0` or higher, you need to migrate to using the `/v1/index/X/block` endpoint.
+To ensure historical data can be accessed, the `/ext/index/X/vtx` is still accessible, even though it is no longer populated with chain data since the X-Chain block linearization landed. If you are using `V1.10.0` or higher, you need to migrate to using the `/ext/index/X/block` endpoint.
 </Callout>

 ## Methods
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ index.getContainerByID({
 **Example Call**:

 ```sh
-curl --location --request POST 'localhost:9630/v1/index/X/tx' \
+curl --location --request POST 'localhost:9630/ext/index/X/tx' \
 --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
 --data-raw '{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ index.getContainerByIndex({
 **Example Call**:

 ```sh
-curl --location --request POST 'localhost:9630/v1/index/X/tx' \
+curl --location --request POST 'localhost:9630/ext/index/X/tx' \
 --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
 --data-raw '{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ index.getContainerRange({
 **Example Call**:

 ```sh
-curl --location --request POST 'localhost:9630/v1/index/X/tx' \
+curl --location --request POST 'localhost:9630/ext/index/X/tx' \
 --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
 --data-raw '{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ index.getIndex({
 **Example Call**:

 ```sh
-curl --location --request POST 'localhost:9630/v1/index/X/tx' \
+curl --location --request POST 'localhost:9630/ext/index/X/tx' \
 --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
 --data-raw '{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ index.getLastAccepted({
 **Example Call**:

 ```sh
-curl --location --request POST 'localhost:9630/v1/index/X/tx' \
+curl --location --request POST 'localhost:9630/ext/index/X/tx' \
 --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
 --data-raw '{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ index.isAccepted({
 **Example Call**:

 ```sh
-curl --location --request POST 'localhost:9630/v1/index/X/tx' \
+curl --location --request POST 'localhost:9630/ext/index/X/tx' \
 --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
 --data-raw '{
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ To get an X-Chain transaction by its index (the order it was accepted in), use I
 For example, to get the second transaction (note that `"index":1`) accepted on the X-Chain, do:

 ```sh
-curl --location --request POST 'https://indexer-demo.lux.network/v1/index/X/tx' \
+curl --location --request POST 'https://indexer-demo.lux.network/ext/index/X/tx' \
 --header 'Content-Type: application/json' \
 --data-raw '{
   "jsonrpc": "2.0",
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ curl -X POST --data '{
        "txID":"ZGYTSU8w3zUP6VFseGC798vA2Vnxnfj6fz1QPfA9N93bhjJvo",
        "encoding": "json"
    }
-}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' https://api.lux.network/v1/bc/X
+}' -H 'content-type:application/json;' https://api.lux.network/ext/bc/X
 ```

 **Response**:
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ spec:
            cpu: "4"
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
-            path: /v1/health
+            path: /ext/health
            port: 9630
          initialDelaySeconds: 120
          periodSeconds: 30
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ spec:
          timeoutSeconds: 10
        readinessProbe:
          httpGet:
-            path: /v1/health
+            path: /ext/health
            port: 9630
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          periodSeconds: 10
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ spec:
          timeoutSeconds: 5
        startupProbe:
          httpGet:
-            path: /v1/health
+            path: /ext/health
            port: 9630
          initialDelaySeconds: 10
          periodSeconds: 10
@@ -34,20 +34,6 @@ type Net interface {
 	// IsBootstrapped returns true if the chains in this chain are done bootstrapping
 	IsBootstrapped() bool

-	// Bootstrapping returns the IDs of the chains in this net that have NOT yet
-	// finished initial sync. The net owns the bootstrapping set, so it is the
-	// net — not its caller — that can name those chains.
-	Bootstrapping() []ids.ID
-
-	// IsChainBootstrapped reports whether a SPECIFIC chain in this net has finished
-	// initial sync — i.e. Bootstrapped(chainID) was called for it (the chain reached
-	// the network frontier and its VM went to normal operation). This is the per-chain
-	// truth that info.isBootstrapped keys on, distinct from IsBootstrapped() which is
-	// the net-wide "no chain still bootstrapping" aggregate. A chain that is merely
-	// tracked (added, sync goroutine launched) but has NOT converged is still in the
-	// bootstrapping set and reads false here — closing the premature-true masking bug.
-	IsChainBootstrapped(chainID ids.ID) bool
-
 	// Bootstrapped marks the chain as done bootstrapping
 	Bootstrapped(chainID ids.ID)

@@ -80,28 +66,6 @@ func (s *chain) IsBootstrapped() bool {
 	return s.bootstrapping.Len() == 0
 }

-func (s *chain) Bootstrapping() []ids.ID {
-	s.lock.RLock()
-	defer s.lock.RUnlock()
-
-	return s.bootstrapping.List()
-}
-
-// IsChainBootstrapped assumes MONOTONIC per-process bootstrapped state: a chain
-// only ever moves bootstrapping→bootstrapped (Bootstrapped is forward-only and
-// AddChain refuses to re-add a chain already in either set), so this signal — and
-// the Bootstrapping() health check that shares the set — never report stale-true.
-// INVARIANT: if a future path ever moves a live chain BACK to bootstrapping (e.g.
-// SetState(Bootstrapping) on a running chain) it MUST remove the chainID from
-// bootstrapped, or both this signal and the readiness health check will report a
-// re-syncing chain as still bootstrapped.
-func (s *chain) IsChainBootstrapped(chainID ids.ID) bool {
-	s.lock.RLock()
-	defer s.lock.RUnlock()
-
-	return s.bootstrapped.Contains(chainID)
-}
-
 func (s *chain) Bootstrapped(chainID ids.ID) {
 	s.lock.Lock()
 	defer s.lock.Unlock()
@@ -68,26 +68,3 @@ func TestIsAllowed(t *testing.T) {
 	require.False(s.IsAllowed(ids.GenerateTestNodeID(), false), "Non-validator should not be allowed with validator only rules and allowed nodes")
 	require.True(s.IsAllowed(allowedNodeID, true), "Non-validator allowed node should be allowed with validator only rules and allowed nodes")
 }
-
-// Bootstrapping must name the CHAINS still syncing. The net-level aggregate
-// IsBootstrapped() only says "something here is unconverged"; only the chain
-// IDs say what.
-func TestNetBootstrappingNamesTheChains(t *testing.T) {
-	require := require.New(t)
-
-	chainID0 := ids.GenerateTestID()
-	chainID1 := ids.GenerateTestID()
-
-	s := New(ids.GenerateTestNodeID(), Config{})
-	require.Empty(s.Bootstrapping())
-
-	s.AddChain(chainID0)
-	s.AddChain(chainID1)
-	require.ElementsMatch([]ids.ID{chainID0, chainID1}, s.Bootstrapping())
-
-	s.Bootstrapped(chainID0)
-	require.Equal([]ids.ID{chainID1}, s.Bootstrapping())
-
-	s.Bootstrapped(chainID1)
-	require.Empty(s.Bootstrapping())
-}
@@ -340,16 +340,15 @@ func NewNetwork(
 				// AddPermissionlessValidatorTx (modern). Handle both.
 				switch tx := validatorTx.Unsigned.(type) {
 				case *txs.AddPermissionlessValidatorTx:
-					validator := tx.Validator()
-					nodeID := validator.NodeID
-					weight := validator.Wght
+					nodeID := tx.Validator.NodeID
+					weight := tx.Validator.Wght
 					if weight == 0 {
 						weight = 1
 					}

 					var blsKey []byte
-					if s := tx.Signer(); s != nil {
-						if pubKey := s.Key(); pubKey != nil {
+					if tx.Signer != nil {
+						if pubKey := tx.Signer.Key(); pubKey != nil {
 							blsKey = bls.PublicKeyToCompressedBytes(pubKey)
 						}
 					}
@@ -369,9 +368,8 @@ func NewNetwork(
 						zap.Int("blsKeyLen", len(blsKey)),
 					)
 				case *txs.AddValidatorTx:
-					validator := tx.Validator()
-					nodeID := validator.NodeID
-					weight := validator.Wght
+					nodeID := tx.Validator.NodeID
+					weight := tx.Validator.Wght
 					if weight == 0 {
 						weight = 1
 					}
@@ -14,10 +14,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/luxfi/math/set"
 	"github.com/luxfi/node/message"
 	"github.com/luxfi/node/proto/p2p"
-	"github.com/luxfi/node/trace"
 	"github.com/luxfi/node/version"
 	"github.com/luxfi/timer"
-	luxversion "github.com/luxfi/version"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/trace"
 )

 // router implements Router interface for routing messages to chain handlers
@@ -194,94 +193,26 @@ func (r *chainRouter) AddChain(ctx context.Context, chainID ids.ID, h handler.Ha
 	)
 }

-// versionedConnector is the capability a chain handler advertises when it can
-// forward a peer's REAL application version to its VM. The consensus
-// handler.Handler.Connected signature carries only the nodeID (the version was
-// dropped at that boundary); a handler that implements this receives the real
-// version instead. blockHandler implements it. The version must survive to the
-// inner VM: the C-Chain (coreth) state-sync peer tracker compares peer versions
-// and dereferences a nil version, panicking a state-syncing node.
-type versionedConnector interface {
-	ConnectedWithVersion(ctx context.Context, nodeID ids.NodeID, nodeVersion *luxversion.Application) error
-}
-
-// toAppVersion converts the node's peer version (github.com/luxfi/node/version)
-// to the github.com/luxfi/version.Application the VM Connected boundary
-// (chain.VersionInfo) expects. nil-safe: a nil peer version maps to nil.
-func toAppVersion(v *version.Application) *luxversion.Application {
-	if v == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	return &luxversion.Application{
-		Name:  v.Name,
-		Major: v.Major,
-		Minor: v.Minor,
-		Patch: v.Patch,
-	}
-}
-
 func (r *chainRouter) Connected(nodeID ids.NodeID, nodeVersion *version.Application, netID ids.ID) {
 	r.lock.Lock()
-	r.connectedPeers.Add(nodeID)
-	handlers := make([]handler.Handler, 0, len(r.chains))
-	for _, h := range r.chains {
-		handlers = append(handlers, h)
-	}
-	r.lock.Unlock()
+	defer r.lock.Unlock()

+	r.connectedPeers.Add(nodeID)
 	r.log.Debug("peer connected",
 		log.Stringer("nodeID", nodeID),
 		log.Any("version", nodeVersion),
 		log.Stringer("netID", netID),
 	)
-
-	// Deliver the connection to every chain handler so VMs observe peer
-	// connectivity — the P-chain uptime tracker in particular. Handlers dedup, so
-	// repeated dispatch of the same connection (once per tracked network) is
-	// safe. Dispatch OUTSIDE the router lock: a handler must never re-enter the
-	// router while we hold it.
-	//
-	// Deliver the REAL peer version through the versionedConnector capability so
-	// it reaches the inner VM (proposervm → coreth state-sync). Only handlers
-	// that cannot carry a version fall back to the plain nodeID-only Connected.
-	appVersion := toAppVersion(nodeVersion)
-	for _, h := range handlers {
-		var err error
-		if vc, ok := h.(versionedConnector); ok {
-			err = vc.ConnectedWithVersion(context.Background(), nodeID, appVersion)
-		} else {
-			err = h.Connected(context.Background(), nodeID)
-		}
-		if err != nil {
-			r.log.Debug("chain handler Connected failed",
-				log.Stringer("nodeID", nodeID),
-				log.Err(err),
-			)
-		}
-	}
 }

 func (r *chainRouter) Disconnected(nodeID ids.NodeID) {
 	r.lock.Lock()
-	r.connectedPeers.Remove(nodeID)
-	handlers := make([]handler.Handler, 0, len(r.chains))
-	for _, h := range r.chains {
-		handlers = append(handlers, h)
-	}
-	r.lock.Unlock()
+	defer r.lock.Unlock()

+	r.connectedPeers.Remove(nodeID)
 	r.log.Debug("peer disconnected",
 		log.Stringer("nodeID", nodeID),
 	)
-
-	for _, h := range handlers {
-		if err := h.Disconnected(context.Background(), nodeID); err != nil {
-			r.log.Debug("chain handler Disconnected failed",
-				log.Stringer("nodeID", nodeID),
-				log.Err(err),
-			)
-		}
-	}
 }

 func (r *chainRouter) Benched(chainID ids.ID, nodeID ids.NodeID) {
@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (C) 2019-2025, Lux Industries Inc. All rights reserved.
-// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
-
-package node
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"sync"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-
-	"github.com/luxfi/consensus/networking/handler"
-	"github.com/luxfi/constants"
-	"github.com/luxfi/ids"
-	"github.com/luxfi/log"
-	"github.com/luxfi/math/set"
-	"github.com/luxfi/node/version"
-	luxversion "github.com/luxfi/version"
-)
-
-// fakeVersionedHandler implements handler.Handler AND the versionedConnector
-// capability, recording which path the router used and the version delivered.
-type fakeVersionedHandler struct {
-	mu            sync.Mutex
-	versionedHit  bool
-	plainHit      bool
-	gotAppVersion *luxversion.Application
-}
-
-func (h *fakeVersionedHandler) HandleInbound(context.Context, handler.Message) error  { return nil }
-func (h *fakeVersionedHandler) HandleOutbound(context.Context, handler.Message) error { return nil }
-
-func (h *fakeVersionedHandler) Connected(context.Context, ids.NodeID) error {
-	h.mu.Lock()
-	defer h.mu.Unlock()
-	h.plainHit = true
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (h *fakeVersionedHandler) Disconnected(context.Context, ids.NodeID) error { return nil }
-
-func (h *fakeVersionedHandler) ConnectedWithVersion(_ context.Context, _ ids.NodeID, v *luxversion.Application) error {
-	h.mu.Lock()
-	defer h.mu.Unlock()
-	h.versionedHit = true
-	h.gotAppVersion = v
-	return nil
-}
-
-// TestChainRouterConnectedDeliversConvertedVersion is the router half of the
-// RED CRITICAL #1 fix: chainRouter.Connected must deliver the REAL peer version
-// to a version-capable handler, converting it from the node's peer version type
-// (github.com/luxfi/node/version) to the VM boundary type
-// (github.com/luxfi/version, aka chain.VersionInfo). The old code dropped the
-// version at dispatch (h.Connected(ctx, nodeID)); the fix routes through the
-// versionedConnector capability so the real, converted version survives.
-func TestChainRouterConnectedDeliversConvertedVersion(t *testing.T) {
-	require := require.New(t)
-
-	h := &fakeVersionedHandler{}
-	chainID := ids.GenerateTestID()
-
-	r := &chainRouter{
-		log:            log.Noop(),
-		chains:         map[ids.ID]handler.Handler{chainID: h},
-		connectedPeers: set.NewSet[ids.NodeID](1),
-	}
-
-	nodeID := ids.GenerateTestNodeID()
-	peerVersion := &version.Application{Name: "lux", Major: 1, Minor: 36, Patch: 27}
-
-	r.Connected(nodeID, peerVersion, constants.PrimaryNetworkID)
-
-	h.mu.Lock()
-	defer h.mu.Unlock()
-	require.True(h.versionedHit, "router must use the versioned capability path for a version-capable handler")
-	require.False(h.plainHit, "router must NOT fall back to the nil-version plain Connected")
-	require.NotNil(h.gotAppVersion, "handler must receive a non-nil converted version")
-	require.Equal("lux", h.gotAppVersion.Name)
-	require.Equal(1, h.gotAppVersion.Major)
-	require.Equal(36, h.gotAppVersion.Minor)
-	require.Equal(27, h.gotAppVersion.Patch)
-}
-
-// TestToAppVersionNilSafe documents that a nil peer version converts to nil
-// (never a panic) — the conversion is defensive at the boundary.
-func TestToAppVersionNilSafe(t *testing.T) {
-	require.Nil(t, toAppVersion(nil))
-}
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019-2025, Lux Industries Inc. All rights reserved.
+// See the file LICENSE for licensing terms.
+
+package node
+
+import (
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"net/netip"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/luxfi/crypto/bls"
+	"github.com/luxfi/genesis/pkg/genesis"
+	"github.com/luxfi/ids"
+	"github.com/luxfi/log"
+	"github.com/luxfi/math/set"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/server/http"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/benchlist"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/chains"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/nets"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/network"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/trace"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/upgrade"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/vms/platformvm/txs/fee"
+	"github.com/luxfi/timer"
+	"github.com/luxfi/node/utils/profiler"
+)
+
+type APIIndexerConfig struct {
+	IndexAPIEnabled      bool `json:"indexAPIEnabled"`
+	IndexAllowIncomplete bool `json:"indexAllowIncomplete"`
+}
+
+type TargeterConfig struct {
+	// VdrAlloc is the percentage of resource usage that is attributed to validators
+	// The range is [0, 1], defaults to 1 (100%)
+	VdrAlloc float64 `json:"vdrAlloc"`
+	// MaxNonVdrUsage is the maximum amount of resources that non-validators can use
+	// The range is [0, 1], defaults to 0
+	MaxNonVdrUsage float64 `json:"maxNonVdrUsage"`
+	// MaxNonVdrNodeUsage is the maximum amount of resources that a non-validator node can use
+	// The range is [0, 1], defaults to 0
+	MaxNonVdrNodeUsage float64 `json:"maxNonVdrNodeUsage"`
+}
+
+type HTTPConfig struct {
+	server.HTTPConfig
+	APIConfig `json:"apiConfig"`
+	HTTPHost  string `json:"httpHost"`
+	HTTPPort  uint16 `json:"httpPort"`
+
+	HTTPSEnabled bool   `json:"httpsEnabled"`
+	HTTPSKey     []byte `json:"-"`
+	HTTPSCert    []byte `json:"-"`
+
+	HTTPAllowedOrigins []string `json:"httpAllowedOrigins"`
+	HTTPAllowedHosts   []string `json:"httpAllowedHosts"`
+
+	ShutdownTimeout time.Duration `json:"shutdownTimeout"`
+	ShutdownWait    time.Duration `json:"shutdownWait"`
+}
+
+type APIConfig struct {
+	APIIndexerConfig `json:"indexerConfig"`
+
+	// Enable/Disable APIs
+	AdminAPIEnabled    bool `json:"adminAPIEnabled"`
+	InfoAPIEnabled     bool `json:"infoAPIEnabled"`
+	KeystoreAPIEnabled bool `json:"keystoreAPIEnabled"`
+	MetricsAPIEnabled  bool `json:"metricsAPIEnabled"`
+	HealthAPIEnabled   bool `json:"healthAPIEnabled"`
+}
+
+type IPConfig struct {
+	PublicIP                  string        `json:"publicIP"`
+	PublicIPResolutionService string        `json:"publicIPResolutionService"`
+	PublicIPResolutionFreq    time.Duration `json:"publicIPResolutionFreq"`
+	// The host portion of the address to listen on. The port to
+	// listen on will be sourced from IPPort.
+	//
+	// - If empty, listen on all interfaces (both ipv4 and ipv6).
+	// - If populated, listen only on the specified address.
+	ListenHost string `json:"listenHost"`
+	ListenPort uint16 `json:"listenPort"`
+}
+
+type StakingConfig struct {
+	genesis.StakingConfig
+	SybilProtectionEnabled        bool            `json:"sybilProtectionEnabled"`
+	PartialSyncPrimaryNetwork     bool            `json:"partialSyncPrimaryNetwork"`
+	StakingTLSCert                tls.Certificate `json:"-"`
+	StakingSigningKey             *bls.SecretKey  `json:"-"`
+	SybilProtectionDisabledWeight uint64          `json:"sybilProtectionDisabledWeight"`
+	StakingKeyPath                string          `json:"stakingKeyPath"`
+	StakingCertPath               string          `json:"stakingCertPath"`
+	StakingSignerPath             string          `json:"stakingSignerPath"`
+}
+
+type StateSyncConfig struct {
+	StateSyncIDs []ids.NodeID     `json:"stateSyncIDs"`
+	StateSyncIPs []netip.AddrPort `json:"stateSyncIPs"`
+}
+
+type BootstrapConfig struct {
+	// Timeout before emitting a warn log when connecting to bootstrapping beacons
+	BootstrapBeaconConnectionTimeout time.Duration `json:"bootstrapBeaconConnectionTimeout"`
+
+	// Max number of containers in an ancestors message sent by this node.
+	BootstrapAncestorsMaxContainersSent int `json:"bootstrapAncestorsMaxContainersSent"`
+
+	// This node will only consider the first [AncestorsMaxContainersReceived]
+	// containers in an ancestors message it receives.
+	BootstrapAncestorsMaxContainersReceived int `json:"bootstrapAncestorsMaxContainersReceived"`
+
+	// Max time to spend fetching a container and its
+	// ancestors while responding to a GetAncestors message
+	BootstrapMaxTimeGetAncestors time.Duration `json:"bootstrapMaxTimeGetAncestors"`
+
+	Bootstrappers []genesis.Bootstrapper `json:"bootstrappers"`
+
+	// Skip bootstrapping and start processing immediately
+	SkipBootstrap bool `json:"skipBootstrap"`
+
+	// Enable automining in POA mode
+	EnableAutomining bool `json:"enableAutomining"`
+}
+
+type DatabaseConfig struct {
+	// If true, all writes are to memory and are discarded at node shutdown.
+	ReadOnly bool `json:"readOnly"`
+
+	// Path to database
+	Path string `json:"path"`
+
+	// Name of the database type to use
+	Name string `json:"name"`
+
+	// Path to config file
+	Config []byte `json:"-"`
+}
+
+// Config contains all of the configurations of a Lux node.
+type Config struct {
+	HTTPConfig       `json:"httpConfig"`
+	IPConfig         `json:"ipConfig"`
+	StakingConfig    `json:"stakingConfig"`
+	fee.StaticConfig `json:"txFeeConfig"`
+	StateSyncConfig  `json:"stateSyncConfig"`
+	BootstrapConfig  `json:"bootstrapConfig"`
+	DatabaseConfig   `json:"databaseConfig"`
+
+	UpgradeConfig upgrade.Config `json:"upgradeConfig"`
+
+	// Genesis information
+	GenesisBytes []byte `json:"-"`
+	UTXOAssetID   ids.ID `json:"utxoAssetID"`
+
+	// ID of the network this node should connect to
+	NetworkID uint32 `json:"networkID"`
+
+	// Health
+	HealthCheckFreq time.Duration `json:"healthCheckFreq"`
+
+	// Network configuration
+	NetworkConfig network.Config `json:"networkConfig"`
+
+	AdaptiveTimeoutConfig timer.AdaptiveTimeoutConfig `json:"adaptiveTimeoutConfig"`
+
+	BenchlistConfig benchlist.Config `json:"benchlistConfig"`
+
+	ProfilerConfig profiler.Config `json:"profilerConfig"`
+
+	// LoggingConfig log.Config `json:"loggingConfig"` // log.Config doesn't exist
+
+	PluginDir string `json:"pluginDir"`
+	// DevMode enables local PoA + auto-mine mode (network-id=local, sybil-protection disabled)
+	DevMode bool `json:"devMode"`
+
+	// File Descriptor Limit
+	FdLimit uint64 `json:"fdLimit"`
+
+	// Metrics
+	MeterVMEnabled bool `json:"meterVMEnabled"`
+	// Delay between automatic block proposals when DevMode is set
+	DevBlockDelay time.Duration `json:"devBlockDelay"`
+
+	RouterHealthConfig       HealthConfig  `json:"routerHealthConfig"`
+	ConsensusShutdownTimeout time.Duration `json:"consensusShutdownTimeout"`
+	// Poll for new frontiers every [FrontierPollFrequency]
+	FrontierPollFrequency time.Duration `json:"consensusGossipFreq"`
+	// ConsensusAppConcurrency defines the maximum number of goroutines to
+	// handle App messages per chain.
+	ConsensusAppConcurrency int `json:"consensusAppConcurrency"`
+
+	TrackedChains  set.Set[ids.ID] `json:"trackedChains"`
+	TrackAllChains bool            `json:"trackAllChains"`
+
+	NetConfigs map[ids.ID]nets.Config `json:"chainConfigs"`
+
+	ChainConfigs map[string]chains.ChainConfig `json:"-"`
+	ChainAliases map[ids.ID][]string           `json:"chainAliases"`
+
+	VMAliases map[ids.ID][]string `json:"vmAliases"`
+
+	// Halflife to use for the processing requests tracker.
+	// Larger halflife --> usage metrics change more slowly.
+	SystemTrackerProcessingHalflife time.Duration `json:"systemTrackerProcessingHalflife"`
+
+	// Frequency to check the real resource usage of tracked processes.
+	// More frequent checks --> usage metrics are more accurate, but more
+	// expensive to track
+	SystemTrackerFrequency time.Duration `json:"systemTrackerFrequency"`
+
+	// Halflife to use for the cpu tracker.
+	// Larger halflife --> cpu usage metrics change more slowly.
+	SystemTrackerCPUHalflife time.Duration `json:"systemTrackerCPUHalflife"`
+
+	// Halflife to use for the disk tracker.
+	// Larger halflife --> disk usage metrics change more slowly.
+	SystemTrackerDiskHalflife time.Duration `json:"systemTrackerDiskHalflife"`
+
+	CPUTargeterConfig TargeterConfig `json:"cpuTargeterConfig"`
+
+	DiskTargeterConfig TargeterConfig `json:"diskTargeterConfig"`
+
+	RequiredAvailableDiskSpace         uint64 `json:"requiredAvailableDiskSpace"`
+	WarningThresholdAvailableDiskSpace uint64 `json:"warningThresholdAvailableDiskSpace"`
+
+	TraceConfig trace.Config `json:"traceConfig"`
+
+	// See comment on [UseCurrentHeight] in platformvm.Config
+	UseCurrentHeight bool `json:"useCurrentHeight"`
+
+	// ProvidedFlags contains all the flags set by the user
+	ProvidedFlags map[string]interface{} `json:"-"`
+
+	// ChainDataDir is the root path for per-chain directories where VMs can
+	// write arbitrary data.
+	ChainDataDir string `json:"chainDataDir"`
+
+	// ImportChainData is the path to import blockchain data from another chain
+	ImportChainData string `json:"importChainData"`
+
+	// Path to write process context to (including PID, API URI, and
+	// staking address).
+	ProcessContextFilePath string `json:"processContextFilePath"`
+
+	// POA Mode Configuration
+	POAModeEnabled     bool          `json:"poaModeEnabled"`
+	POASingleNodeMode  bool          `json:"poaSingleNodeMode"`
+	POAMinBlockTime    time.Duration `json:"poaMinBlockTime"`
+	POAAuthorizedNodes []string      `json:"poaAuthorizedNodes"`
+
+	// Low Memory Configuration
+	LowMemoryEnabled    bool   `json:"lowMemoryEnabled"`
+	DBCacheSize         uint64 `json:"dbCacheSize"`
+	DBMemtableSize      uint64 `json:"dbMemtableSize"`
+	StateCacheSize      uint64 `json:"stateCacheSize"`
+	BlockCacheSize      uint64 `json:"blockCacheSize"`
+	DisableBloomFilters bool   `json:"disableBloomFilters"`
+	LazyChainLoading    bool   `json:"lazyChainLoading"`
+	SingleValidatorMode bool   `json:"singleValidatorMode"`
+
+	// Logging
+	Log log.Logger `json:"-"`
+}
@@ -1354,10 +1354,6 @@ func (n *Node) initChainManager(utxoAssetID ids.ID) error {
 			SybilProtectionEnabled:    n.Config.SybilProtectionEnabled,
 			StakingTLSSigner:          n.StakingTLSSigner,
 			StakingTLSCert:            n.StakingTLSCert,
-			StakingMLDSASigner:        n.Config.StakingConfig.StakingMLDSA,
-			StakingMLDSAPub:           n.Config.StakingConfig.StakingMLDSAPub,
-			ProposerWindowDuration:    n.Config.ProposerWindowDuration,
-			ProposerMinBlockDelay:     n.Config.ProposerMinBlockDelay,
 			StakingBLSKey:             n.Config.StakingSigningKey,
 			Log:                       n.Log,
 			LogFactory:                n.LogFactory,
@@ -1829,18 +1825,18 @@ func (n *Node) initInfoAPI() error {
 // initSecurityAPI exposes the chain-wide ChainSecurityProfile as a
 // read-only API surface. Three endpoints share one handler:
 //
-//   - JSON-RPC: POST /v1/security with methods securityProfile and
+//   - JSON-RPC: POST /ext/security with methods securityProfile and
 //     blockSecurity (dispatched on the wire as security_securityProfile
 //     / security_blockSecurity per gorilla/rpc namespace convention)
-//   - REST:     GET  /v1/security/profile
-//   - REST:     GET  /v1/security/block/{n}
+//   - REST:     GET  /ext/security/profile
+//   - REST:     GET  /ext/security/block/{n}
 //
 // All three share the same Service receiver; the shape returned is
 // the SCREAMING_SNAKE canonical profile JSON consumed by audit tooling,
 // wallet posture banners, and block explorers.
 //
 // Prometheus gauges for the active profile are stamped onto the
-// node-wide metrics gatherer here so /v1/metrics carries the profile
+// node-wide metrics gatherer here so /ext/metrics carries the profile
 // posture immediately after boot.
 //
 // Closes F102 follow-ups (securityProfile RPC + profile metrics).
@@ -1848,7 +1844,7 @@ func (n *Node) initSecurityAPI() error {
 	n.Log.Info("initializing security API")

 	// Register profile metrics under the "security" namespace on the
-	// node-wide gatherer so /v1/metrics carries them alongside the
+	// node-wide gatherer so /ext/metrics carries them alongside the
 	// existing process / api / chain metric families.
 	securityMetricsReg, err := metric.MakeAndRegister(
 		n.MetricsGatherer,
@@ -114,29 +114,17 @@ var CoreVMs = map[ids.ID]CoreVM{
 // today's opt-in-flag behavior) while the gate itself remains fail-closed.
 //
 // C (evm) and the remaining app VMs are plugin-loaded but ungated today.
-//
-// Declaring a VM here is a statement of intent, not a guarantee that a binary
-// exists: the registry scan simply finds nothing and the chain cannot start.
-// fhevm (F-Chain) is exactly that case today — see its entry below.
 var OptionalVMs = map[ids.ID]PluginSpec{
-	constants.DexVMID:      {Name: "dexvm", RequiredNFT: &NFTRequirement{Collection: "dex-operator", GroupID: 0}},
-	constants.BridgeVMID:   {Name: "bridgevm", RequiredNFT: &NFTRequirement{Collection: "bridge-operator", GroupID: 0}},
-	constants.EVMID:        {Name: "evm"},
-	constants.AIVMID:       {Name: "aivm"},
-	constants.GraphVMID:    {Name: "graphvm"},
-	constants.IdentityVMID: {Name: "identityvm"},
-	constants.KeyVMID:      {Name: "keyvm"},
-	constants.OracleVMID:   {Name: "oraclevm"},
-	constants.RelayVMID:    {Name: "relayvm"},
-	constants.MPCVMID:      {Name: "mpcvm"},
-	// F-Chain. Reserved ID, no shipping VM: luxfi/chains has no fhevm/
-	// directory, so `make` produces no fhevm binary and this scan always comes
-	// up empty. The FHE runtime library lives at luxfi/chains/mpcvm/fhe as a
-	// package inside mpcvm, not as a standalone chain. F-Chain is a spec
-	// (LP-8200, LP-167). Kept declared so the intent stays visible and the ID
-	// stays reserved — remove it only when F-Chain is cancelled, not merely
-	// because it is unbuilt.
-	constants.FHEVMID: {Name: "fhevm"},
+	constants.DexVMID:       {Name: "dexvm", RequiredNFT: &NFTRequirement{Collection: "dex-operator", GroupID: 0}},
+	constants.BridgeVMID:    {Name: "bridgevm", RequiredNFT: &NFTRequirement{Collection: "bridge-operator", GroupID: 0}},
+	constants.EVMID:         {Name: "evm"},
+	constants.AIVMID:        {Name: "aivm"},
+	constants.GraphVMID:     {Name: "graphvm"},
+	constants.IdentityVMID:  {Name: "identityvm"},
+	constants.KeyVMID:       {Name: "keyvm"},
+	constants.OracleVMID:    {Name: "oraclevm"},
+	constants.RelayVMID:     {Name: "relayvm"},
+	constants.ThresholdVMID: {Name: "thresholdvm"},
 }

 func init() {
@@ -166,8 +154,7 @@ func assertRegistriesDisjoint() error {
 // registerCoreVMs registers the in-process core VMs that carry a concrete
 // factory (Q, Z). P and X are registered separately in node.go because their
 // factories require live node dependencies (RegisteredInNodeGo=true in
-// CoreVMs). The optional chain VMs (A/B/C/D/F/G/I/K/M/O/R — the keys of
-// OptionalVMs; there is no T, LP-134 dissolved it) are NEVER registered
+// CoreVMs). The optional chain VMs (A/B/C/D/G/I/K/O/R/T) are NEVER registered
 // here — they load from PluginDir via the VMRegistry scan, exactly like any
 // other plugin. Registering an optional VM in-process would shadow its plugin
 // (the registry skips any VMID the manager already has — vms/registry/
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func TestOptionalVMsNotLinkedInProcess(t *testing.T) {
 		"github.com/luxfi/chains/keyvm",
 		"github.com/luxfi/chains/oraclevm",
 		"github.com/luxfi/chains/relayvm",
-		"github.com/luxfi/chains/mpcvm",
+		"github.com/luxfi/chains/thresholdvm",
 	}
 	for _, pkg := range []string{"./node/", "./main"} {
 		deps := goListDeps(t, pkg)
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+FROM bufbuild/buf:1.26.1 AS builder
+
+FROM ubuntu:20.04
+
+RUN apt-get update && apt -y install bash curl unzip git
+WORKDIR /opt
+
+RUN \
+  curl -L https://golang.org/dl/go1.24.5.linux-amd64.tar.gz > golang.tar.gz && \
+  mkdir golang && \
+  tar -zxvf golang.tar.gz -C golang/
+
+ENV PATH="${PATH}:/opt/golang/go/bin"
+
+COPY --from=builder /usr/local/bin/buf /usr/local/bin/
+
+# any version changes here should also be bumped in scripts/protobuf_codegen.sh
+RUN \
+  go install google.golang.org/protobuf/cmd/protoc-gen-go@v1.30.0 && \
+  go install google.golang.org/grpc/cmd/protoc-gen-go-grpc@v1.3.0
+
+ENV PATH="${PATH}:/root/go/bin/"
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# Lux gRPC
+
+Now Serving: **Protocol Version 42**
+
+Protobuf files are hosted at
+[https://buf.build/luxfi/lux](https://buf.build/luxfi/lux) and
+can be used as dependencies in other projects.
+
+Protobuf linting and generation for this project is managed by
+[buf](https://github.com/bufbuild/buf).
+
+Please find installation instructions on
+[https://docs.buf.build/installation/](https://docs.buf.build/installation/).
+
+Any changes made to proto definition can be updated by running
+`protobuf_codegen.sh` located in the `scripts/` directory of Lux Node.
+
+`buf` Quickstart
+[https://buf.build/docs/cli/quickstart](https://buf.build/docs/cli/quickstart)
+
+## Protocol Version Compatibility
+
+The protobuf definitions and generated code are versioned based on the
+[RPCChainVMProtocol](../version/version.go#L13) defined for the RPCChainVM.
+Many versions of a Lux client can use the same
+[RPCChainVMProtocol](../version/version.go#L13). But each Lux client and
+chain VM must use the same protocol version to be compatible.
+
+## Publishing to Buf Schema Registry
+
+- Checkout appropriate tag in Lux Node `git checkout v1.10.1`
+- Change to proto/ directory `cd proto`.
+- Publish new tag to buf registry. `buf push -t v26`
+
+Note: Publishing requires auth to the luxfi org in buf
+https://buf.build/luxfi/repositories
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+version: v1
+plugins:
+  - name: go
+    out: pb
+    opt: paths=source_relative
+  - name: go-grpc
+    out: pb
+    opt: paths=source_relative
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# Lux gRPC
+
+Now Serving: **Protocol Version 42**
+
+Protobuf files are hosted at
+[https://buf.build/luxfi/lux](https://buf.build/luxfi/lux) and
+can be used as dependencies in other projects.
+
+Protobuf linting and generation for this project is managed by
+[buf](https://github.com/bufbuild/buf).
+
+Please find installation instructions on
+[https://docs.buf.build/installation/](https://docs.buf.build/installation/).
+
+Any changes made to proto definition can be updated by running
+`protobuf_codegen.sh` located in the `scripts/` directory of Lux Node.
+
+`buf` Quickstart
+[https://buf.build/docs/cli/quickstart](https://buf.build/docs/cli/quickstart)
+
+## Protocol Version Compatibility
+
+The protobuf definitions and generated code are versioned based on the
+[RPCChainVMProtocol](../version/version.go#L13) defined for the RPCChainVM.
+Many versions of a Lux client can use the same
+[RPCChainVMProtocol](../version/version.go#L13). But each Lux client and
+chain VM must use the same protocol version to be compatible.
+
+## Publishing to Buf Schema Registry
+
+- Checkout appropriate tag in Lux Node `git checkout v1.10.1`
+- Change to proto/ directory `cd proto`.
+- Publish new tag to buf registry. `buf push -t v26`
+
+Note: Publishing requires auth to the luxfi org in buf
+https://buf.build/luxfi/repositories
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+version: v1
+name: buf.build/luxfi/lux
+build:
+  excludes: []
+breaking:
+  use:
+    - FILE
+# deps removed - now using local io/metric/client/metrics.proto
+lint:
+  use:
+    - STANDARD
+  except:
+    - SERVICE_SUFFIX # service requirement of <name>+Service
+    - RPC_REQUEST_STANDARD_NAME # explicit <rpc>+Request naming
+    - RPC_RESPONSE_STANDARD_NAME # explicit <rpc>+Response naming
+    - PACKAGE_VERSION_SUFFIX # versioned naming <service>.v1beta
+  ignore:
+    # TODO: how will fixing this affect functionality. Multiple fields are used as the request
+    # or response type for multiple RPCs
+    - aliasreader/aliasreader.proto
+    - net/conn/conn.proto
+    # Third-party proto from prometheus/client_model - don't lint
+    - io/metric/client/metrics.proto
+  # allows RPC requests or responses to be google.protobuf.Empty messages. This can be set if you
+  # want to allow messages to be void forever, that is they will never take any parameters.
+  rpc_allow_google_protobuf_empty_requests: true
+  rpc_allow_google_protobuf_empty_responses: true
+  # allows the same message type to be used for a single RPC's request and response type.
+  # TODO: this should not be tolerated and if it is only perscriptivly.
+  rpc_allow_same_request_response: true
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Rename types, methods, and functions to remove "App" prefix
+# Targeted at p2p message types and builder functions
+
+# 1. Rename Message Types and Fields (Getters)
+find . -name "*.go" -type f -print0 | xargs -0 sed -i '' \
+    -e 's/AppRequest/Request/g' \
+    -e 's/AppResponse/Response/g' \
+    -e 's/AppGossip/Gossip/g' \
+    -e 's/AppError/Error/g' \
+    -e 's/GetAppRequest/GetRequest/g' \
+    -e 's/GetAppResponse/GetResponse/g' \
+    -e 's/GetAppGossip/GetGossip/g' \
+    -e 's/GetAppError/GetError/g'
+
+# 2. Rename Builder Functions (Inbound/Outbound)
+# Note: s/AppRequest/Request/g above already handled the suffix.
+# Now we need to handle prefixes if they still exist.
+# e.g. InboundAppRequest -> InboundRequest (if AppRequest matched first, it became InboundRequest)
+# Check: InboundAppRequest -> InboundRequest.
+# So IsInboundAppRequest -> IsInboundRequest?
+# We should just ensure "InboundApp" -> "Inbound" (for any other patterns)
+find . -name "*.go" -type f -print0 | xargs -0 sed -i '' \
+    -e 's/InboundApp/Inbound/g' \
+    -e 's/OutboundApp/Outbound/g'
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Replace package declarations in moved files
+# Ensure we are fixing package names for moved files
+# vm/manager was 'package manager', so it fits node/vms/manager
+# vm/rpc was 'package rpc' (likely), needs to be 'package rpcchainvm'
+
+if [ -d "vms/manager" ]; then
+    sed -i '' 's/^package.*/package manager/' vms/manager/*.go
+fi
+if [ -d "vms/rpcchainvm" ]; then
+    sed -i '' 's/^package.*/package rpcchainvm/' vms/rpcchainvm/*.go
+fi
+
+# Global replacements
+DIRS=". ../precompile ../coreth ../evm ../rpc ../wallet ../staking"
+
+for dir in $DIRS; do
+    if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
+        echo "Processing $dir..."
+        find "$dir" -name "*.go" -type f -print0 | xargs -0 sed -i '' \
+            -e 's|github.com/luxfi/consensus/runtime|github.com/luxfi/runtime|g' \
+            -e 's|github.com/luxfi/consensus/validator|github.com/luxfi/validators|g' \
+            -e 's|github.com/luxfi/consensus/version|github.com/luxfi/version|g' \
+            -e 's|github.com/luxfi/vm/manager|github.com/luxfi/node/vms/manager|g' \
+            -e 's|github.com/luxfi/vm/rpc|github.com/luxfi/node/vms/rpcchainvm|g' \
+            -e 's|github.com/luxfi/vm/chains|github.com/luxfi/node/chains|g' \
+            -e 's|version\.Current()|version.CurrentApp|g' \
+            -e 's|consensusversion\.Current()|version.CurrentApp|g'
+    fi
+done
@@ -54,16 +54,8 @@ source "${REPO_ROOT}"/scripts/constants.sh
 # Determine the git commit hash to use for the build
 source "${REPO_ROOT}"/scripts/git_commit.sh

-# Configure build based on profile.
-#
-# `metrics` is a base tag, not a profile choice: without it luxfi/metric's
-# NewRegistry() resolves to the no-op registry (registry_noop.go, //go:build
-# !metrics), every metric registers into a black hole, and /v1/metrics answers
-# 200 with a zero-byte body — while --api-metrics-enabled=true still reports
-# metrics as on. Whether metrics are served is the runtime flag's decision
-# alone; the build must not silently overrule it.
-base_tags="metrics"
-tags="${base_tags}"
+# Configure build based on profile
+tags=""
 ldflags="-X github.com/luxfi/node/version.GitCommit=$git_commit \
         -X github.com/luxfi/node/version.VersionMajor=$version_major \
         -X github.com/luxfi/node/version.VersionMinor=$version_minor \
@@ -75,7 +67,7 @@ upx_compress=false
 case "${profile}" in
  minimal)
    echo "Profile: minimal (ZAP, all VMs, NAT, stripped)"
-    tags="${base_tags},nattraversal"
+    tags="nattraversal"
    strip_flags="-s -w"
    ;;
  core)
@@ -85,7 +77,7 @@ case "${profile}" in
    ;;
  full)
    echo "Profile: full (gRPC+ZAP, all VMs, all features, stripped)"
-    tags="${base_tags},grpc,nattraversal,zxcvbn"
+    tags="grpc,nattraversal,zxcvbn,metrics"
    strip_flags="-s -w"
    ;;
  dev)
@@ -94,7 +86,7 @@ case "${profile}" in
    ;;
  tiny)
    echo "Profile: tiny (all VMs, NAT + UPX compressed)"
-    tags="${base_tags},nattraversal"
+    tags="nattraversal"
    strip_flags="-s -w"
    upx_compress=true
    ;;
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ echo ""
 # Wait for RPC to be ready
 echo -n "Waiting for RPC..."
 for _ in {1..30}; do
-    if curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:$HTTP_PORT/v1/info" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    if curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:$HTTP_PORT/ext/info" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        echo " ready!"
        break
    fi
@@ -83,10 +83,10 @@ done
 # Show status
 echo ""
 echo "=== Instance Ready ==="
-echo "  C-Chain RPC:  http://127.0.0.1:$HTTP_PORT/v1/bc/C/rpc"
-echo "  X-Chain RPC:  http://127.0.0.1:$HTTP_PORT/v1/bc/X"
-echo "  P-Chain RPC:  http://127.0.0.1:$HTTP_PORT/v1/bc/P"
-echo "  Info API:     http://127.0.0.1:$HTTP_PORT/v1/info"
+echo "  C-Chain RPC:  http://127.0.0.1:$HTTP_PORT/ext/bc/C/rpc"
+echo "  X-Chain RPC:  http://127.0.0.1:$HTTP_PORT/ext/bc/X"
+echo "  P-Chain RPC:  http://127.0.0.1:$HTTP_PORT/ext/bc/P"
+echo "  Info API:     http://127.0.0.1:$HTTP_PORT/ext/info"
 echo ""
 echo "  Logs:         tail -f $LOG_FILE"
 echo "  Stop:         kill $(cat "$PID_FILE")"
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+if ! [[ "$0" =~ scripts/protobuf_codegen.sh ]]; then
+  echo "must be run from repository root"
+  exit 255
+fi
+
+# the versions here should match those of the binaries installed in the nix dev shell
+
+## ensure the correct version of "buf" is installed
+BUF_VERSION='1.47.2'
+if [[ $(buf --version | cut -f2 -d' ') != "${BUF_VERSION}" ]]; then
+  echo "could not find buf ${BUF_VERSION}, is it installed + in PATH?"
+  exit 255
+fi
+
+## ensure the correct version of "protoc-gen-go" is installed
+PROTOC_GEN_GO_VERSION='v1.35.1'
+if [[ $(protoc-gen-go --version | cut -f2 -d' ') != "${PROTOC_GEN_GO_VERSION}" ]]; then
+  echo "could not find protoc-gen-go ${PROTOC_GEN_GO_VERSION}, is it installed + in PATH?"
+  exit 255
+fi
+
+## ensure the correct version of "protoc-gen-go-grpc" is installed
+PROTOC_GEN_GO_GRPC_VERSION='1.3.0'
+if [[ $(protoc-gen-go-grpc --version | cut -f2 -d' ') != "${PROTOC_GEN_GO_GRPC_VERSION}" ]]; then
+  echo "could not find protoc-gen-go-grpc ${PROTOC_GEN_GO_GRPC_VERSION}, is it installed + in PATH?"
+  exit 255
+fi
+
+BUF_MODULES=("proto" "connectproto")
+
+REPO_ROOT=$PWD
+for BUF_MODULE in "${BUF_MODULES[@]}"; do
+  TARGET=$REPO_ROOT/$BUF_MODULE
+  if [ -n "${1:-}" ]; then
+    TARGET="$1"
+  fi
+
+  # move to buf module directory
+  cd "$TARGET"
+
+  echo "Generating for buf module $BUF_MODULE"
+  echo "Running protobuf fmt for..."
+  buf format -w
+
+  echo "Running protobuf lint check..."
+  if ! buf lint;  then
+      echo "ERROR: protobuf linter failed"
+      exit 1
+  fi
+
+  echo "Re-generating protobuf..."
+  if ! buf generate;  then
+      echo "ERROR: protobuf generation failed"
+      exit 1
+  fi
+done
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ PLUGINS=(
  r5m1ujrmXxVcQetG3CQfuDLHp2RHKh6vCDaFgBRQfUcTZh7eS   # oraclevm
  ry9Sg8rZdT26iEKvJDmC2wkESs4SDKgZEhk5BgLSwg1EpcNug   # quantumvm
  sP6dLqrrBR9w3soP18fbJ3YzZecZdD7DDdfH2cFhhLq7Hy9bz   # relayvm
-  qCURact1n41FcoNBch8iMVBwc9AWie48D118ZNJ5tBdWrvryS   # mpcvm
+  tGVBwRxpmD2aFdg3iYjgRvrCe8Jcmq9UNKxyHMus2NZ8WcD8t   # thresholdvm
  vv3qPfyTVXZ5ArRZA9Jh4hbYDTBe43f7sgQg4CHfNg1rnnvX9   # zkvm
 )

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ global:

 scrape_configs:
  - job_name: "node"
-    metrics_path: "/v1/metrics"
+    metrics_path: "/ext/metrics"
    file_sd_configs:
      - files:
          - '${FILE_SD_PATH}/*.json'
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More